“press” in Latin

To squeeze, impose constraint, premere (in nearly all the senses of the English word): comprimere (to press together): exprimere (to press out): imprimere (to press in or upon anything, aliquid alicui rei or in re): niti, vergere (to press with its weight upon a body; against anything, in aliquid; Vid: Plin., 2, 65, 65): urere (to cause pain by pressing; to pinch, as a shoe): vexare: pungere: cruciare (to oppress, harass). To press a person’s hand, manum alicujus prensare: to press a kiss upon anybody’s lips, alicui or alicujus labris basium imprimere (poetical); osculum alicui applicare (poetical): to press anybody to one’s bosom, aliquem premere ad pectus or ad corpus suum (poetical); aliquem arctius complecti, aliquem amplexi (to embrace): to be pressed to death in a crowd, prae turba elidi exanimarique.

To urge, premere aliquem (general term): urgere aliquem, or absolutely (to urge or press hard): instare alicui, or absolutely (to press close upon the heels; all these three especially as military terms of pressing an enemy): vexare (to harass, annoy, attack, etc., on different sides; also as a military term): propellere (to drive forward). To press the enemy in front and in rear, hostem a fronte et a tergo urgere: to be hard pressed, in angustias adductum esse; in angustias esse or versari; acriter urgeri (by creditors): when the creditors pressed hard, instantibus creditoribus: necessity pressed him, necessitas eum premebat: to press one’s self upon anybody, se ingerere or se obtrudere alicui; se venditare alicui: to be pressed for time or by business, multis occupationibus distineri.

To try earnestly to persuade, petere ab aliquo: contendere a aliquo, ut: instare (absolutely or with infinitive, or with ut, ne): sollicitare aliquem ad aliquid, or with ut. To press anybody earnestly, summe contendere ab aliquo (e.g., cum a me peteret, et summe contenderet, ut suum propinquum defenderem, Cic.): Hortensius presses you to confer, etc., tibi instat Hortensius ut eas in consilium, etc.: if you press him, te instante.

To act upon with weight, make smooth by compression, put anything in a press, prelo premere: to press grapes, uvas in torcular deferre prelisque subjicere, ut quantum possit exprimatur (Col. 12, 52, 10): to press clothes, vestes ponderibus premere (Sen.); cloth, *pannum ponderibus premere (after Sen.): *pannum prelo bene solidare (Bau.).

To force, constrain; to press sailors, nautas vi comparare (after Caes., B.G., 3, 9, in.): remiges in supplementum extrahere (after Liv., 26, 36, extr.).

Instrument by which anything is pressed, prelum (general term); torculum, torcular (for grapes, etc.): tormemum (for clothes; Sen., Tranq., 1, 3; later, pressorium). To put clothes in a press, vestes ponderibus premere (Sen.): the beam of a press, arbor vectis: press-room, torcular; cella torcularia.

Instrument for printing; printing, prelum (general term). To send a book to press, *librum litterarum formis exscribendum curare: *librum prelo subjicere: *librum edere (to publish): to be in the press, *sub prelo esse (☞ not sub prelo sudare); *litterarum formis exscribi; *prelum exercere or subiisse: a book fresh from the press, liber adhuc musteus (Plin.): to come from the press, *prodire ex officina typographica; edi; emitti: a sheet that has passed through the press, *plagula typis exscripta: to have passed through the press, *prelum reliquisse: error of the press, *mendum typographicum (when a wrong letter is used, etc.): *erratum typographicum (if a wrong word is put, as Cic., Att., 6, 1, 17, erratum fabrile; post-Augustan error; Vid: Quint., 1, 5, 47): *peccatum typographi (as a fault of the compositor, Cic., Tusc., 3, 20, 47, paucis verbis tria magna peccata): *vitium typographicum (a blunder destroying the sense; Vid: Quint., 1, 5, 5 sq.): a book disfigured by errors of the press, *liber mendosus or mendose descriptus: a book free from errors of the press, *liber emendate descriptus or ab omnibus mendis purus.

Act of printing and publishing; e.g., the liberty of the press, *libertas sentiendi, quae velis, et quae sentias litterarum formis exscribendi; or *libertas, quae sentias, litterarum formis describendi: in a republic the freedom of the press is a first principle, etc., in civitate sentire quae velis, et quae sentias litterarum formis exscribere licet (after Tac., Hist., 1, 1, 4): in a free country the freedom of the press should be conceded, in libera civitate linguam mentemque liberas esse oportet.