noun · femininesecond declension
laurus
laurus f (genitive laurī)
Classical[ˈɫau̯.rʊs]Ecclesiastical[ˈlaːu̯.rus]
Mille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- femininelaurel tree
- femininemetonymicallylaurels; a crown of laurel
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
arbor Apollinis sacra; victōrēs rāmōs laurī in capite gerunt.laurus -ī f — in Mille Verba, Arborēs et Plantae
arbor Apollinis, semper viridislaurus -ī (f) — in Metamorphoses I, ch. 3
Declension
| form | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | laurus | laurī |
| genitive | laurī | laurōrum |
| dative | laurō | laurīs |
| accusative | laurum | laurōs laurūs |
| ablative | laurō | laurīs |
| vocative | laure | laurī |
laurus, i (
I. gen. laurūs, Plin. 15, 30, 39, § 132; 14, 16, 19, § 112; Col. 6, 7, 3 codd.; abl. lauru, Hor. C. 2, 7, 19;
but lauro, id. ib. 3, 30, 16; nom. plur. laurus, Verg. A. 3, 91; acc. plur. laurus, id. E. 6, 83 al.; Tib. 2, 5, 63; gen. plur. lauruum, acc. to Charis. p. 110 P.), f. cf. Germ. lor- in Lorbeere, a bay-tree, laurel-tree, laurel, sacred to Apollo; cf.: aliquid cedo Qui vicini hanc nostram augeam aram Apollinis. Da sane hanc virgam lauri, Plaut. Merc. 4, 1, 11; it grew in greatest beauty on Parnassus, and hence is called Parnasia laurus, Verg. G. 2, 18; its branches were the decoration of poets, Hor. C. 4, 2, 9; of the flamens, Liv. 23, 11; Ov. F. 3, 137. In festivals, the ancestral images were decorated with laurel, Cic. Mur. 41. The leaves, when eaten, were said to impart the power of prophesying, Tib. 2, 5, 63; Juv. 7, 19. Victorious generals, in triumphal processions, wore laurel crowns on their heads and carried laurel branches in their hands, while their lictors bore fasces bound with laurel, Cic. Att. 7, 10; Ov. M. 1, 560. Before the gate of the imperial palace stood two laurel-trees, with oaken crowns, in honor of the emperor, as the vanquisher of foes and the people's preserver: janitrix Caesarum et pontificum, Plin. 15, 30, 39, § 127 sqq.; Tert. Apol. 35. A wet branch of laurel was used in lustrations, to sprinkle the objects to be purified: cuperent lustrari ... si foret umida laurus, Juv. 2, 158; cf. Dict. Antiq. s. v. lustratio.—II. Meton. for laurea, a laurel crown, as the sign of a triumph; hence for triumph, victory:
incurrit haec nostra laurus non solum in oculos, sed, etc., Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 2: Parthica, Plin. Pan. 14: Indica, Stat. S. 4, 1, 4: Sarmatica, Mart. 7, 6, 10: ornari lauro secunda, Juv. 8, 253.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
laurus ī (abl. laurū and laurō, H., O.; plur, nom. and acc. laurūs, V., Ct., Tb.; voc. laurūs, O.), f
a bay-tree, laurel-tree, laurel (sacred to Apollo): Phoebo sua Munera, lauri, etc., V.; its branches were the crown of poets: Pindarus Laureā donandus, H.; of the flamens: coronatus laureā coronā, L.; and of ancestral images in festivals; generals in triumph wore laurel crowns, carried laurel branches, and the fasces of their lictors were bound with laurel, C.: nitidā incingere lauru, O.: incurrit haec nostra laurus non solum in oculis, sed, etc., i. e. triumph: ornari lauro secundā, Iu.
Origins
From Old Latin dacrus. Related to Ancient Greek δάφνη (dáphnē, “laurel”), and likely borrowed there from an Aegean or Anatolian language. Together with the rare variation δαυχμός (daukhmós) and the name δαῦκος (daûkos), used for some umbelliferous plants, Beekes derives δάφνη (dáphnē) from *dakʷ-(n-). It is possibly related to Latin lacrima, dacrima and Ancient Greek δάκρυ (dákru, “tear, resin”), themselves from *dáḱru- and this from the compound *dr̥ḱ-h₂eḱru- (eye-bitter), due to its poignancy as firewood, or its gummy sap. Traditionally, δαῦκος has been connected with δαίω (daíō, “to kindle, burn”).
Italo-Dalmatian
- Italianlauru
- Italianlauro
- Italianlàvoro
- Italianloro
- Italianalloro
- Corsicanaddoru
- Neapolitanlàvoro
- Neapolitanlauro
- Sicilianaḍḍauru
- Sicilianlauru
Insular Romance
- Sardinianlaru
- Sardinianlau
- Sardinianlavru
Gallo-Romance
- Catalanllorfrom Old Catalan lor
- Catalanllortfrom Old Catalan lor
- Occitanlaurfrom Old Occitan laur
- Lorrainloirfrom Old French lor
Ibero-Romance
- Portugueselourofrom Old Galician-Portuguese louro
- Portugueseloirofrom Old Galician-Portuguese louro
- Spanishloro
- Asturianlloru
- Galicianlourofrom Old Galician-Portuguese louro
Borrowings
- Italianlauro
- Portugueselauro
- Spanishlauro
- Albanianlar
- Asturianlauro
- Idolaurofrom Esperanto laŭro
- Manxlaurys
- Scottish Gaeliclabhrais
- Polishlaur
- Welshllawryffrom Proto-Brythonic *llọrɨβ̃
Balkano-Romance
- Romanianlaur
- Aromanianlavru
- Megleno-Romanianlaur
Gallo-Italic
- Lombardlaur
- Piedmonteselàuro
- Piedmonteselaur
Elsewhere
- Belarusianлаўр
- Bulgarianлавър
- Latvianlaurs
- Lithuanianlaurų
- Macedonianлавор
- Macedonianловор
- Russianлавр
- Samogitianlauros
- Pannonian Rusynловорfrom Serbo-Croatian lȍvōr
- Slovenelovor