“debt” in Latin

debitum (general term for every sort of obligation; also a money-debt): pecunia debita (money owed): pecunia credita (money lent): nomen (the debtor’s name as entered in the account-book): the whole debt, solidum: debts, aes alienum (with grande, novum, tantum, etc.): pecuniae debitae (sums owed); pecuniae creditae (sums lent): nomina (sums set down as owed by particular persons): bad debts, nomina impedita (opposed to nomina expedita): a little debt, raudusculum (Cic.; de raudusculo Numeriano multum te amo, Att., 7, 2, 7); also parvum nomen: the extent of his debts, aeris alieni magnitudo: to contract debts, aes alienum facere, contrahere (Cic.), conflare (Sall.): to fall into debt, in aes alienum incidere: to be, or be involved, in debt, aes alienum habere; in aere alieno esse; debere (opposed to in suis nummis versari): to be quite out of debt; to be in debt to nobody, debere nullum nummum nemini: to be deep in debt, aere alieno laborare, or premi; obaeratum esse: to be over head and ears in debt, aere alieno demersum, or obrutum esse; animam debere (Prov., Ter., Phorm., 4, 3, 56): to involve anybody in debt, aliquem aere alieno obstringere deeply, aere alieno obruere aliquem: he is in my debt, in aere meo est (also = he is under obligations to me; Vid: Cic., Div., 13, 62, 1 :15, 14, 1): he has been many years in my debt, multi sunt anni, cum ille in meo aere est: to exact, or call in a debt, nomen exigere: the whole debt, in solidum appellare (Tac., Ann., 6, 17, 1): to discharge or pay debts, debita solvere; nomina dissolvere, exsolvere, or expedire: to free anybody from debt, liberare aliquem aere alieno, or (to free partially) levare aliquem aere alieno: to forgive anybody his debts, pecunias creditas condonare alicui (Cic.): donare alicui aes alienum (Brut., ap. Cic.): to make one’s self liable for the debts of one’s friends, aes alienum amicorum suscipere (Cic., Off., 2, 15, 56): anybody’s PROP. consists of outstanding debts, pecuniam in nominibus habere (Cic.): to apply to anybody for the payment of a debt, debitorem admonere, or *de pecunia debita appellare: to set down a debt (due to one), nomen referre in adversaria (in a daybook): to take measures for recovering a debt, pecuniam persequi; syngraphas suas persequi (debts for which one has a note of hand): to cancel a debt, nomen inducere: pecuniam creditam condonare alicui: to get out of debt, aes alienum solvere, or dissolvere; aere alieno exire: to be unable to pay one’s old debts, in vetere aere alieno vacillare: to pay old debts by contracting new; or, take up money to pay one’s debts, versura solvere or dissolvere (Vid: Nep., Att., 2, 4): the calling in of debts, exactio nominum or pecuniarum: debt-book, tabulae: codex: calendarium (showing the interest due on the Calends of each month). Free from debt, *aere alieno vacuus (having no debts): *aere alieno solutus or liberatus (whose debts have been discharged): to pay the debt of nature (figuratively for to die), debitum naturae reddere (Nep., De Regg., 1, 4): to discharge one’s debt to one’s country, solvo patriae, quod debeo. ☞ OBS. nomina facere is (on the part of the creditor) to set down a debt to be considered due on some future day [☞ Cic., Fam., 7, 23; nomina se facturum, qua ego vellem die]; but probably also on the part of the debtor to engage to pay at some future time (Vid: Schütz, Lex. Cic., nomen). ☞ When “debt” is used figuratively, it is not debitum (except in the phrase “debt of nature”), but officium, or quod debeo, quod meum est.