LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
noun · masculinethird declension

latrō1

latrō m (genitive latrōnis)
Classical[ˈɫa.troː]Ecclesiastical[ˈlaː.tro]
Mille Verba core vocabulary

Meaning

  1. mercenary
  2. highwayman; brigand, bandit; robber
  3. chessman, pawn
  4. Classical LatinLate Latinpluralplural onlythe game of latrunculi (somewhat similar to chess)

Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers

quī viātōrēs armīs terret et bona rapit.
latrō -ōnis m — in Mille Verba, ch. Via et Iter

Declension

declension
formsingularplural
nominativelatrōlatrōnēs
genitivelatrōnislatrōnum
dativelatrōnīlatrōnibus
accusativelatrōnemlatrōnēs
ablativelatrōnelatrōnibus
vocativelatrōlatrōnēs

lā^tro, ōnis, m. Gr. λάτρις, root λα-, λαϝ-, in λάω, λεία; cf. lucrum,
I. a hired servant, hireling, mercenary, satellite, bodyguard, etc. (only ante-class.): haec effatus ibi, latrones dicta facessunt, Enn. ap. Non. 306, 23 (Ann. v. 60 Vahl.).—Of mercenary soldiers: latrones, quos conduxi, Plaut. Mil. 4, 1, 3: nam hic latro in Sparta fuit, id. Poen. 3, 3, 50: latronem suam qui auro vitam venditat, id. Bacch. 1, 1, 20 Fleck.; cf.: fortunas suas coepere latrones Inter se memorare, Enn. ap. Non. 134, 29 (Ann. v. 528 Vahl.); cf. Varr. L. L. 7, p. 141 Müll., and the passage from Paul. ex Fest. infra.—
II. Transf.
A. A freebooter, highwayman, robber, bandit, irregular soldier, brigand (opp. justi hostes). Liv. 40, 27, 10: latrones eos antiqui dicebant, qui conducti militabant. ἀπὸ τῆς λατρείας. At nunc viarum obsessores dicuntur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 118 Müll.: hostes hi sunt, qui nobis, aut quibus nos publice bellum decrevimus: ceteri latrones aut praedones sunt, Dig. 50, 16, 118: vos latrones et mendicos homines magni penditis? Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 75: collecti ex praedonibus latronibusque Syriae, Caes. B. C. 3, 110; 3, 109 fin.; id. B. G. 3, 17: erat ei vivendum latronum ritu, ut tantum haberet, quantum rapere potuisset, Cic. Phil. 2, 25, 62: non semper viator a latrone, non numquam etiam latro a viatore occiditur, Cic. Mil. 21, 55; cf.: cantabit vacuus coram latrone viator, Juv. 10, 22; 13, 145: ne quis fur esset, neu latro, Hor. S. 1, 3, 106: quin etiam leges latronum esse dicuntur, etc., Cic. Off. 2, 11, 40: quaestio latronum, Paul. Sent. 5, 16, 13: qui latronem caedem sibi inferentem, occiderit, id. ib. 5, 23, 8.—Of an assassin, Val. Max. 5, 9, 4.—Poet. of a hunter, Verg. A. 12, 7.—Of a wolf, Phaedr. 1, 1, 4.—
B. For latrunculus, a chessman, a piece in the game of draughts or chess which represents a soldier; a man, pawn (poet.): latronum proelia, Ov. A. A. 3, 357: ludere bella latronum, Mart. 14, 20, 1; cf. vitreo latrone, id. 7, 72, 8.
Lā^tro, ōnis, m.,
I. a Roman surname. So M. Porcius Latro, a famous orator from Spain, a friend of the elder Seneca, Sen. Contr. 1 praef.; Quint. 10, 5, 18; 9, 2, 91; Plin. 20, 14, 57, § 160.—Hence,
II. Lătrō-nĭānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Latro, Latronian: color, Sen. Contr. 1, 7, 16; 1 praef. § 13.

Origins

Disputed. Often hypothesized as from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂t- (“to grant; to possess”) or *leh₁-t- (“to let, grant, provide”), when compared with Ancient Greek λάτρις (látris, “hired servant”) and Proto-Germanic *lēþą (“ownership, possession”). However, Beekes rejects an Indo-European etymology on phonetic grounds and instead posits Pre-Greek origin for the Greek; he believes Latin latrō is rather borrowed from unattested Ancient Greek *λάτρων (*látrōn).

Southern Gallo-Romance
  • Occitanlaire
  • Catalanlladrefrom Old Catalan ladre
  • Catalanlladrófrom Old Catalan ladró
  • Occitanlaironfrom Old Occitan lairon
  • Old Catalanlairófrom Old Occitan lairon
Italo-Dalmatian
  • Italianlatro
  • Italianladro
  • Italianladrone
  • Corsicanladru
  • Corsicanlatru
  • Dalmatianladr
  • Istriotlaro
  • Sicilianlatru
  • Neapolitanlatro
  • Venetanladro
Ibero-Romance
  • Portugueseladro
  • Portugueseladrãofrom Old Galician-Portuguese ladron
  • Spanishladrónfrom Old Spanish ladron
  • Galicianladro
  • Asturianlladrónfrom Old Leonese ladron
  • Mirandeselhadronfrom Old Leonese ladron
  • Falalaironfrom Old Galician-Portuguese ladron
  • Galicianladrónfrom Old Galician-Portuguese ladron
  • Ladinoladrónfrom Old Spanish ladron
Borrowings
  • Englishlatron
  • Romanianlatrone
  • Irishladrannfrom Proto-Celtic *latrū
  • Bretonlaerfrom Proto-Celtic *latrū
  • Middle Cornishladerfrom Proto-Celtic *latrū
  • Middle Cornishladarfrom Proto-Celtic *latrū
  • Welshlleidrfrom Proto-Celtic *latrū
Insular Romance
  • Sardinianlatruni
  • Sardinianlarruni
Northern Gallo-Romance
  • Frenchlarronfrom Old French larron
  • Franco-Provençallârro
  • Old Frenchlerre
  • Walloonlâronfrom Old French larron
  • Old Italianlarronefrom Old French larron
  • Sicilianlarrunifrom Old French larron
Rhaeto-Romance
  • Friulianlari
  • Ladinlère
  • Romanshlader
  • Romanshleder
  • Friulianladron
Gallo-Italic
  • Emilianlèder
  • Alpineladrufrom Lombard làdar
  • Alpinelädarfrom Lombard làdar
  • Old Ligurianlairo
  • Piedmonteselàder
  • Piedmonteselar
  • Piedmonteseladron
verbfirst conjugation
lātrō2
lātrō (present infinitive lātrāre, perfect active lātrāvī, supine lātrātum)
Classical[ˈɫaː.troː]Ecclesiastical[ˈlaː.tro]
Mille Verba core vocabulary

Meaning

  1. to bark, bay
  2. to rant, bluster
  3. to roar
  4. to demand vehemently

Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms

Latrare · Gannire · Baubari

Latrare means the hostile bark of a great dog, and, figuratively, to wrangle, like ὑλακτεῖν; whereas gannire, the harmless bark of a little dog, and, figuratively, to chatter, like κνυζᾶσθαι; lastly, baubari, the whining and howling of a dog, like βαΰεζειν. Lucret. v. 1064-1070.

Conjugation conjugation 1

active indicative
formpresentimperfectfutureperfectpluperfectfut. perfect
1st sg.lātrōlātrābamlātrābōlātrāvīlātrāveramlātrāverō
lātrārō
2nd sg.lātrāslātrābāslātrābislātrāvistī
lātrāstī		lātrāverās
lātrārās		lātrāveris
3rd sg.lātratlātrābatlātrābitlātrāvitlātrāverat
lātrārat		lātrāverit
lātrārit
1st pl.lātrāmuslātrābāmuslātrābimuslātrāvimuslātrāverāmuslātrāverimus
lātrārimus
2nd pl.lātrātislātrābātislātrābitislātrāvistis
lātrāstis		lātrāverātis
lātrārātis		lātrāveritis
lātrāritis
3rd pl.lātrantlātrābantlātrābuntlātrāvērunt
lātrāvēre, lātrārunt		lātrāverant
lātrārant		lātrāverint
lātrārint
active subjunctive
active subjunctive
formpresentimperfectperfectpluperfect
1st sg.lātremlātrāremlātrāverim
lātrārim		lātrāvissem
lātrāssem
2nd sg.lātrēslātrārēslātrāverīslātrāvissēs
lātrāssēs
3rd sg.lātretlātrāretlātrāverit
lātrārit		lātrāvisset
lātrāsset
1st pl.lātrēmuslātrārēmuslātrāverīmus
lātrārīmus		lātrāvissēmus
lātrāssēmus
2nd pl.lātrētislātrārētislātrāverītis
lātrārītis		lātrāvissētis
lātrāssētis
3rd pl.lātrentlātrārentlātrāverint
lātrārint		lātrāvissent
lātrāssent
passive indicative
passive indicative
formpresentimperfectfuture
1st sg.lātrorlātrābarlātrābor
2nd sg.lātrāris
lātrāre		lātrābāris
lātrābāre		lātrāberis
lātrābere
3rd sg.lātrāturlātrābāturlātrābitur
1st pl.lātrāmurlātrābāmurlātrābimur
2nd pl.lātrāminīlātrābāminīlātrābiminī
3rd pl.lātranturlātrābanturlātrābuntur
passive subjunctive
passive subjunctive
formpresentimperfect
1st sg.lātrerlātrārer
2nd sg.lātrēris
lātrēre		lātrārēris
lātrārēre
3rd sg.lātrēturlātrārētur
1st pl.lātrēmurlātrārēmur
2nd pl.lātrēminīlātrārēminī
3rd pl.lātrenturlātrārentur
imperative
imperative
formactivepassive
pres. 2nd sg.lātrālātrāre
pres. 2nd pl.lātrātelātrāminī
fut. 2nd sg.lātrātōlātrātor
fut. 3rd sg.lātrātōlātrātor
fut. 2nd pl.lātrātōte—
fut. 3rd pl.lātrantōlātrantor
infinitives & participles
infinitives & participles
formactivepassive
present infinitivelātrārelātrārī
perfect infinitivelātrāvisse
lātrāsse		lātrātum esse
future infinitivelātrātūrum esselātrātum īrī
present participlelātrāns
lātrante, lātrantem, lātrantēs, lātrantī, lātrantia, lātrantibus, lātrantis, lātrantīs, lātrantium		—
perfect participle—lātrātus
lātrāta, lātrātā, lātrātae, lātrātam, lātrātārum, lātrātās, lātrātī, lātrātōrum, lātrātōs
future participlelātrātūrus
lātrātūra, lātrātūrā, lātrātūrae, lātrātūram, lātrātūrārum, lātrātūrās, lātrātūre, lātrātūrī, lātrātūrīs, lātrātūrō, lātrātūrōrum, lātrātūrōs, lātrātūrum		lātrandus
lātranda, lātrandā, lātrandae, lātrandam, lātrandārum, lātrandās, lātrande, lātrandīs, lātrandōrum, lātrandōs
gerundlātrandī, lātrandō, lātrandumsupinelātrātum, lātrātū

lātro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a.
I. [cf. Gr. λοιδορέω and λατράζειν = βαρβαρίζειν, Hesych.], to bark (cf. baubor).
I. Lit.: si canes latrent, Cic. Rosc. Am. 20, 56; Lucr. 5, 1066: ne latret canis, Hor. S. 1, 2, 128: quasi feta canes sine dentibus latrat, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 32 Müll. (Ann. v. 518 Vahl.): canis timidus vehementius latrat quam mordet, Curt. 7, 4, 13: canino rictu, Juv. 10, 272.—Impers. pass.: scit cui latretur cum solus obambulet ipse, Ov. Tr. 2, 459.—
(b). Act. for allatrare, to bark at, bay: senem adulterum Latrent Suburanae canes, Hor. Epod. 5, 57: cervinam pellem, id. Ep. 1, 2, 66: nubila, Stat. Th. 1, 551.—Also in pass.: latrari a canibus, Plin. 25, 10, 78, § 126.—
(g). Part. pres. as subst.: lātrans, antis, m., a barker, i. e. a dog (poet.): inmeriti fatum latrantis, Ov. M. 8, 412; plur., id. ib. 8, 344.—
B. Transf.
1. To resound, roar, of water (poet.): latrantes undae, Sil. 5, 396: (amnis) Alpibus ortus fertur latrantibus undis, id. 3, 470; Stat. Ach. 1, 451.—
2. In speaking, to rant, roar, bluster: latrant jam quidam oratores, non loquuntur, Cic. Brut. 15, 58: rumperis et latras, Hor. S. 1, 3, 136.—
(b). Act., to bark at: si quis Obprobriis dignum latraverit, Hor. S. 2, 1, 85.—
II. Trop., to bark at, rage, etc.
A. In gen.: multa ab animalium vocibus tralata in homines, partim quae sunt aperta, partim obscura. Perspicua, ut Ennii: Animus cum pectore latrat, Varr. L. L. 7, § 103 Müll. (cf. Ann. v. 570 Vahl.): admoto latrant praecordia tactu, rage, Stat. S. 2, 1, 13: curae latrantes, Petr. 119.—
(b). Act.: magnas latrantia pectora curas, Stat. Th. 2, 338.—
B. In partic.
1. To demand vehemently: latrare Ennius pro poscere posuit, Paul. ex Fest. 121 Müll.; cf. Enn. l. l.: cum sale panis Latrantem stomachum bene leniet, Hor. S. 2, 2, 17: nil aliud sibi naturam latrare, nisi ut, etc., Lucr. 2, 17.—
2. Opening the mouth wide, pronounced with a wide mouth: hanc scripsit Latine Plautus cum latranti nomine, Plaut. Cas. prol. 34.

Origins

Inherited from Proto-Italic *lātrom, from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂- (“to bark, howl”) (an expressive root). Cognate with lāmentum, Ancient Greek λῆρος (lêros), λάλος (lálos), λάσκω (láskō).

Ibero-Romance
  • Portugueseladrarfrom Old Galician-Portuguese ladrar
  • Spanishladrar
  • Asturianlladrar
  • Galicianladrarfrom Old Galician-Portuguese ladrar
Balkano-Romance
  • Romanianlătra, lătrare
  • Aromanianalatru, alãtrari
Italo-Romance
  • Italianlatrare
Gallo-Romance
  • Catalanlladrarfrom Old Catalan ladrar
Borrowings
  • Englishlatrate

Quick answers

What does latrō mean in Latin?
latrō, a noun, means “mercenary; highwayman; brigand, bandit”.
What is the genitive of latrō?
The genitive singular is latrōnis. latrō is masculine, third declension.
How do you pronounce latrō?
In classical Latin, [ˈɫa.troː]; in ecclesiastical (church) Latin, [ˈlaː.tro].