verbthird conjugation
pungō
pungō (present infinitive pungere, perfect active pupugī or pepugī, supine pūnctum)
Classical[ˈpʊŋ.ɡoː]Ecclesiastical[ˈpuŋ.ɡo]
Meaning
- to prick; to puncture; to sting
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Pungere · Stimulare
Pungere means to thrust at with any pointed instrument, in order to inflict a wound or occasion pain; whereas stimulare, with a sharp-pointed or penetrating instrument, in order, by inflicting pain, to rouse to watchfulness and activity. (vi. 292.)
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | pungō | pungēbam | pungam | pupugī pepugī | pupugeram pepugeram | pupugerō pepugerō |
| 2nd sg. | pungis | pungēbās | pungēs | pupugistī pepugistī | pupugerās pepugerās | pupugeris pepugeris |
| 3rd sg. | pungit | pungēbat | punget | pupugit pepugit | pupugerat pepugerat | pupugerit pepugerit |
| 1st pl. | pungimus | pungēbāmus | pungēmus | pupugimus pepugimus | pupugerāmus pepugerāmus | pupugerimus pepugerimus |
| 2nd pl. | pungitis | pungēbātis | pungētis | pupugistis pepugistis | pupugerātis pepugerātis | pupugeritis pepugeritis |
| 3rd pl. | pungunt | pungēbant | pungent | pupugērunt pupugēre, pepugērunt, pepugēre | pupugerant pepugerant | pupugerint pepugerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | pungam | pungerem | pupugerim pepugerim | pupugissem pepugissem |
| 2nd sg. | pungās | pungerēs | pupugerīs pepugerīs | pupugissēs pepugissēs |
| 3rd sg. | pungat | pungeret | pupugerit pepugerit | pupugisset pepugisset |
| 1st pl. | pungāmus | pungerēmus | pupugerīmus pepugerīmus | pupugissēmus pepugissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | pungātis | pungerētis | pupugerītis pepugerītis | pupugissētis pepugissētis |
| 3rd pl. | pungant | pungerent | pupugerint pepugerint | pupugissent pepugissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | pungor | pungēbar | pungar |
| 2nd sg. | pungeris pungere | pungēbāris pungēbāre | pungēris pungēre |
| 3rd sg. | pungitur | pungēbātur | pungētur |
| 1st pl. | pungimur | pungēbāmur | pungēmur |
| 2nd pl. | pungiminī | pungēbāminī | pungēminī |
| 3rd pl. | punguntur | pungēbantur | pungentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | pungar | pungerer |
| 2nd sg. | pungāris pungāre | pungerēris pungerēre |
| 3rd sg. | pungātur | pungerētur |
| 1st pl. | pungāmur | pungerēmur |
| 2nd pl. | pungāminī | pungerēminī |
| 3rd pl. | pungantur | pungerentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | punge | pungere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | pungite | pungiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | pungitō | pungitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | pungitō | pungitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | pungitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | punguntō | punguntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | pungere | pungī |
| perfect infinitive | pupugisse pepugisse | pūnctum esse |
| future infinitive | pūnctūrum esse | pūnctum īrī |
| present participle | pungēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | pūnctus pūncta, pūnctā, pūnctae, pūnctam, pūnctārum, pūnctās, pūncte, pūnctī, pūnctīs, pūnctō, pūnctōrum, pūnctōs |
| future participle | pūnctūrus pūnctūra, pūnctūrā, pūnctūrae, pūnctūram, pūnctūrārum, pūnctūrās, pūnctūre, pūnctūrī, pūnctūrīs, pūnctūrō, pūnctūrōrum, pūnctūrōs, pūnctūrum | pungendus pungundus, pungenda, pungendā, pungendae, pungendam, pungendārum, pungendās, pungende, pungendīs, pungendōrum, pungendōs, pungunda, pungundā, pungundae, pungundam, pungundārum, pungundās, pungunde, pungundī, pungundīs, pungundō, pungundōrum, pungundōs, pungundum |
gerundpungendī, pungendō, pungendumsupinepūnctum, pūnctū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- puncto temporis
- in an instant.
- multa (pauca) puncta in centuria (tribu) aliqua ferre
- to obtain many (few) votes in a century or tribe.
pungo, pŭpŭgi, punctum, 3 (old
I. fut. perf. pepugero, Att. ap. Gell. 7, 9, 10; perf. punxi, acc. to Diom. p. 369 P.:
pupungi, in pungit, punxit, pupungit, Not. Tir. p. 131; scanned pŭpūgi, Prud. στεφ. 9, 59), v. a. root pug-, to thrust, strike, whence also pugil, pugnus; Gr. πύξ, etc., to prick, puncture (class.). I. Lit.:
aliquem, Cic. Sest. 10, 24: acu comatoriā mihi malas pungebat, Petr. 21: vulnus quod acu punctum videretur, Cic. Mil. 24, 65.—B. Transf. *
1. To pierce into, penetrate, enter:
corpus, Lucr. 2, 460 (v. the passage in connection).—2. To affect sensibly, to sting, bite: ut pungat colubram: cum pupugerit, etc., Varr. ap. Prisc. p. 894 P.:
pungunt sensum, Lucr. 4, 625: aliquem manu, to pinch, Petr. 87 fin.: nitrum adulteratum pungit, has a pungent taste, Plin. 31, 10, 46, § 114.—3. To press, hasten:
futura pungunt, nec se superari sinunt, Pub. Syr. v. 177 Rib.—II. Trop., to prick, sting, vex, grieve, trouble, disturb, afflict, mortify, annoy, etc.:
scrupulus aliquem stimulat ac pungit, Cic. Rosc. Am. 2, 6: epistula illa ita me pupugit, ut somnum mihi ademerit, id. Att. 2, 16, 1: jamdudum meum ille pectus pungit aculeus, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 158: pungit me, quod scribis, etc., Cic. Fam. 7, 15, 1: si paupertas momordit, si ignominia pupugit, id. Tusc. 3, 34, 82: quos tamen pungit aliquid, id. ib. 5, 35, 102: odi ego, quos numquam pungunt suspiria somnos, Prop. 3, 8 (4, 7), 27. —Hence, punctus, a, um, P. a., pricked in, like a point; hence, of time: puncto tempore (cf.: puncto temporis; v. infra), in an instant, in a moment (only in Lucr.), Lucr. 2, 263; 456; 1006; 4, 216; 6, 230.—Hence, subst. in two forms. I. punctum, i, n., that which is pricked or pricked in, a point, small hole, puncture.
B. Transf.
1. A point, small spot (as if made by pricking):
ova punctis distincta, Plin. 10, 52, 74, § 144: gemma sanguineis punctis, id. 37, 8, 34, § 113: puncta quae terebrantur acu, Mart. 11, 46, 2: ferream frontem convulnerandam praebeant punctis, i. e. with the marks of slavery, Plin. Pan. 35.—b. In partic.
(a). A point made in writing, Aus. Epigr. 35, 1; 145, 5;
as a punctuation mark, Diom. p. 432 P.—(b). A mathematical point. Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 116.—
(g). A point or spot on dice: quadringenis in punctum sestertiis aleam lusit, Suet. Ner. 30; Aus. Prof. 1, 29.—
(d). A point or dot as the sign of a vote, made in a waxen tablet, before the introduction of separate ballots;
hence, transf., a vote, suffrage, ballot, Cic. Planc. 22, 53; id. Mur. 34, 72; id. Tusc. 2, 26, 62.—Hence, poet., applause, approbation: omne tulit punctum qui miscuit utile dulci, Hor. A. P. 343: discedo Alcaeus puncto illius, id. Ep. 2, 2, 99; Aus. Grat. Act. ad Grat. 5.—(ε) A point on the bar of a steelyard, indicating the weight: diluis helleborum, certo compescere puncto nescius examen, Pers. 5, 100.—2. A small part of any thing divided or measured off, e.g.,
a. A small weight, Pers. 5, 100.—
b. A small liquid measure, Front. Aquaed. 25.—
c. A small portion of time, an instant, a moment (cf. momentum):
puncto temporis eodem, in the same moment, Cic. Sest. 24, 53; cf.: ne punctum quidem temporis, id. Phil. 8, 7, 20; Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 7: nullo puncto temporis intermisso, id. N. D. 1, 20, 52; Caes. B. C. 2, 14.—In plur.: omnibus minimis temporum punctis, Cic. N. D. 1, 24, 67: animi discessus a corpore fit ad punctum temporis, id. Tusc. 1, 34, 82: temporis puncto omnes Uticam relinquunt, Caes. B. C. 2, 25 fin.; Plin. Pan. 56: horae, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 172: diei, Lucr. 4, 201.—Rarely absol.: punctum est quod vivimus et adhuc puncto minus, Sen. Ep. 49, 14, 3: puncto brevissimo dilapsa domus, App. M. 9, p. 235, 30; cf.: quod momentum, quod immo temporis punctum, aut beneficio sterile aut vacuum laude, Plin. Pan. 56, 2; Vulg. Isa. 54, 7.—d. In space, a point:
ipsa terra ita mihi parva visa est, ut me imperii nostri, quo quasi punctum ejus attingimus, poeniteret, Cic. Rep. 6, 16, 16.—e. In discourse, a small portion, brief clause, short section, Cic. Par. prooem. § 2; id. de Or. 2, 41, 177; Aus. Idyll. 12 prooem.—
II. puncta, ae, f. (very rare), a prick, puncture, Veg. Mil. 1, 12.
Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
pungō pupugī, punctus, ere
PIC-, to prick, puncture : neminem.— To produce by pricking, make by a thrust : volnus acu punctum.—Fig., to prick, sting, vex, grieve, trouble, disturb, afflict, mortify, annoy : (scrupulus) se dies noctīsque pungit: si paupertas momordit, si ignominia pupugit: quos tamen pungit aliquid: pungit me, quod scribis, etc., I am annoyed by , etc.
Origins
From Proto-Italic *pungō (with punctus for *puctus after pungō), from Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ- (“prick, punch”). Near cognates include Ancient Greek πυγμή (pugmḗ, “fist”). Related to pugnus.
Elsewhere
- Frenchpoindrefrom Old French poindre
- Englishpunch
- Sardinianpúnghere
- Sardinianpunghere
- Old Frenchpuindre
- Middle Englishpoynenfrom Old French poindre
- Sicilianpùnciri
Eastern
- Romanianîmpunge
- Romanianîmpungere
- Romanianpunge
- Aromanianpungu
- Aromanianpundziri
- Megleno-Romanianpung
Iberian
- Spanishpungirfrom Old Spanish puñir
- Spanishpuñirfrom Old Spanish puñir
- Portuguesepungir
- Asturiansupuñir
Old Occitan
- Occitanpónher
- Occitanpónger
- Catalanpunyirfrom Old Catalan púnyer
Italo-Dalmatian
- Italianpungere
In English words that came into English from pungō
- punchpunctio
- pointpūnctum
- poignantpungō
- pungentpungens
- bungpunctus
- pugilistpugil
- expungeexpungere
- interpunctinterpunctus
- puncheonpunctio
- compunctioncompunctionem
- punctuatepūnctuātus
- pungencepungēns
- pugilismpugil
- pourpointperpunctum
- pontopunctum
- interpunctioninterpunctio