LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
adjectivefirst/second-declension adjective

horridus

horridus (feminine horrida, neuter horridum, comparative horridior)
Classical[ˈhɔr.rɪ.dʊs]Ecclesiastical[ˈɔr.ri.dus]

Meaning

  1. adjectiverough, bristly, shaggy
    Pōmum ipsum grande, dūrum, horridum et ā cēterīs generibus distāns sapōre quōdam ferīnae in aprīsThe fruit [of the syagrus tree] itself is large, hard, rough, and different in taste from every other kind, with a certain something of the meat in wild boars.77 CE – 79 CE, Plinius Maior, Naturalis Historia 13.9
  2. adjectiverude, rough, uncouth, unpolished, untrimmed
  3. adjectiveawful, dreadful, horrible, horrid, frightful, fearful, terrible
    “[...] Nunc augur Apollō, / nunc Lyciae sortēs, nunc et Iove missus ab ipsō / interpres dīvom fert horrida iussa per aurās.” “Now prophetic Apollo, now the oracles of Lycia, and now – sent from Jupiter himself! – the divine interpreter [Mercury] brings grim orders through the air.”29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.376–378

Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers

asper, terribilis
horridus -a -um — in Aeneis, ch. 14

Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms

Horridus · Hirtus · Hirsutus · Hispidus · Asper

Horridus (from χέρσος, χορταῖος), is the most general expression for whatever is rough and rugged, from want of formation; hirtus and hirsutus refer particularly to what is covered with rough hair, in opp. to what is soft and smooth; hispidus and asper, to rough elevations, in opp. to what is level; hispidus, to the roughness that offends the eye; asper, to the roughness that causes pain. Vell. P. ii. 4. describes Marius as hirtus et horridus; hirtus referring to his neglected exterior, horridus, to his rough nature. (vi. 161.)

Declension

singular
formmasculinefeminineneuter
nominativehorridushorridahorridum
genitivehorridīhorridaehorridī
dativehorridōhorridaehorridō
accusativehorridumhorridamhorridum
ablativehorridōhorridāhorridō
vocativehorridehorridahorridum
plural
formmasculinefeminineneuter
nominativehorridīhorridaehorrida
genitivehorridōrumhorridārumhorridōrum
dativehorridīshorridīshorridīs
accusativehorridōshorridāshorrida
ablativehorridīshorridīshorridīs
vocativehorridīhorridaehorrida

horrĭdus, a, um, adj. horreo,
I. standing on end, sticking out, rough, shaggy, bristly, prickly: non hac barbula, qua ista delectatur, sed illa horrida, quam in statuis antiquis et imaginibus videmus, Cic. Cael. 14, 33: caesaries, Ov. M. 10, 139: pluma, id. Am. 2, 6, 5: apes horridi pili, Col. 9, 3, 1; cf.: apes horridae aspectu, Plin. 11, 18, 19, § 59: sus, Verg. G. 4, 407; cf.: videar tibi amarior herbis, Horridior rusco, id. E. 7, 42: densis hastilibus horrida myrtus, id. A. 3, 23; cf.: arbor spinis, Plin. 12, 15, 34, § 67: horrida siccae silva comae, Juv. 9, 12. —
II. Transf., in gen., rough, rude, rugged, wild, savage, horrid.
A. Lit.: horrida signis chlamys, Val. Fl. 5, 558 (for which: aspera signis pocula, Verg. A. 9, 263: membra videres Horrida paedore, Lucr. 6, 1269: pecudis jecur horridum et exile, Cic. Div. 2, 13, 30: horrida villosa corpora veste tegant, Tib. 2, 3, 75: pastor, Ov. M. 1, 514: Ilia cultu, id. Am. 3, 6, 47; cf.: Acestes in jaculis et pelle Libystidis ursae, Verg. A. 5, 37: Silvanus, Hor. C. 3, 29, 22: Africa terribili tremit horrida terra tumultu, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 153 Müll. (Ann. v. 311 Vahl.); cf.: Aetnensis ager et campus Leontinus sic erat deformis atque horridus, ut, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 18, § 47 fin.: horridior locus, Ov. P. 1, 3, 83: silva fuit, late dumis atque ilice nigra Horrida, Verg. A. 9, 382: sedes Taenari, Hor. C. 1, 34, 10: argumenta, velut horrida et confragosa, vitantes, Quint. 5, 8, 1: inde senilis Hiems tremulo venit horrida passu, Ov. M. 15, 212; cf.: cum Juppiter horridus austris Torquet aquosam hiemem, Verg. A. 9, 670: bruma, id. G. 3, 442: December, Mart. 7, 36, 5: stiria, Verg. G. 3, 366: grando, id. ib. 1, 449: tempestas, Hor. Epod. 13, 1; Varr. ap. Plin. 18, 35, 79, § 349: fluctus, Hor. Epod. 10, 3; cf.: aequora, id. C. 3, 24, 40.—Poet.: si premerem ventosas horridus Alpes, qs. enveloped in horror, shuddering, Ov. Am. 2, 16, 19.—Of taste: sapor, harsh, raw, Plin. 34, 13, 33, § 129; cf. id. 13, 4, 9, § 43: ruta silvestris horrida ad effectum est, id. 20, 13, 61, § 131: (litterae) succedunt tristes et horridae ... in hoc ipso frangit multo fit horridior (littera sexta nostrarum), Quint. 12, 10, 28 sq. —
2. Esp., with dishevelled hair: si magna Asturici cecidit domus, horrida mater, Juv. 3, 212: paelex, id. 2, 57.—
B. Trop.
1. Rough in character or manners, rude, blunt, stern, unpolished, uncouth: huncine hominem te amplexari tam horridum, Plaut. Truc. 5, 41: ut vita sic oratione durus, incultus, horridus, Cic. Brut. 31, 117; cf.: vir paulo horridior et durior, Plin. Ep. 3, 3, 5: spernitur orator bonus, horridus miles amatur, Enn. ap. Cic. Mur. 14, 30 (Ann. v. 273 Vahl.): non ille, quamquam Socraticis madet Sermonibus, te negliget horridus, Hor. C. 3, 21, 10: fidens juventus horrida bracchiis, id. ib. 3, 4, 50: Germania, id. ib. 4, 5, 26: gens, Verg. A. 7, 746: horridus irā (Boreas), etc., Ov. M. 6, 685: vita, Cic. Quint. 30, 93: virtus, Sil. 11, 205; Stat. Th. 5, 172: aspera, tristi, horrida oratione, Cic. Or. 5, 20; cf.: horridiora verba, id. Brut. 17, 68: sermo, Quint. 9, 4, 3: quaedam genera dicendi horridiora, id. 12, 10, 10: numerus Saturnius, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 157: ita de horridis rebus nitida est oratio tua, Cic. de Or. 3, 14, 51: (antiquorum imitatores) fient horridi atque jejuni, Quint. 2, 5, 21.—
2. With the predominating idea of an effect produced, causing tremor or horror, terrible, frightful, horrid (rare, and mostly poet. for the class. horribilis): horridiore aspectu esse, * Caes. B. G. 5, 14, 2; cf. in a Greek construction with an inf.: et desit si larga Ceres, tunc horrida cerni, Luc. 3, 347: turba horrida aspici, Sen. Q. N. 3, 19: vis horrida teli, Lucr. 3, 170: acies, Verg. A. 10, 408: castra, id. E. 10, 23: proelia, id. G. 2, 282: arma, Ov. M. 1, 126: virga (mortis), Hor. C. 1, 24, 16: fata, Verg. A. 11, 96: jussa, id. ib. 4, 378: paupertas, Lucr. 6, 1282: aquilae ac signa, pulverulenta illa et cuspidibus horrida, Plin. 13, 3, 4, § 23.— Hence, adv.: horrĭdē (acc. to II. B.), roughly, savagely, severely, sternly: vixit semper inculte atque horride, Cic. Quint. 18, 59: horride inculteque dicere, id. Or. 9, 28; cf. Quint. 10, 2, 17: ornamentis utetur horridius, Cic. Or. 25, 86: alloqui mitius aut horridius. Tac. H. 1, 82.

Origins

Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰers-der. Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰr̥s-éh₁-(ye)-ti Proto-Italic *horzēō Latin horreō Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der. Proto-Italic *-iðos Latin -idus Latin horridus From horreō (“to stand on end, shiver”) + -idus.

Borrowings
  • Catalanhòrrid
  • Englishhorrid
  • Italianorrido
  • Portuguesehórrido
  • Spanishhórrido
Northern Gallo-Romance
  • Frenchordurefrom Old French ort
  • Normanordefrom Old French ort
  • Normanyordefrom Old French ort
  • Walloonyôrdfrom Old French ort
  • Normanhourderfrom Old French ort
  • Normanordirfrom Old French ort
  • Normanyordirfrom Old French ort
  • Normanordeurefrom Old French ort
  • Middle Englishordurfrom Old French ort
  • Middle Englishordurefrom Old French ort
Italo-Romance
  • Italianordo
Balkano-Romance
  • Romanianurdoare
Southern Gallo-Romance
  • Old Catalanhòrreu
  • Old Catalanhorresa
  • Old Occitanorre
  • Old Occitanorrezeza
Ibero-Romance
  • Old Spanishhorrura
  • Old Spanishorrura

In English words that came into English from horridus

  • ordurehorridus
  • horridhorridus

Quick answers

What does horridus mean in Latin?
horridus, a adjective, means “rough, bristly, shaggy; rude, rough, uncouth, unpolished, untrimmed; awful, dreadful, horrible, horrid, frightful, fearful, terrible”.
How do you pronounce horridus?
In classical Latin, [ˈhɔr.rɪ.dʊs]; in ecclesiastical (church) Latin, [ˈɔr.ri.dus].