ārdeō

Meaning

1. to burn (be consumed by fire)
   Augēbant metum prōdigia ex plūribus simul locīs nūntiāta:[…] et Praeneste ārdentēs lapidēs caelō cecidisse,[…]Prodigies from various places announced at the same time increased fear: […] and at Praeneste burning rocks fell from the sky, […]27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 22.1.8–9
   Apparuitque eī Dominus in flammā ignis dē mediō rubī et vidēbat quod rubus ārdēret et nōn conbūrerētur.The Lord appeared to him in a flame of fire from the middle of a bramble bush, and he saw that the bush was burning and not being consumed.c. 347 CE – 420 CE, Hieronymus, Vulgate Exodus.3.2
2. to glow
   Ārdent oculī.His eyes are glowing.c. 200 BCE – 190 BCE, Plautus, Captivi 3.4.62
   Ipse inflammatus scelere et furore in forum venit; ardebant oculi, toto ex ore crudelitas eminebat.He came into the forum, burning with wickedness and rage; his eyes were blazing, and cruelty stood out from his whole face.70 BCE, Cicero, In Verrem 2.5.161
3. poeticto glisten with a feature, usually with a colour
   Ut prīmum ālātīs tetigit māgālia plantīs, Aenēān fundantem arcēs ac tēcta novantem cōnspicit. Atque illī stēllātus iaspide fulvā ēnsis erat, Tyriōque ārdēbat mūrice laena dēmissa ex umerīs, dīvēs quae mūnera DīdōAs soon as he reached the huts with winged heels, Aeneas founding towers and making new houses he watched. And his sword was starred with yellow jasper, and a cloak glistened with Tyrian purple, hung from his shoulder, all gifts which the rich Dido had made, and had interwoven the web with thread of gold.29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.259–264
   […]Tum lātē ferreus hastīsThen, the iron plain shivers far and wide with iron, and the fields glisten with raised weapons.29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 11.601–602
4. figurativelyto burn, be strongly affected with an emotion (not always specified; when it is, most often in the ablative, but also with ad or in)
   Mē miserum! vix sum compos animī, ita ārdeō īrācundiā.Woe is me! I hardly am in control of my soul, so much I burn with anger.160 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Adelphoe 3.2.12
   Turnus ut īnfrāctōs adversō Mārte Latīnōs dēfēcisse videt, sua nunc prōmissa reposcī, sē sīgnārī oculīs, ultrō implācābilis ārdetAs Turnus sees the Latins crushed with Mars turned against them having gotten disheartened, his pledge called back, and himself the mark of every eye, burns moreover implacable and raises his courage.29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 12.1–4
5. figurativelyto be eager
6. figurativelyto be ardently or fervently in love, to burn with (especially romantic) desire
   ārserat Aenēae Dīdō miserābilis igne, ārserat exstructīs in sua fāta rogīs Wretched Dido, she had been burned with her fire for Aeneas; she had been burned on a funeral pyre built for her own death. (In a mere two lines, Ovid vividly summarizes the tragedy of Dido by contrasting two different meanings for the word ārserat.)8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 3.545–546

Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers

Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms

Conjugation conjugation 2

Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book

sol ardet, urit

the sun burns, scorches.

ira ardere (Flacc. 35. 88)

to be fired with rage.

odio or invidia alicuius ardere

to be consumed with hatred.

cupiditate alicuius rei ardere, flagrare

to have an ardent longing for a thing.

omnia bello flagrant or ardent (Fam. 4. 1. 2)

everywhere the torch of war is flaming.

amore captum, incensum, inflammatum esse, ardere

to be fired with love.

studio ardere alicuius or alicuius rei (De Or. 2. 1. 1)

to have enthusiasm for a person or thing.

doloribus premi, angi, ardere, cruciari, distineri et divelli

to feel acute pain.

Origins

From ār(i)dus + -eō. Cf. audeō < avidus. For the supine ārsum compare also audeō : ausum and gaudeō : gāvīsum, in which the i was long. It is possible that this term is cognate with Umbrian aso, the perfect passive participle of an unattested verb which may have been the Umbrian equivalent of this term.

Related words