verbthird conjugation
nūbō
nūbō (present infinitive nūbere, perfect active nūpsī, supine nū̆ptum)
Classical[ˈnuː.boː]Ecclesiastical[ˈnuː.bo]
Mille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- intransitiveto get married to, marry, wed
Hāc quoque dē causā, sī tē prōverbia tangunt,
For this reason, too, if proverbs interest you: [It is] a misfortune to marry in the month of May, the common folk say. (See: Lemuria (festival).)8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 5.489–490 - intransitiveto become joined, tied or wedded to
- raretransitiveto cover, veil
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
uxor fīō; fēmina virō nūbit, vir uxōrem dūcit.nūbō -ere nūpsī — in Mille Verba, ch. Vīta et Mors
in mātrimōnium veniōnūbō -ere — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 20
(fēmina) virō iungornūbō -ere — in Evangelium secundum Marcum, ch. 18
virō coniungor; vir uxōrem dūcit, virō fēmina nūbitnūbō -ere (+ dat) — in Metamorphoses I, ch. 21
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | nūbō | nūbēbam | nūbam | nūpsī | nūpseram | nūpserō |
| 2nd sg. | nūbis | nūbēbās | nūbēs | nūpsistī | nūpserās | nūpseris |
| 3rd sg. | nūbit | nūbēbat | nūbet | nūpsit | nūpserat | nūpserit |
| 1st pl. | nūbimus | nūbēbāmus | nūbēmus | nūpsimus | nūpserāmus | nūpserimus |
| 2nd pl. | nūbitis | nūbēbātis | nūbētis | nūpsistis | nūpserātis | nūpseritis |
| 3rd pl. | nūbunt | nūbēbant | nūbent | nūpsērunt nūpsēre | nūpserant | nūpserint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | nūbam | nūberem | nūpserim | nūpsissem |
| 2nd sg. | nūbās | nūberēs | nūpserīs | nūpsissēs |
| 3rd sg. | nūbat | nūberet | nūpserit | nūpsisset |
| 1st pl. | nūbāmus | nūberēmus | nūpserīmus | nūpsissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | nūbātis | nūberētis | nūpserītis | nūpsissētis |
| 3rd pl. | nūbant | nūberent | nūpserint | nūpsissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | nūbor | nūbēbar | nūbar |
| 2nd sg. | nūberis nūbere | nūbēbāris nūbēbāre | nūbēris nūbēre |
| 3rd sg. | nūbitur | nūbēbātur | nūbētur |
| 1st pl. | nūbimur | nūbēbāmur | nūbēmur |
| 2nd pl. | nūbiminī | nūbēbāminī | nūbēminī |
| 3rd pl. | nūbuntur | nūbēbantur | nūbentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | nūbar | nūberer |
| 2nd sg. | nūbāris nūbāre | nūberēris nūberēre |
| 3rd sg. | nūbātur | nūberētur |
| 1st pl. | nūbāmur | nūberēmur |
| 2nd pl. | nūbāminī | nūberēminī |
| 3rd pl. | nūbantur | nūberentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | nūbe | nūbere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | nūbite | nūbiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | nūbitō | nūbitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | nūbitō | nūbitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | nūbitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | nūbuntō | nūbuntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | nūbere | nūbī |
| perfect infinitive | nūpsisse | nū̆ptum esse |
| future infinitive | nū̆ptūrum esse | nū̆ptum īrī |
| present participle | nūbēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | nū̆ptus nū̆pta, nū̆ptā, nū̆ptae, nū̆ptam, nū̆ptārum, nū̆ptās, nū̆pte, nū̆ptī, nū̆ptīs, nū̆ptō, nū̆ptōrum, nū̆ptōs |
| future participle | nū̆ptūrus nū̆ptūra, nū̆ptūrā, nū̆ptūrae, nū̆ptūram, nū̆ptūrārum, nū̆ptūrās, nū̆ptūre, nū̆ptūrī, nū̆ptūrīs, nū̆ptūrō, nū̆ptūrōrum, nū̆ptūrōs, nū̆ptūrum | nūbendus nūbundus, nūbenda, nūbendā, nūbendae, nūbendam, nūbendārum, nūbendās, nūbende, nūbendīs, nūbendōrum, nūbendōs |
gerundnūbendī, nūbendō, nūbendumsupinenū̆ptum, nū̆ptū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- nubere alicui
- to marry (of the woman).
- filiam alicui nuptum dare
- to give one's daughter in marriage to some-one.
- nuptam esse cum aliquo or alicui
- to be married to some one.
nūbo, psi, ptum, 3, v. a. and n. (acc. to Prisc. p. 789 P., the ancients used the construction nubere aliquem; hence
I. part. pass.: nuptus, a, um; v. fin.) [root in Sanscr. nabhas; Germ. Nebei; Gr. νέφος, νεφέλη; Lat.: nubes, nebula, nimbus; cf. νύμφη], to cover, veil.
I. In gen. (very rare):
jubet ut udae virgines nubant rosae. Auct. Pervig. Ven. 22: quod aqua nubat terram, Arn. 3, 118.—II. In partic., of a bride: alicui, to cover, veil herself for the bridegroom, i. e. to be married to him; to marry, wed (class. and freq.); constr. with dat. or absol.: nuptam esse; also with cum; post-class. also with apud:
quo illae nubent divites Dotatae? Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 15: virgo nupsit ei, cui Caecilia nupta fuerat, Cic. Div. 1, 46, 104: deam homini nubere, Aug. Civ. Dei, 4, 27: locuples quae nupsit avaro, Juv. 6, 141; 591: regis Parthorum filius, quocum esset nupta regis Armeniorum soror, Cic. Fam. 15, 3, 1: Amphitruo ... Quicum Alcumenast nupta, Plaut. Am. prol. 99: dum cum illo nupta eris, id. As. 5, 2, 20: cum in familiam clarissimam nupsisses, Cic. Cael. 14, 34: in familiae luctum, id. Clu. 66, 188: ut una apud duos nupta esset, Gell. 1, 23, 8: si qua voles apte nubere, nube pari, Ov. H. 9, 32: posse ipsam Liviam statuere nubendum post Drusum, Tac. A. 4, 40: tu nube atque tace, Juv. 2, 61.—In the sup.: nam quo dedisti nuptum, abire nolumus, Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 83; cf.: uxor, invita quae ad virum nuptum datur, id. ib. 1, 2, 85: Mamilio filiam nuptum dat, Liv. 1, 49: ultro nuptum ire, Plaut. Cas. prol. 86: nuptum locare virginem, Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 25: propinquas suas nuptum in alias civitates collocāsse, Caes. B. G. 1, 18: nuptum mitti, Sall. Fragm. ap. Arus. Mess.—Impers. pass.: cujusmodi hic cum famā facile nubitur, Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 58: praestruxit, hic quidem nubi, ubi sit et mori, Tert. c. Marc. 4, 38.—Pers.: neque nubent neque nubentur, Vulg. Matt. 22, 30. —B. Transf.
1. Of a man, to marry, be married (poet. and in post-class. prose):
pontificem maximum rursus nubere nefas est, Tert. ad Uxor. 1, 7: nec filii sine consensu patrum rite et jure nubent, id. ib. 2, 11; Hier. Ep. 22, n. 19; Vulg. Luc. 20, 34: viri nupti, Varr. ap. Non. 480. 3.—So, comically, of a man who is ruled by his wife, Non. 143, 24 sq.: uxorem quare locupletem ducere nolim, Quaeritis? uxori nubere nolo meae, will not be my wife's wife, Mart. 8, 12, 2.—Also of unnatural vice: nubit amicus, Nec multos adhibet, Juv. 2, 134; Mart. 12, 42; Lampr. Heliog. 10; Cod. Just. 9, 9, 31.—2. In mal. part.:
haec cotidie viro nubit, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 45; cf. id. Cas. 2, 8, 45 sqq.; Mart. 1, 24, 4.—3. Of plants, to be wedded, i. e. tied to others:
vites in Campano agro populis nubunt, Plin. 14, 1, 3, § 10: et te, Bacche, tuos nubentem junget ad ulmos, Manil. 5, 238: populus alba vitibus nupta, Plin. 18, 28, 68, § 266.—Hence, nuptus, a, um, P. a., married, wedded: ex quā hic est puer et nupta jam filia, Cic. Sest. 3, 6.—Subst.: nūpta, ae, f., a married woman, bride, wife: nova nupta, Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 33; Juv. 2, 120: pudica, Liv. 3, 45, 6; Ov. F. 2, 794: nupta virum timeat, id. A. A. 3, 613; Tac. G. 18; Sen. Contr. 3, 21, 9; Juv. 6, 269; 3, 45.—Comically, in the masc.: novus nuptus, of a man married in jest as a woman to another man, Plaut. Cas. 5, 1, 6 (cited in Prisc. p. 789 P.).— Transf.: nupta verba, which should not be spoken by the unmarried, Paul. ex Fest. p. 170 Müll.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
nūbō nūpsī, nūptum, ere
NEB-, to veil oneself, be married, marry, wed : in familiam: lectum filiae nubenti straverat: apte, O.: Tu nube atque tace, Iu.: Mamilio filiam nuptum dat, L.: propinquas suas nuptum in alias civitates conlocasse, Cs.: Antiphila nubet mihi, T.: Iugurthae filia Boccho nupserat, S.: consobrino suo: nube pari, O.: cum illo nupta, T.: quocum esset nupta.
Origins
Per the LIV and IEW, from Proto-Indo-European *snewbʰ- (“to marry, to wed”), cognate to Proto-Slavic *snubìti. Ernout and Meillet dispute this and instead connect this word with nūbēs (“cloud”), from PIE *(s)newdʰ- (“to cover”) (the sense development would be "to cover" > "to take the veil" > "to get married"). De Vaan finds Ernout and Meillet's proposal semantically attractive, but morphologically difficult: if the root originally ended in *dʰ, then the attested supine stem must be a recent (re)formation, since an old supine form would have regularly developed -ss-, as in iussus (perfect participle of iubeō) from *Hyewdʰ-. The vowel in the first syllable of the supine stem is marked long by Lewis (1891) and Bennett (1907), but De Vaan (2008) implies that it is short by omitting a macron, Ernout and Meillet explicitly mark it with a breve (nŭptum), and Wartburg (1928–2002) and Bienvenu (1965) mark ŭ as short in the derived word nuptiae. A short vowel in the supine stem would match the ablaut-based length alternation pattern seen in dūcō, dūxī, ductum (with a supine/past participle stem built on the zero grade of the root). On the other hand, a long vowel could have been introduced by analogy with the present stem, perfect stem, or both (as in scrībō, scrīpsī, scrīptum). Possibly cognate with Ancient Greek νύμφη (númphē, “bride, young wife, nymph”) (English nymph), but this is disputed.
In English words that came into English from nūbō
- nubilenūbilis
- nuptialnūptiālis
- nuptialsnūptiālis
- pronubialprōnuba