LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
verbthird conjugation

incendō

incendō (present infinitive incendere, perfect active incendī, supine incēnsum)
Classical[ɪŋˈkɛn.doː]Ecclesiastical[in̠ʲˈt͡ʃɛn.do]

Meaning

  1. transitiveto set on fire, burn, kindle
    hic iam galbaneos suadebo incendere odoresThen I would urge you to burn fragrant resin of galbanumc. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Vergilius, Georgicon 4.264
  2. transitiveto heat, make hot, scorch
  3. transitiveto light up with fire, make a fire upon
  4. transitiveto make bright or shining, light up, brighten; adorn
  5. figurativelytransitiveto set on fire, inflame, excite, rouse, incite; incense, irritate
    Prōtinus ad rēgem cursus dētorquet Iarbān,At once [Rumor] turns her course to King Iarbas, and she inflames his passion with her tales and swells his wrath.29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.196–197
  6. figurativelytransitiveto enhance, raise, intensify
  7. figurativelytransitiveto ruin, destroy, lay waste

Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers

Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms

Accendere · Incendere · Inflammare · Comburere · Cremare

Accendere, incendere, and inflammare, mean ‘to set on fire:’ accendere, from without, and at a single point, like ἀνάπτειν [hence to light a torch, etc.]; incendere, from within, like ἐνδαίειν [hence to set fire to houses, villages]; inflammare, ‘to set on fire,’ either from without or from within, but with bright flames, like ἀναφλογίζειν; comburere and cremare mean ‘to burn up, or consume by fire;’ comburere, with a glowing heat, as the causative of ardere, like κατακαίειν; cremare, with bright flames, as the causative of flagrare like πιμπράναι. Hence, mortui cremantur on a bright blazing funeral pile; vivi comburuntur, Cic. Fam. x. 32. Verr. i. 33 and 38, in order to make the torture of that mode of dying felt the more. (iv. 250.)

Conjugation conjugation 3

active indicative
formpresentimperfectfutureperfectpluperfectfut. perfect
1st sg.incendōincendēbamincendamincendīincenderamincenderō
2nd sg.incendisincendēbāsincendēsincendistīincenderāsincenderis
3rd sg.incenditincendēbatincendetincenditincenderatincenderit
1st pl.incendimusincendēbāmusincendēmusincendimusincenderāmusincenderimus
2nd pl.incenditisincendēbātisincendētisincendistisincenderātisincenderitis
3rd pl.incenduntincendēbantincendentincendērunt
incendēre		incenderantincenderint
active subjunctive
active subjunctive
formpresentimperfectperfectpluperfect
1st sg.incendamincenderemincenderimincendissem
2nd sg.incendāsincenderēsincenderīsincendissēs
3rd sg.incendatincenderetincenderitincendisset
1st pl.incendāmusincenderēmusincenderīmusincendissēmus
2nd pl.incendātisincenderētisincenderītisincendissētis
3rd pl.incendantincenderentincenderintincendissent
passive indicative
passive indicative
formpresentimperfectfuture
1st sg.incendorincendēbarincendar
2nd sg.incenderis
incendere		incendēbāris
incendēbāre		incendēris
incendēre
3rd sg.incenditurincendēbāturincendētur
1st pl.incendimurincendēbāmurincendēmur
2nd pl.incendiminīincendēbāminīincendēminī
3rd pl.incendunturincendēbanturincendentur
passive subjunctive
passive subjunctive
formpresentimperfect
1st sg.incendarincenderer
2nd sg.incendāris
incendāre		incenderēris
incenderēre
3rd sg.incendāturincenderētur
1st pl.incendāmurincenderēmur
2nd pl.incendāminīincenderēminī
3rd pl.incendanturincenderentur
imperative
imperative
formactivepassive
pres. 2nd sg.incendeincendere
pres. 2nd pl.incenditeincendiminī
fut. 2nd sg.incenditōincenditor
fut. 3rd sg.incenditōincenditor
fut. 2nd pl.incenditōte—
fut. 3rd pl.incenduntōincenduntor
infinitives & participles
infinitives & participles
formactivepassive
present infinitiveincendereincendī
perfect infinitiveincendisseincēnsum esse
future infinitiveincēnsūrum esseincēnsum īrī
present participleincendēns—
perfect participle—incēnsus
incēnsa, incēnsā, incēnsae, incēnsam, incēnsārum, incēnsās, incēnse, incēnsī, incēnsōrum, incēnsōs
future participleincēnsūrus
incēnsūra, incēnsūrā, incēnsūrae, incēnsūram, incēnsūrārum, incēnsūrās, incēnsūre, incēnsūrī, incēnsūrīs, incēnsūrō, incēnsūrōrum, incēnsūrōs, incēnsūrum		incendendus
incendundus, incendenda, incendendā, incendendae, incendendam, incendendārum, incendendās, incendende, incendendīs, incendendōrum, incendendōs
gerundincendendī, incendendō, incendendumsupineincēnsum, incēnsū

Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book

ira incensum esse
to be fired with rage.
oppidum incendere
to fire a town.
admiratione incensum esse
to be fired with admiration.
ture et odoribus incensis
with incense and perfumes.
furore inflammari, incendi
to become furious.
accendere, incendere aedificia
to set buildings on fire.
furore incensus, abreptus, impulsus
in a transport of rage.
studio alicuius rei aliquem incendere
to make some one enthusiastic for a thing.
3 more phrases
optimarum artium studio incensum esse
to be interested in, have a taste for culture.
amore captum, incensum, inflammatum esse, ardere
to be fired with love.
gloriae, laudis cupiditate incensum esse, flagrare
to be consumed by the fires of ambition.

incendo, di, sum, 3 (archaic form of the
I. perf. subj. incensit = incenderit, sicut incepsit = inceperit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 107 Müll.), v. a. in-candeo; cf.: accendo and succendo, to set fire to, to kindle, burn (freq. and class.; syn. inflammare).
I. Lit.: cupas taedā ac pice refertas incendunt, Caes. B. C. 2, 11, 2: tus et odores, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 37, § 77; cf. odores, id. Tusc. 3, 18, 43: lychnos, Verg. A. 1, 727: oppida sua omnia, vicos, reliqua privata aedificia incendunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 5, 2: aedificia vicosque, id. ib. 6, 6, 1: tabularium, Cic. N. D. 3, 30, 74: Capitolium, Sall. C. 47, 2: naves omnes, Cic. Att. 9, 6, 3: tamquam ipse suas incenderit aedes, Juv. 3, 222: classem inflammari incendique jussit, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 35, § 91: urbem, id. Cat. 3, 4, 10; cf. Liv. 9, 9, 6: quod primo incendendum Avaricum censuerat, Caes. B. G. 7, 3, 2: agros, Verg. G. 1, 84: vepres, id. ib. 1, 271: cum ipse circumsessus paene incenderere, wast consumed, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 33, § 85.—Absol.: nec incendit nisi ignis, Quint. 6, 2, 28.—
B. Transf.
1. To light up with fire, to make a fire upon: aras votis, i. e. in pursuance of vows, Verg. A. 3, 279: altaria, id. ib. 8, 285.—
2. To heat, make hot: diem, Luc. 4, 68: igne et tenuibus lignis fornacem incendemus, will heat, warm, Col. 12, 19, 3.—
3. To make bright or shining, to brighten, illumine: ejusdem (solis) incensa radiis luna, Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 87; Ov. P. 2, 1, 41: maculosus et auro Squamam incendebat fulgor, Verg. A. 5, 88: vivis digitos incendere gemmis, to make brilliant, i. e. to adorn, Stat. S. 2, 1, 134.—
II. Trop.
A. To kindle, inflame, set on fire; to fire, rouse, incite, excite; to irritate, incense (esp. freq. in pass.): ut mihi non solum tu incendere judicem, sed ipse ardere videaris, Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 188: iidem hominem perustum etiamnum gloria volunt incendere, id. Fam. 13, 15, 2: me ita vel cepit vel incendit, ut cuperem, etc., id. ib. 5, 12, 1: aliquem morando, Sall. J. 25, 10: (aliquem) querelis, Verg. A. 4, 360: in minime gratum spectaculum animo incenduntur, Liv. 1, 25, 2: Tyndariden incendit amor, Val. Fl. 6, 207: plebem largiundo atque pollicitando, Sall. C. 38, 1: juventutem ad facinora, id. ib. 13, 4: bonorum animos, Cic. Att. 2, 16, 1: animum cupidum inopiā, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 126: cupiditatem alicujus, Cic. Fam. 15, 21, 1: odia improborum in nos, id. Att. 9, 1, 3: tum pudor incendit vires et conscia virtus, inflames, Verg. A. 5, 455: illam incendentem luctus, id. ib. 9, 500: clamore incendunt caelum, set on fire with, i. e. fill with, id. ib. 10, 895: regiam repentino luctu, Just. 38, 8 fin.: rabie jecur incendente feruntur Praecipites, Juv. 7, 648: quibus incendi jam frigidus, aevo Laomedontiades possit, id. 6, 325.—In pass.: nimis sermone hujus irā incendor, Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 66; id. As. 2, 4, 14; cf.: incendor irā, esse ausam facere haec te injussu meo, Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 47: hisce ego illam dictis ita tibi incensam dabo, ut, etc., id. Phorm. 5, 7, 81: amore sum incensus, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 5, § 18: (mulier) incensa odio pristino, id. Clu. 64, 181: incendor quotidie magis non desiderio solum sed etiam incredibili fama virtutum admirabilium, id. Or. 10, 33: incensus studio, id. Rosc. Am. 17, 48: iratus iste vehementer Sthenio et incensus hospitium renuntiat, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 36, § 89: omnes incenduntur ad studia gloriā, id. Tusc. 1, 2, 4; cf. id. ib. 1, 19, 44: imperator incensus ad rem publicam bene gerendam, id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35: Caesar ab eo (Crasso) in me esset incensus, id. Fam. 1, 9, 9: nulla mens est tam ad comprehendendam vim oratoris parata, quae possit incendi, nisi inflammatus ipse ad eam et ardens accesseris, id. de Or. 2, 45, 190 fin.: inimicitiis incensa contentio, id. Opt. Gen. Or. 7, 22: incensus calcaribus equus, Hirt. B. G. 8, 48, 5.—Absol.: loquarne? incendam; taceam? instigem, Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 9: dumque petit petitur pariterque incendit et ardet, Ov. M. 3, 425.—*
B. To enhance, raise: annonam (the price of corn), to produce a dearness or scarcity (shortly before: excandefaciebant), Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 16 (cf. incendium, II. A.).—
C. To destroy, ruin, lay waste: si istuc conare ... tuum incendes genus, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 49: campos, Stat. Th. 1, 631. — Hence, incensus, a, um, P. a., inflamed, burning, hot: profuit incensos aestus avertere ( = vehementissimos ardores febris), Verg. G. 3, 469 Forbig. ad loc.— In comp.: aether, Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 201.

Origins

  1. Proto-Indo-European*h₁én
  2. Proto-Italic*en
  3. Proto-Italic*en-
  4. Latinincendō

Proto-Indo-European *(s)kend-der. Proto-Italic *kandēō Latin candeō Latin incendo From in- (“in”) + candeō.

Descendants
  • Catalanencendre
  • Italianincendere
  • Occitanencénder
  • Occitanencendre
  • Portugueseencender
  • Romanianîncinge
  • Romanianîncinde
  • Spanishencender
  • Englishincense
  • Englishincendiary

Quick answers

What does incendō mean in Latin?
incendō, a verb, means “to set on fire, burn, kindle; to heat, make hot, scorch; to light up with fire, make a fire upon”.
What are the principal parts of incendō?
incendō, incendere, incendī, incēnsum (third conjugation).
How do you pronounce incendō?
In classical Latin, [ɪŋˈkɛn.doː]; in ecclesiastical (church) Latin, [in̠ʲˈt͡ʃɛn.do].
Where does incendō come from?
Proto-Indo-European *h₁én → Proto-Italic *en → Proto-Italic *en- → Latin incendō.