noun · neuterthird declension
frīgus
frīgus n (genitive frīgoris)
Classical[ˈfriː.ɡʊs]Ecclesiastical[ˈfriː.ɡus]
Mille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- cold, coldness, coolness, chilliness
Frigore et assiduis imbribus tardarentur
Retarded by the cold and the continuous rainsc. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de bello Gallico VII.24 - the cold of winter; winter; frost
- the coldness of death; death
- a chill, fever
- a cold shudder which is produced by fear
Extemplō Aenēae solvuntur frīgore membra.
Forthwith for Aeneas, [his] limbs are weakened by the chill of fear. (The epic hero first appears in line 92 where the Latin “Aeneae” is a dative of reference. Here and in subsequent lines, Aeneas’s expression of heroic emotion echoes a speech by Odysseus in Book 5 of the Odyssey.)29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 1.92 - a cold region, place, area or spot
- figurativelyinactivity, indolence, slowness
- figurativelya cold reception, indifference
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
quod hieme sentīmus; contrārium calōris.frīgus -oris n — in Mille Verba, Caelum et Tempestātēs
magnum gelū; horrorfrīgus -oris (n) — in IVLIANVS II: Imperium, ch. 12
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Frigere · Algere · Algidus · Alsus · Gelidus · Frigus · Gelu · Glacies
Frigere (φρίξαι) means to be cold, in opp. to calere, Cic. Fam. viii. 8. Auct. Her. iv. 15. Sen. Ir. ii. 18; whereas algere (ἀλγεῖν) means to feel cold, in opp. to æstuare. Cic. Tusc. ii. 14, 34. Sen. Ir. iii. 12. Plin. H. N. xvii. 26. 2. Algidus denotes cold, as an unpleasant chill; alsus, as a refreshing coolness. 3. Frigidus denotes a moderate degree of coldness, in opp. to calidus; whereas gelidus means on the point of freezing, in opp. to fervidus. 4. Frigus denotes, objectively, cold in itself, which attacks a man, and leaves him; whereas frigedo denotes cold, subjectively, as the state of a man attacked by cold, which begins and ends; it is an antiquated word which has become obsolete by the general use of frigus. 5. Gelu, gelus, gelum, (γλοία) denote, like κρύος, cold that produces ice; gelicidium, like κρυμός, a single attack of frost, a frosty night; and glacies, like κρύσταλλος, its effect, ice. (iii. 89.)
Declension
| form | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | frīgus | frīgora |
| genitive | frīgoris | frīgorum |
| dative | frīgorī | frīgoribus |
| accusative | frīgus | frīgora |
| ablative | frīgore | frīgoribus |
| vocative | frīgus | frīgora |
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- frigore confici
- to freeze to death.
- frigore (gelu) rigere, torpere
- to be numb with cold.
- aer calore et frigore temperatus
- temperate climate.
- aestus et frigoris patientem esse
- to be able to bear heat and cold.
- tanta vis frigoris insecuta est, ut
- the frost set in so severely that...
frīgus, ŏris, n. Gr. ῥῖγος, cold, ῥιγέω;
the connection with Lat. rĭgeo, rĭgor, is doubtful, Georg Curtius Gr. Etym. 353; Corss. Ausspr. 1, 451, I. cold, coldness, coolness (for syn. cf.: algor, gelu, rigor, glacies, pruina).
I. Lit.
A. In gen. (class.):
nec calor (mihi obsistet) nec frigus metuo, Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 19; so opp. calor, Lucr. 2, 517; 6, 371; Cic. Univ. 14 med.; id. Rosc. Am. 45, 131; Verg. G. 2, 344; 4, 35: calidis torrescere flammis aut ... rigere Frigore, Lucr. 3, 892: cum esset vinctus nudus in aëre, in imbri, in frigore, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 87: vix in ipsis tectis frigus vitatur, id. Fam. 16, 8, 2: fere matutinis temporibus frigus est, coolness, Cels. 2, 1; cf.: frigus captabis opacum, Verg. E. 1, 53; Hor. C. 3, 13, 10; Ov. M. 10, 129: quae frigore sola Dormiat, in the cold night, Tib. 1, 8, 39: cum Appius senatum coegisset, tantum fuit frigus ut coactus sit nos dimittere, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 12, 1.—In plur.: nec frigora quimus usurpare oculis, Lucr. 1, 300: ut tectis saepti frigora caloresque pellamus, the cold, Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 151; cf.: ex verna intemperie variante calores frigoraque, Liv. 22, 2, 10: tecta quibus frigorum vis pellitur, Cic. Off. 2, 4, 13: propter frigora ... frumenta in agris matura non erant, Caes. B. G. 1, 16, 2: Alpinae nives et frigora Rheni, Verg. E. 10, 47: Scythiae, Ov. M. 2, 224: Peligna, Hor. C. 3, 19, 8: matutina, id. S. 2, 6, 45: nocturna, Liv. 40, 22, 7: intolerabilia, id. 21, 58, 1: ficum frigoribus ne serito, in cold weather, Col. 5, 10, 9: quisquam picta colit Spartani frigora saxi, i. e. the variegated cold marble floor, Mart. 1, 56, 5; Tac. Agr. 12; id. G. 16; Suet. Aug. 81.—B. In partic. (poet.).
1. The cold of winter, winter (like calor for summer;
v. calor): lac mihi non aestate novum, non frigore defit, Verg. E. 2, 22: ante focum, si frigus erit, id. ib. 5, 70: quae frigore sola dormiat, Tib. 1, 8, 39: per medium frigus, Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 5.—Plur.: frigoribus parto agricolae plerumque fruuntur, Verg. G. 1, 300: frigoribus mediis, id. E. 10, 65.—2. A chill, fever:
tentatum frigore corpus, Hor. S. 1, 2, 80.—3. The coldness of death, death:
et gelidos artus in leti frigore linquit, Lucr. 3, 401: aeternum leti, id. 4, 924: letale, Ov. M. 2, 611: supremum animae, Stat. S. 3, 3, 20: ast illi solvuntur frigore membra Vitaque cum gemitu fugit, Verg. A. 12, 951 (diff. from the foll.).—4. A cold shudder produced by fear:
extemplo Aeneae solvuntur frigore membra, Ingemit, etc., Verg. A. 1, 92.—II. Transf., a cold region or place:
frigus non habitabile, Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 51: et quodcumque jacet sub urbe frigus, Mart. 4, 64, 14.—III. Trop. (cf. frigeo and frigidus, II.; not in Cic.).
A. Coldness in action, inactivity: si Parthi vos nihil calfaciunt, nos hic frigore frigescimus, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6, 5; Ov. F. 2, 856.—
B. A cold or frigid reception of a person or thing, esp. a discourse; coolness, coldness, indifference, disfavor (perh. not ante-Aug.):
majorum ne quis amicus Frigore te feriat, coolness, loss of favor, Hor. S. 2, 1, 62; cf.: Montanus Julius et amicitia Tiberii notus et frigore, Sen. Ep. 122: et imperitia et rusticitas et rigor et deformitas afferunt interim frigus, Quint. 6, 1, 37; Plin. Ep. 6, 15, 4; Quint. 5, 7, 31: illud quaestionum et argumentorum apud corrupta judicia frigus evitant, id. 2, 12, 6.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
frīgus oris, n
FRIG-, cold, coldness, coolness, chilliness : patientia frigoris: frigus operiri, S.: opacum, V.: amabile, H.: tantum fuit frigus ut, etc.: ad magnitudinem frigorum remedium: propter frigora frumenta matura non erant, frost , Cs. — The cold of winter, winter, frost : Lac mihi non frigore defit, V.: Ante focum, si frigus erit, V.: Per medium frigus, H.: loca remissioribus frigoribus, Cs.: intolerabilia frigora, L.— A chill, fever, ague : temptatum frigore corpus, H.: qui Frigus conlegit, H.— The coldness of death, death : letale, O.: illi solvuntur frigore membra, V.— A cold shudder : Aeneae solvuntur frigore membra; Ingemit, etc., V.— A cold region, cold place : non habitabile, O.—Fig., slowness, inactivity , O.— A cold reception, coolness, indifference, disfavor : ne quis Frigore te feriat, H.
Origins
From Proto-Italic *srīgos, from Proto-Indo-European *sríHgos. Cognate with Ancient Greek ῥῖγος (rhîgos).
Balkano-Romance
- Romanianfrig
- Aromanianfrig
- Megleno-Romanianfrig
Insular Romance
- Sardinianfrigus
In English words that came into English from frīgus
- frigidfrīgidus
- refrigerationrefrigero
- refrigerantrefrīgerāns
- frigorificfrīgorificus
- frigophobiafrīgus