noun · masculinesecond declension
morbus
morbus m (genitive morbī)
Classical[ˈmɔr.bʊs]Ecclesiastical[ˈmɔr.bus]
№ 658 of the 1,000 commonest wordsMille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- masculinea disease, illness, malady, sickness, disorder, distemper, ailment
Cur anni tempora morbos adportant?
Why do the seasons of the year bring maladies?c. 99 BCE – 55 BCE, Lucretius, De rerum natura 5.220‘pelle procul morbōs; valeant hominēsque gregēsque,
‘‘Drive diseases far away; may both men and flocks be healthy, and healthy too the watching dogs, that foreseeing pack.’’ (A shepherd’s prayer to Pales.)8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 4.763–764 - masculinea fault, vice, failing
- masculinesorrow, grief, distress
- masculinedeath
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
malum corporis; quī morbum habet, aeger est.morbus -ī m — in Mille Verba, Corpus Hūmānum
mala valētūdōmorbus -ī (m) — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 21
mala valētūdō, aegritūdōmorbus -ī (m) — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 2
cum corpus aegrum estmorbus -ī (m) — in Metamorphoses I, †
illness
morbus — in Seneca, ch. II
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Æger · Ægrotus · Morbidus · Morbus · Valetudo · Invaletudo
1. Æger is the generic term for every sort of illness and uneasiness, whether mental or physical; ægrotus and morbidus indicate bodily illness: ægrotus is applied particularly to men; morbidus, to brutes: the æger feels himself ill; the ægrotus and morbidus actually are so. 2. Morbus and valetudo denote an actual illness; morbus, objectively, that which attacks men; valetudo, subjectively, the state of the sick, though this distinction was introduced by writers of the silver age; invaletudo means only an indisposition. (iv. 172.)
Declension
| form | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | morbus | morbī |
| genitive | morbī | morbōrum |
| dative | morbō | morbīs |
| accusative | morbum | morbōs |
| ablative | morbō | morbīs |
| vocative | morbe | morbī |
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- morbo afflīgi
- to be laid on a bed of sickness.
- simulare morbum
- to pretend to be ill.
- in morbum incidit
- he fell ill.
- morbus ingravescit
- the disease gets worse.
- dissimulare morbum
- to pretend not to be ill.
- morbo tentari or corripi
- to be attacked by disease.
- excusare morbum, valetudinem
- to plead ill-health as an excuse for absence.
- morbo perire, absūmi, consūmi
- to die a natural death.
5 more phrases
- morbo absūmi (Sall. Iug. 5. 6)
- to be carried off by a disease.
- e gravi morbo recreari or se colligere
- to recruit oneself after a severe illness.
- ex morbo convalescere (not reconvalescere)
- to recover from a disease.
- valetudinem (morbum) excusare (Liv. 6. 22. 7)
- to excuse oneself on the score of health.
- gravi morbo affectum esse, conflictari, vexari
- to be seriously ill.
morbus, i, m. Sanscr. mar-, die; Gr. βροτός (for μροτός), μαραίνω; cf. morior, marceo,
I. a sickness, disease, disorder, distemper, ailment, illness, malady, of body or mind (class.).
I. Corporeal:
morbum appellant totius corporis corruptionem: aegrotationem morbum cum imbecillitate: vitium cum partes corporis inter se dissident: ex quo pravitas membrorum, distortio, deformitas, Cic. Tusc. 4, 13, 28: morbus est habitus cujusque corporis contra naturam, qui usum ejus facit deteriorem, Labeo ap. Gell. 4, 2, 3: morbi aegrotationesque, Cic. Tusc. 4, 10, 23: aeger morbo gravi, id. Cat. 1, 13, 31: in morbo esse, to be sick, id. Tusc. 3, 4, 9: morbo affectum esse, id. Div. 1, 30, 63: corporis gravioribus morbis vitae jucunditas impeditur, id. Fin. 1, 18, 59: animi valentes morbo tentari non possunt, corpora possunt, id. Tusc. 4, 14, 31: affligi, id. Pis. 35, 85: urgeri, id. Fat. 9, 17: tabescere, id. N. D. 3, 35, 84: languere, Lucr. 6, 1221: conflictari, Nep. Dion. 2, 4: in morbum cadere, to fall sick, Cic. Tusc. 1, 32, 79: incidere, id. Clu. 62, 175: delabi, id. Att. 7, 5, 1: morbum nancisci, Nep. Att. 21, 1: morbo consumi, id. Reg. 2, 1: perire, id. ib. 3, 3: mori, id. Them. 10, 4: absumi, Sall. J. 5, 6: confici, id. ib. 9, 4: opprimi, Cic. Clu. 7, 22: homo aeger morbo gravi, id. Cat. 1, 13, 31: ex morbo convalescere, to recover, id. Fam. 13, 29, 4: a morbo valere, Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 26: morbum depellere, Cic. Fam. 7, 26, 2: levare, to alleviate, relieve, Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 57: amplior fit, becomes more violent, Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 50: adgravescit, id. ib. 3, 2, 2: ingravescit, Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 31: comitialis or major, epilepsy, Cels. 3, 23: regius, the jaundice, id. 3, 24: in morbo consumat, a form of imprecation, may he spend it (the money) in sickness, Sen. Ben. 4, 39, 2.—II. Mental.
A. Disease, a fault, vice, etc.: animi morbi sunt cupiditates immensae, et inanes, divitiarum, etc., Cic. Fin. 1, 18, 59:
morbum et insaniam, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 1: nomen insaniae significat mentis aegrotationem et morbum, id. Tusc. 3, 4, 9: hic morbus qui est in re publicā, ingravescet, id. Cat. 1, 13, 31: ut, si qui aegrotet, quo morbo Barrus, Hor. S. 1, 6, 30: maxima pars hominum morbo jactatur eodem, id. ib. 2, 3, 121: qui vultu morbum incessuque fatetur, Juv. 2, 17.—B. Grief, sorrow, distress:
quod mulier facere incepit, nisi id efficere perpetrat, Id illi morbo, id illi senio est, affliction, distress, Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 12; cf.: salvere me jubes, quoi tu abiens offers morbum? id. As. 3, 3, 3.—III. Trop., of trees, plants, etc.:
infestantur namque et arbores morbis, a disease, Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 116 al.—IV. Morbus, personified as a deity, the son of Erebus and Nox, Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 44; Hyg. Fab. praef.; Sen. Herc. Fur. 694; cf. Verg. A. 6, 275; Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 323.
Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
morbus ī, m
1 MAR-, a sickness, disease, disorder, distemper, ailment, illness, malady (of body or mind): Senectus ipsast morbus, T.: Si morbus amplior factus siet, T.: morbo interitura vita, S.: in morbo esse, be sick : adfecti morbis, Cs.: gravis oculorum: morbo tabescere: conflictari, N.: in morbum cadere, fall sick : morbum nancisci, N.: morbo mori, N.: homo aeger morbo gravi: ex morbo convalescere, recover .—Person.: Pallentes Morbi, V.— A disease, fault, vice : animi morbi sunt cupiditates, etc.: hic morbus, qui est in re p., ingravescet: Maxima pars hominum morbo iactatur eodem, H.: voltu morbum fateri, Iu.
Origins
Uncertain. Pokorny, writing in the mid 20th-century, connected the term with Ancient Greek μαραίνω (maraínō), Old Irish meirb, Latin mortārium, and Old Norse merja. In more recent writings, De Vaan suggests a possible connection with Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die”), whence also morior (“to die”). The root may have been extended with a morpheme *-bʰo-, which perhaps also appears in terms such as sorbum or albus, all of which are adjectives relating to appearance. However, De Vaan notes that Proto-Indo-European formation of the shape *mor-bʰo- is unusual. De Vaan suggests a possible relation to Welsh merwydden and Ancient Greek μόρον (móron), both of which derive from a non-Indo-European substrate.
Elsewhere
- Catalanborm
- Catalanmorb
- Catalanmorma
- Frenchmorve
- Italianmorbo
- Portuguesemormofrom Old Galician-Portuguese mormo
- Romanianmorb
- GermanMorbus
- Portuguesemorbo
- Spanishmorbo
Old Spanish
- Spanishmuermo