verbthird conjugation
pacō1
pacō (present infinitive pacere, perfect active pepigī, supine pactum)
Classical[ˈpa.koː]Ecclesiastical[ˈpaː.ko]
Meaning
- to come to an agreement
'Talionis' mentionem fieri in XII. ait Verrius hoc modo: "Si membrum rupit, ni cum eo pacit, talio esto."
Verrius says talion (retaliation in kind) is mentioned in the Twelve [Tables] in the following manner: "If [someone] breaks [another's] limb, let there be talion unless [the first] comes to an agreement with him."1839 [8th century CE], Paulus Diaconus, edited by Karl Otfried Müller, Excerpta ex libris Pompeii Festi De significatione verborum, page 363, line 6:Pacta sunt quae legibus observanda sunt, hoc modo—"Rem ubi pacunt, orato. Ni pacunt, in comitio aut in foro ante meridiem causam coniciunto."
Rhetorica ad Herennium 2.20
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
subdue, pacify
pācō -āre — in De Bello Gallico III
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | pacō | pacēbam | pacam | pepigī | pepigeram | pepigerō |
| 2nd sg. | pacis | pacēbās | pacēs | pepigistī | pepigerās | pepigeris |
| 3rd sg. | pacit | pacēbat | pacet | pepigit | pepigerat | pepigerit |
| 1st pl. | pacimus | pacēbāmus | pacēmus | pepigimus | pepigerāmus | pepigerimus |
| 2nd pl. | pacitis | pacēbātis | pacētis | pepigistis | pepigerātis | pepigeritis |
| 3rd pl. | pacunt | pacēbant | pacent | pepigērunt pepigēre | pepigerant | pepigerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | pacam | pacerem | pepigerim | pepigissem |
| 2nd sg. | pacās | pacerēs | pepigerīs | pepigissēs |
| 3rd sg. | pacat | paceret | pepigerit | pepigisset |
| 1st pl. | pacāmus | pacerēmus | pepigerīmus | pepigissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | pacātis | pacerētis | pepigerītis | pepigissētis |
| 3rd pl. | pacant | pacerent | pepigerint | pepigissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | pacor | pacēbar | pacar |
| 2nd sg. | paceris pacere | pacēbāris pacēbāre | pacēris pacēre |
| 3rd sg. | pacitur | pacēbātur | pacētur |
| 1st pl. | pacimur | pacēbāmur | pacēmur |
| 2nd pl. | paciminī | pacēbāminī | pacēminī |
| 3rd pl. | pacuntur | pacēbantur | pacentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | pacar | pacerer |
| 2nd sg. | pacāris pacāre | pacerēris pacerēre |
| 3rd sg. | pacātur | pacerētur |
| 1st pl. | pacāmur | pacerēmur |
| 2nd pl. | pacāminī | pacerēminī |
| 3rd pl. | pacantur | pacerentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | pace | pacere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | pacite | paciminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | pacitō | pacitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | pacitō | pacitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | pacitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | pacuntō | pacuntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | pacere | pacī |
| perfect infinitive | pepigisse | pactum esse |
| future infinitive | pactūrum esse | pactum īrī |
| present participle | pacēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | pactus |
| future participle | pactūrus | pacendus pacundus |
gerundpacendī, pacendō, pacendumsupinepactum, pactū
Lewis & Short A Latin Dictionary, 1879
pāco, ăvi, ātum, 1, v. a. pax,
I. to bring into a state of peace and quietness, to make peaceful, to quiet, pacify, subdue, soothe (class.; cf.: pacifico, placo).
I. Lit.:
pacare Amanum, Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 8: omnem Galliam, Caes. B. C. 1, 7: qui nuper pacati erant, id. B. G. 1, 16: civitates, id. ib. 7, 65: Hispanias, id. B. C. 1, 85: bimarem Isthmon, Ov. M. 7, 405: regiones, Hirt. B. Alex. 26: Asiam, Just. 38, 7, 2: Erymanthi nemora, Verg. A. 6, 803: MARE A PRAEDONIBVS, Monum. Ancyr. fin. ap. Grut. 233; Ov. F. 2, 18.—II. Transf., of things as objects:
incultae pacantur vomere silvae, are subdued, tilled, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 45: et pacare metu silvas, Manil. 4, 182: saltus remotos pacabat cornu, Stat. Th. 4, 250: incertos animi aestus, to quiet, Claud. IV. Cons. Honor. 225; cf. feras, to tame, Aus. Epigr. 1, 19: dolorem, id. Idyll. 6, 100.—Hence, pācā-tus, a, um, P. a., pacified, quieted, peaceful, quiet, calm, tranquil, undisturbed (opp. hostilis; class.). A. Lit.:
pacatae tranquillaeque civitates, Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 30: in provinciā pacatissimā, id. Lig. 2, 4: pacatissima et quietissima pars, Caes. B. G. 5, 24: nec hospitale quicquam pacatumve, Liv. 21, 20: pacato agmine transire, id. 40, 47: pacati status aëris, Lucr. 3, 292: pacata posse omnia mente tueri, Lucr. 5, 1203: mare, Hor. C. 4, 5, 19: vultus, Ov. F. 1, 3: pacatus mitisque adsis, id. M. 431: coloni, Manil. 4, 141.—As subst.: pācātum, i, n., a friendly country: vagi milites in pacato, Liv. 8, 34: ex pacatis praedas agere, i. e. from countries at peace with Rome, Sall. J. 32, 3: qui medius inter pacata et hostilia fuit, Danubius et Rhenus, Sen. Q. N. 6, 7, 1.—B. Trop.:
oratio pacatior, Cic. Brut. 31, 121: cujus ne pacatam quidem nequitiam quisquam ferre posset, id. Phil. 5, 9, 24.—And in the neutr. as subst.: nec diu in pacato mansit gens, on friendly terms, Liv. 23, 27, 9.—Hence, adv.: pācātē, peaceably, quietly (post-Aug.).—Comp.: pacatius ad reliqua secessimus, Petr. 10; Aug. Ep. 111.—Sup.: pacatissime et commodissime, Aug. Soliloq. 2, 7. Origins
According to De Vaan 2008, explained by Meiser 2003 as a thematized derivative of an older root aorist from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ḱ- (“to join, fasten”). Compare the inchoative pacīscor. If pronounced with [g], as advocated by some ancient sources, it would come instead from this root's variant form *peh₂ǵ-: compare pangō. The perfect form pepigī can be interpreted as a form of pangō.