verbfirst conjugation
obscūrō
obscūrō (present infinitive obscūrāre, perfect active obscūrāvī, supine obscūrātum)
Classical[ɔpˈskuː.roː]Ecclesiastical[obˈskuː.ro]
Meaning
- to darken, obscure
- to conceal, hide
- figurativelyto blind, becloud understanding
- figurativelyto render indistinct
- to mutter, pronounce indistinctly
- to suppress, keep unknown
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
tenebrōsus fīō, lūcem āmittōobscūror -ārī — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 22
tenebrīs operiōobscūrō -āre — in Evangelium secundum Marcum, ch. 19
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | obscūrō | obscūrābam | obscūrābō | obscūrāvī | obscūrāveram | obscūrāverō obscūrārō |
| 2nd sg. | obscūrās | obscūrābās | obscūrābis | obscūrāvistī obscūrāstī | obscūrāverās obscūrārās | obscūrāveris |
| 3rd sg. | obscūrat | obscūrābat | obscūrābit | obscūrāvit | obscūrāverat obscūrārat | obscūrāverit obscūrārit |
| 1st pl. | obscūrāmus | obscūrābāmus | obscūrābimus | obscūrāvimus | obscūrāverāmus | obscūrāverimus obscūrārimus |
| 2nd pl. | obscūrātis | obscūrābātis | obscūrābitis | obscūrāvistis obscūrāstis | obscūrāverātis obscūrārātis | obscūrāveritis obscūrāritis |
| 3rd pl. | obscūrant | obscūrābant | obscūrābunt | obscūrāvērunt obscūrāvēre, obscūrārunt | obscūrāverant obscūrārant | obscūrāverint obscūrārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | obscūrem | obscūrārem | obscūrāverim obscūrārim | obscūrāvissem obscūrāssem |
| 2nd sg. | obscūrēs | obscūrārēs | obscūrāverīs | obscūrāvissēs obscūrāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | obscūret | obscūrāret | obscūrāverit obscūrārit | obscūrāvisset obscūrāsset |
| 1st pl. | obscūrēmus | obscūrārēmus | obscūrāverīmus obscūrārīmus | obscūrāvissēmus obscūrāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | obscūrētis | obscūrārētis | obscūrāverītis obscūrārītis | obscūrāvissētis obscūrāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | obscūrent | obscūrārent | obscūrāverint obscūrārint | obscūrāvissent obscūrāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | obscūror | obscūrābar | obscūrābor |
| 2nd sg. | obscūrāris obscūrāre | obscūrābāris obscūrābāre | obscūrāberis obscūrābere |
| 3rd sg. | obscūrātur | obscūrābātur | obscūrābitur |
| 1st pl. | obscūrāmur | obscūrābāmur | obscūrābimur |
| 2nd pl. | obscūrāminī | obscūrābāminī | obscūrābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | obscūrantur | obscūrābantur | obscūrābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | obscūrer | obscūrārer |
| 2nd sg. | obscūrēris obscūrēre | obscūrārēris obscūrārēre |
| 3rd sg. | obscūrētur | obscūrārētur |
| 1st pl. | obscūrēmur | obscūrārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | obscūrēminī | obscūrārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | obscūrentur | obscūrārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | obscūrā | obscūrāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | obscūrāte | obscūrāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | obscūrātō | obscūrātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | obscūrātō | obscūrātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | obscūrātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | obscūrantō | obscūrantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | obscūrāre | obscūrārī |
| perfect infinitive | obscūrāvisse obscūrāsse | obscūrātum esse |
| future infinitive | obscūrātūrum esse | obscūrātum īrī |
| present participle | obscūrāns obscūrante, obscūrantem, obscūrantēs, obscūrantī, obscūrantia, obscūrantibus, obscūrantis, obscūrantīs, obscūrantium | — |
| perfect participle | — | obscūrātus obscūrāta, obscūrātā, obscūrātae, obscūrātam, obscūrātārum, obscūrātās, obscūrātī, obscūrātōrum, obscūrātōs |
| future participle | obscūrātūrus obscūrātūra, obscūrātūrā, obscūrātūrae, obscūrātūram, obscūrātūrārum, obscūrātūrās, obscūrātūre, obscūrātūrī, obscūrātūrīs, obscūrātūrō, obscūrātūrōrum, obscūrātūrōs, obscūrātūrum | obscūrandus obscūranda, obscūrandā, obscūrandae, obscūrandam, obscūrandārum, obscūrandās, obscūrande, obscūrandīs, obscūrandōrum, obscūrandōs |
gerundobscūrandī, obscūrandō, obscūrandumsupineobscūrātum, obscūrātū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- sol(luna) deficit, obscuratur
- the sun, moon, is eclipsed.
- memoria alicuius rei obscuratur, obliteratur, evanescit
- to be forgotten, pass into oblivion.
- obscurare alicuius gloriam, laudem, famam (not obscurare aliquem)
- to render obscure, eclipse a person.
- memoriam eius nulla umquam delebit (obscurabit) oblivio (Fam. 2. 1)
- nothing will ever make me forgetful of him.
obscūro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. id.,
I. to render dark, to darken, obscure (class.; syn.: obumbro, opaco).
I. Lit.:
obscuratur et offunditur luce solis lumen lucernae, Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 45: nitor solis, Cat. 66, 3: finitimas regiones eruptione Aetnaeorum ignium, id. N. D. 2, 38, 96: caelum nocte atque nubibus obscuratum, Sall. J. 38, 5: volucres Aethera obscurant pennis, Verg. A. 12, 253: nebula caelum obscurabat, Sall. Fragm. ap. Non. 489, 10: obscuratus sol, obscured, eclipsed, Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25; 2, 10, 17; Tac. A. 14, 12; Vulg. Matt. 24, 29; id. Apoc. 9, 2; Val. Max. 8, 11, ext. 1: visus obscuratus, dimmed eyesight, Plin. 8, 27, 41, § 99.—B. Transf., to hide, conceal, cover; to render invisible or imperceptible:
neque nox tenebris obscurare coetus nefarios potest, Cic. Cat. 1, 3, 6: caput obscurante lacernā, Hor. S. 2, 7, 55: caput dextra, Petr. 134: dolo ipsi et signa militaria obscurati, concealed, kept out of sight, Sall. J. 49, 5: nummus in Croesi divitiis obscuratur, disappears, is lost, Cic. Fin. 4, 12, 3: tenebrae non obscurabuntur a te, Vulg. Psa. 138, 12.—II. Trop.
A. To blind, darken, becloud the understanding:
scio amorem tibi Pectus obscurasse, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 41.—B. Of speech, to obscure, render indistinct; to deliver or express indistinctly: si erunt mihi plura ad te scribenda, ἀλληγορίαις obscurabo, Cic. Att. 2, 20, 3:
nihil dicendo, id. Clu. 1, 1: aliquid callide, Quint. 5, 13, 41; cf. id. 8, 2, 18: stilum affectatione, to render obscure, Suet. Tib. 70.—C. Of sound, to pronounce indistinctly:
(M) neque eximitur sed obscuratur, is pronounced indistinctly, Quint. 9, 4, 40: vocem, to render dull or indistinct, id. 11, 3, 20.—D. To obscure, cover with obscurity; to render unknown: paupertas quorum obscurat nomina, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Trag. v. 73 Vahl.):
fortuna res cunctas ex lubidine magis, quam ex vero celebrat obscuratque, Sall. C. 8, 1.—E. (Acc. to I. B.) To suppress, hide, conceal:
quod obscurari non potest, Cic. Arch. 11, 26: laudes, id. Marcell. 9, 31: veritatem, Quint. 4, 2, 64.—Hence, to obscure, cause to be forgotten, render of no account: magnitudo lucri obscurabat periculi magnitudinem, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 131.—In pass.: obscurari, to become obscure or of no account, to grow obsolete, etc.: sin dicit obscurari quaedam nec apparere, quia valde parva sint, nos quoque concedimus, id. Fin. 4, 12, 29: omnis eorum memoria sensim obscurata est et evanuit, id. de Or. 2, 23, 95; cf. id. Fragm. ap. Mart. Cap. 5, § 509: obscurata vocabula, obsolete, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 115.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
obscūrō āvī, ātus, āre
obscurus, to render dark, darken, obscure: obscuratur luce solis lumen lucernae: caelum nocte obscuratum, S.: volucres Aethera obscurant pennis, V.: obscuratus sol, eclipsed.—To hide, conceal, cover, shroud, darken, veil: neque nox tenebris obscurare coetūs nefarios potest: caput obscurante lacernā, H.: dolo ipsi obscurati, kept out of sight, S.—Fig., of speech, to obscure, render indistinct, express indistinctly: nihil dicendo.—To render unknown, bury in oblivion: fortuna res celebrat obscuratque, S.—To suppress, hide, conceal: tuas laudes.—To cause to be forgotten, render insignificant: periculi magnitudinem: eorum memoria sensim obscurata est: obscurata vocabula, obsolete, H.
Origins
Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep-der. Proto-Indo-European *h₁épsder. Proto-Indo-European *h₁óp(i) Proto-Italic *op Latin ob Latin ob- Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃-der. Proto-Italic *skoirosder. Latin obscūrus Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -o Latin obscūrō From obscūrus (“shadowy, obscure”) + -o.