“disease” in Latin

morbus: aegrotatio (“morbum appellant totius corporis corruptionem, aegrotationem morbum cum imbecillitate,” Cic., Tusc., 4, 13; morbum is the general term for the change that constitutes disease as opposed to health, and is chiefly objective; aegrotatio is more subjective, relating to the suffering of the individual; morbum is not necessarily felt, the cause may not have produced its effect; but aegrotatio must be felt; it is a suffering state. Both may be used IMPROP.; but aegrotatio seldom is. Pliny uses aegrotatio of plants, 17, 24, 37; ☞ ut aegrotatio in corpore, sic aegritudo in animo; it must not, therefore be used of bodily disease): causa (as medical technical term, that which produces an illness; e.g., sani - tantam causam metuentes, Cels., 3, 3. So Sen., Plin., etc.): valetudo (PROP., “the state of anybody’s health;” so that infirma, adversa, aegra must be added, unless “bad health” is implied from the context; e.g., angit me Fanniae valetudo. Contraxit hanc, dum, etc., Plin., Ep., 7, 19, init.). ☞ Invaletudo is rather “indisposition;” but in Cic., Orelli has substituted valetudo for it from Codd. Vid: his note on Att., 7, 2, l. A contagious disease, contagio: morbus, qui contagione ipsa vulgatur (after Liv., 3, 6, 3; ministeria in vicem ac contagio ipsa vulgabant morbos): lues (of a pestilential character): an epidemic disease, pestilentia (pestis, poetical): a trifling disease, morbus levis: a severe disease, morbus gravis: a dangerous disease, morbus periculosus: not dangerous, but tedious, non periculosus sed longus: an hereditary disease, *morbus patrius (inherited from a father; e.g., pedum dolor, Plin., Ep., 1, 12, 4); *morbus, qui per successionem quandam traditur (after Plin., Ep., 1, 12, 4; plerumque morbi per successiones quasdam, ut alia, traduntur): diseases that return periodically (i. e., at the same season of the year), valetudines certo tempore recurrentes: to be subject to periodical diseases (of the bowels, etc.), commoveri statis temporibus (alvo, capite, etc., Plin.). To be suffering from disease, aegrotare (opposed to valere); aegrotum esse; in morbo esse; morbo laborare or affectum esse; morbo vexari or conflictari; iniqua valetudine conflictari; aegro corpore esse; infirma atque aegra valetudine esse: to be suffering severely from disease, graviter or gravi morbo aegrotum esse: to be suffering from a disease that is likely to end fatally, aegrotare mortifere; mortifero morbo affectum esse; novissima valetudine conflictari: to fall ill of a disease, in morbum cadere, incidere, delabi (all Cic.): to be ill of a disease; Vid: “to be ill :” to die of a disease, morbo (aliquo) mori; a morbo perire; in morbum implicitum [accusative agreeing with person] mori or decedere: to be carried off by a disease, morbo opprimi (Cic.), absumi (Sall.), consumi, confici (Sall.), or perire (Nep.): to cure a disease, morbo mederi; morbo curationem adhibere (PROP. to treat it); morbum depellere: to remove the cause of a disease, morbum evellere: to recover from a disease, ex morbo convalescere; ex morbo recreari: vires recolligere; morbo defungi; ex morbo evadere: a disease increases, morbus gravescit, aggravescit or ingravescit; morbus crescit; morbus or valetudo increscit morbus fit amplior; morbus superat or praevalet (is getting beyond the possibility of cure): is diminishing, morbus minuitur, senescit; levior esse coepit: is stationary, morbus consistit, subsistit or quiescit; leaves me, morbus decedit a me; returns, repetit; varies, morbus variat; is spreading itself among the lower orders, vis morbi vagatur per ignota capita.

Disease of plants, morbus (e.g., even trees have their diseases, infestantur etiam arbores morbis) :aegrotatio :aegritudo: malum: vitium (all Plin., 17, 24, 37). The disease affects the roots, in radices erumpit vis morbi; the extremities (of the boughs), vis morbi erumpit in cacuminum digitos, qui longissime a toto corpore exeunt (Plin.; comparing it, however with the human body): diseases peculiar to fig-trees, peculiaria fici vitia (Plin.): figs are the most liable to this disease, maxime id fici sentiunt: liable to a disease, morbo alicui obnoxius: this disease is occasioned by close, damp weather, nascitur hoc vitium tepore humido et lento (Plin.): to suffer from a disease, aliquo morbo laborare: aliquid vitium sentire.

morbum alicui inferre or incutere; aliquem valetudine tentare (e.g., of an unhealthy autumn). To be diseased, aegrotare, aegrotum esse, etc. [Vid: “to be suffering from DISEASE.”] To be diseased in mind, ab animo aegrum esse; animus aegrotat: miserum esse ex animo (of wretchedness; Plaut., Trin., 2, 3, 6).

DISEASED, aeger (general term for every sort of illness or uneasiness, whether of body or mind; also of plants; and IMPROP., of the state, etc.) :aegrotus (actually ill; Döderlein is wrong in confining it to the body only; aegrotus animus, Ter.; aegrota respublica, Cic.): morbidus (very rare; of animals and things; apes, Varr.; corpus, Plin.; pars, Lucr.): affectus valetudine. (The words are found in this connection and order.) invalidus et aeger :aeger atque invalidus: infirmus atque aeger: a disease (state of the) commonwealth, aegra, or aegra sauciaque or aegrota respublica: disease in mind, aeger animo: a diseased mind, aeger animus (Sall., Liv.); saucius animus (Cic., Att., 1, 17, 1): the diseased parts, affectae partes (e.g., oris: opposed to integrae, Cels.).