fleō
Meaning
- intransitiveto weep, cry
Horatius, Ars Poetica
If you wish me to cry, you yourself must first be grieved. - transitiveto lament, bewail, grieve for
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
lacrimās fundō.lacrimās fundōlacrimō, lūgeōChoosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Lacrimare · Plorare · Flere · Lamentari · Ejulare · Deflere · Deplorare
1. Lacrimare (from δάκρυ) denotes the physical consequence of a certain emotion of the mind, whether joyful or sorrowful, like δακρύειν, to shed tears; whereas plorare (from pluere) denotes a passionate expression of grief, like θρηνεῖν, to wail and cry. Between the two stands flere (φλέω) in opp. to ridere, partaking of the passionless feeling denoted by lacrimare, and of the feeling of grief denoted by plorare, like κλαίειν, to weep. Sen. Ep. 63. Nec sicci sint oculi amisso amico, nec fluant; lacrimandum est, non plorandum. 2. Lamentari and ejulare denote a higher degree of ploratus; but lamentatio (from κλαῦμα?) is, like κωκύειν, a longer continued wailing; ejulare (from εἶα) a wailing interrupted by cries and sobs, like ὀλολύζειν. 3. Plorare and flere are intransitive verbs, as to weep; deplorare and deflere transitive, as to deplore.
Conjugation conjugation 2
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | fleō | flēbam | flēbō | flēvī | flēveram flēram | flēverō flērō |
| 2nd sg. | flēs | flēbās | flēbis | flēvistī flēstī | flēverās flērās | flēveris flēris |
| 3rd sg. | flet | flēbat | flēbit | flēvit flēt | flēverat flērat | flēverit flērit |
| 1st pl. | flēmus | flēbāmus | flēbimus | flēvimus flēmus | flēverāmus flērāmus | flēverimus flērimus |
| 2nd pl. | flētis | flēbātis | flēbitis | flēvistis flēstis | flēverātis flērātis | flēveritis flēritis |
| 3rd pl. | flent | flēbant | flēbunt | flēvērunt flērunt, flēvēre | flēverant flērant | flēverint flērint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | fleam | flērem | flēverim flērim | flēvissem flēssem |
| 2nd sg. | fleās | flērēs | flēverīs flērīs | flēvissēs flēssēs |
| 3rd sg. | fleat | flēret | flēverit flērit | flēvisset flēsset |
| 1st pl. | fleāmus | flērēmus | flēverīmus flērīmus | flēvissēmus flēssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | fleātis | flērētis | flēverītis flērītis | flēvissētis flēssētis |
| 3rd pl. | fleant | flērent | flēverint flērint | flēvissent flēssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | fleor | flēbar | flēbor |
| 2nd sg. | flēris flēre | flēbāris flēbāre | flēberis flēbere |
| 3rd sg. | flētur | flēbātur | flēbitur |
| 1st pl. | flēmur | flēbāmur | flēbimur |
| 2nd pl. | flēminī | flēbāminī | flēbiminī |
| 3rd pl. | flentur | flēbantur | flēbuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | flear | flērer |
| 2nd sg. | fleāris fleāre | flērēris flērēre |
| 3rd sg. | fleātur | flērētur |
| 1st pl. | fleāmur | flērēmur |
| 2nd pl. | fleāminī | flērēminī |
| 3rd pl. | fleantur | flērentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | flē | flēre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | flēte | flēminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | flētō | flētor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | flētō | flētor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | flētōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | flentō | flentor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | flēre | flērī |
| perfect infinitive | flēvisse flēsse | flētum esse |
| future infinitive | flētūrum esse | flētum īrī |
| present participle | flēns flente, flentem, flentēs, flentī, flentia, flentibus, flentis, flentīs, flentium | — |
| perfect participle | — | flētus flēta, flētā, flētae, flētam, flētārum, flētās, flētī, flētōrum, flētōs |
| future participle | flētūrus flētūra, flētūrā, flētūrae, flētūram, flētūrārum, flētūrās, flētūre, flētūrī, flētūrīs, flētūrō, flētūrōrum, flētūrōs, flētūrum | flendus |
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- magno cum fletu
- with many tears.
- fletum cohibere non posse
- to be hardly able to restrain one's tears.
- lacrimas or fletum alicui movere
- to move to tears.
flēmus, Prop. 2, 7, 2; cf. Lachm. ad Lucr. p. 291: flērunt, Verg. G. 4, 461; Stat. S. 2, 1, 175: flēsset, id. ib. 145: flēsse, Ov. M. 6, 404; Liv. 30, 44, 7), v. n. and a. [for flev-o, root φλυ-; Gr. φλύω, to bubble up, etc.; L. fluo, fluvius, etc.; cf. Georg Curtius Gr. Etym. p. 301 sq.]. fleo, quia dijungimur, Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 18: quin fles, id. Ps. 1, 1, 73: nimium haec flet, id. Mil. 4, 8, 14: ne fle, mulier! id. Ep. 4, 2, 31: quid fles, Asterie? Hor. C. 3, 7, 1: ille me complexus atque osculans flere prohibebat, Cic. Rep. 6, 14 fin.: haec cum pluribus verbis flens a Caesare peteret, Caes. B. G. 1, 20, 5; cf. id. ib. 7, 26, 3; id. B. C. 1, 76, 1; 3, 98, 2: deceptus quoniam flevit et ipse, deus, Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 54: felix qui potuit praesenti flere puellae, before, in the presence of, Prop. 1, 12, 15; cf. Tib. 1, 10, 64: o multa fleturum caput! Hor. Epod. 5, 74: lapides mehercule omnes flere et lamentari coëgisses, Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 245.—Pass. impers.: ad sepulcrum venimus: in ignem posita est: fletur, Ter. And. 1, 1, 102: minus est, quod flendum meo nomine quam quod gaudendum illius est, Quint. 6 praef. § 8; so id. 6, 2, 3; 11, 1, 52.—equorum greges comperit ubertim flere, Suet. Caes. 81.—uberibus flent omnia guttis, Lucr. 1, 349: flevit in templis ebur, Sen. Thyest. 702: imber, Prud. Cath. 5, 24.unicum (filium) mater, Cat. 39, 5: parentes Troĭlon, Hor. C. 2, 9, 17: Gygen, id. ib. 3, 7, 1; amissas amicitias, Cat. 96, 4: * Pisonem eis verbis flens meum casum vexavit, Cic. Sest. 28, 60: filii necem, Tac. A. 6, 10; 2, 71: suam vicem, Curt. 10, 5, 21: servitutem tristem, Phaedr. 1, 2, 6: amissum conjugem, Just. 28, 4, 4: fidem mutatosque deos, Hor. C. 1, 5, 6: moechos arrogantes, id. ib. 1, 25, 10: catellam raptam sibi, id. Ep. 1, 17, 56: amorem testudine, id. Epod. 14, 11: feralia carmina, to sing, Col. poët. 10, 350: virum, Sen. Contr. 2, 11, 1: amissum fratrem, id. ib. 4, 29, 8: adlatum ad se Pompeii caput, id. ib. 10, 32, 1.—In part. perf.: multum fleti ad superos, bewailed, lamented, Verg. A. 6, 481; Stat. Th. 4, 103.—agmina septem Flebis in aeterno surda jacere situ, Prop. 1, 7, 18; Val. Fl. 1, 633.—Hence, flē-tus, a, um, P. a., weeping: mater fleta et lacrimosa, App. M. 7, p. 199 fin. (but in Lucr. 2, 631 the correct read. is sanguinolenti).Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
Origins
From Proto-Italic *flēō, from earlier *flējō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₁- (“to bleat, cry”).