LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
verbthird conjugation

afflīgō

afflīgō (present infinitive afflīgere, perfect active afflīxī, supine afflīctum)
Classical[afˈfliː.ɡoː]Ecclesiastical[afˈfliː.ɡo]

Meaning

  1. to strike, beat, dash (against); cast or throw down, prostrate
  2. to afflict, damage, injure, crush, break or ruin
  3. to humble, weaken or vex
  4. to overthrow

Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers

quās tempestās frangit et laedit
strike down, damage
afflīgō -ere, -flīxī — in De Bello Gallico III, ch. 2

Conjugation conjugation 3

active indicative
formpresentimperfectfutureperfectpluperfectfut. perfect
1st sg.afflīgōafflīgēbamafflīgamafflīxīafflīxeramafflīxerō
2nd sg.afflīgisafflīgēbāsafflīgēsafflīxistīafflīxerāsafflīxeris
3rd sg.afflīgitafflīgēbatafflīgetafflīxitafflīxeratafflīxerit
1st pl.afflīgimusafflīgēbāmusafflīgēmusafflīximusafflīxerāmusafflīxerimus
2nd pl.afflīgitisafflīgēbātisafflīgētisafflīxistisafflīxerātisafflīxeritis
3rd pl.afflīguntafflīgēbantafflīgentafflīxērunt
afflīxēre		afflīxerantafflīxerint
active subjunctive
active subjunctive
formpresentimperfectperfectpluperfect
1st sg.afflīgamafflīgeremafflīxerimafflīxissem
2nd sg.afflīgāsafflīgerēsafflīxerīsafflīxissēs
3rd sg.afflīgatafflīgeretafflīxeritafflīxisset
1st pl.afflīgāmusafflīgerēmusafflīxerīmusafflīxissēmus
2nd pl.afflīgātisafflīgerētisafflīxerītisafflīxissētis
3rd pl.afflīgantafflīgerentafflīxerintafflīxissent
passive indicative
passive indicative
formpresentimperfectfuture
1st sg.afflīgorafflīgēbarafflīgar
2nd sg.afflīgeris
afflīgere		afflīgēbāris
afflīgēbāre		afflīgēris
afflīgēre
3rd sg.afflīgiturafflīgēbāturafflīgētur
1st pl.afflīgimurafflīgēbāmurafflīgēmur
2nd pl.afflīgiminīafflīgēbāminīafflīgēminī
3rd pl.afflīgunturafflīgēbanturafflīgentur
passive subjunctive
passive subjunctive
formpresentimperfect
1st sg.afflīgarafflīgerer
2nd sg.afflīgāris
afflīgāre		afflīgerēris
afflīgerēre
3rd sg.afflīgāturafflīgerētur
1st pl.afflīgāmurafflīgerēmur
2nd pl.afflīgāminīafflīgerēminī
3rd pl.afflīganturafflīgerentur
imperative
imperative
formactivepassive
pres. 2nd sg.afflīgeafflīgere
pres. 2nd pl.afflīgiteafflīgiminī
fut. 2nd sg.afflīgitōafflīgitor
fut. 3rd sg.afflīgitōafflīgitor
fut. 2nd pl.afflīgitōte—
fut. 3rd pl.afflīguntōafflīguntor
infinitives & participles
infinitives & participles
formactivepassive
present infinitiveafflīgereafflīgī
perfect infinitiveafflīxisseafflīctum esse
future infinitiveafflīctūrum esseafflīctum īrī
present participleafflīgēns—
perfect participle—afflīctus
afflīcta, afflīctā, afflīctae, afflīctam, afflīctārum, afflīctās, afflīcte, afflīctī, afflīctīs, afflīctō, afflīctōrum, afflīctōs
future participleafflīctūrus
afflīctūra, afflīctūrā, afflīctūrae, afflīctūram, afflīctūrārum, afflīctūrās, afflīctūre, afflīctūrī, afflīctūrīs, afflīctūrō, afflīctūrōrum, afflīctūrōs, afflīctūrum		afflīgendus
afflīgundus, afflīgenda, afflīgendā, afflīgendae, afflīgendam, afflīgendārum, afflīgendās, afflīgende, afflīgendīs, afflīgendōrum, afflīgendōs
gerundafflīgendī, afflīgendō, afflīgendumsupineafflīctum, afflīctū

Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book

morbo afflīgi
to be laid on a bed of sickness.
calamitatibus affligi
to be the victim of misfortune.
res dubiae, perditae, afflictae
a critical position; a hopeless state of affairs.
res adversae, afflictae, perditae
misfortune, adversity.
aegritudine afflictum, debilitatum esse, iacēre
to be bowed down, prostrated by grief.
animus frangitur, affligitur, percellitur, debilitatur
their spirits are broken.
aliquem affligere, perdere, pessumdare, in praeceps dare
to bring a man to ruin; to destroy.
excitare animum iacentem et afflictum (opp. frangere animum)
to inspire the spiritless and prostrate with new vigour.

af-flīgo (better adf-), ixi, ictum, 3, v. a. (afflixint = afflixerint, Front. ad M. Caes. 3, 3).
I. Lit., to strike or beat a thing to some point, to cast or throw down or against, to dash, somewhere by striking; esp. of ships which are driven or cast away by the wind. —Constr. with ad or dat.: te ad terram, scelus, adfligam, I will dash thee to the earth, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 15, and id. Rud. 4, 3, 71: nolo equidem te adfligi, id. Most. 1, 4, 19: statuam, to throw down, overthrow, Cic. Pis. 38; so, monumentum, id. Cael. 32: domum, id. pro Dom. 40: (alces) si quo adflictae casu conciderint, Caes. B. G. 6, 27: infirmas arbores pondere adfligunt, id. ib.: tempestas naves Rhodias adflixit, ita ut, etc., dashed them about, shattered them, id. B. C. 3, 27.—So in descriptions of a battle: equi atque viri adflicti, etc., Sall. J.101,11: ubi scalae comminutae, qui supersteterant, adflicti sunt, were thrown down, id. ib. 60, 7: ubi Mars communis et victum saepe erigeret et adfligeret victorem, Liv. 28, 19: imaginem solo, Tac. H. 1, 41: caput saxo, to dash against, id. A. 4, 45: aquila duos corvos adflixit et ad terram dedit, Suet. Aug. 96 Ruhnk.; so id. Dom. 23.— Poet., Ov. M. 12, 139; 14, 206; Sil. 9, 631.—
II. Fig.
A. To ruin, weaken, cast down, prostrate: cum prospero flatu ejus (fortunae) utimur, ad exitus pervehimur optatos; et cum reflavit, adfligimur, Cic. Off. 2, 6: virtus nostra nos adflixit, has ruined, id. Fam. 14, 4; id. Sest. 7: Pompeius ipse se adflixit, id. Att. 2, 19: senectus enervat et adfligit homines, id. Sen. 70: opes hostium, Liv. 2, 16: aliquem bello, id. 28, 39: Othonianas partes, Tac. H. 2, 33: amicitias, Suet. Tib. 51; so id. Aug. 66 et saep.—
B. To reduce, lower, or lessen in value (syn. minuo): hoc oratoris esse maxime proprium, rem augere posse laudando, vituperandoque rursus adfligere, to bring down, Cic. Brut. 12.—Trop., of courage, to cast down, dishearten, to diminish, lessen, impair: animos adfligere et debilitare metu, Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 34.—
C. Adfligere causam susceptam, to let a lawsuit which has been undertaken fall through, to give up, abandon, Cic. Sest. 41, 89.—Hence, afflictus (adf-), a, um, P. a.
A. Cast down, ill used, wretched, miserable, unfortunate, distressed; lit. and trop.: naves, damaged, shattered, Caes. B. G. 4, 31: Graecia perculsa et adflicta et perdita, Cic. Fl. 7: ab adflictā amicitiā transfugere et ad florentem aliam devolare, id. Quint. 30: non integra fortuna, at adflicta, id. Sull. 31: adflictum erigere, id. Imp. Pomp. 29.—Comp.: adflictiore condicione esse, id. Fam. 6,1; hence: res adflictae (like accisae and adfectae), disordered, embarrassed, ruined circumstances, affairs in a bad state, ill condition, Sall. J. 76, 6; so Luc. 1, 496; Just. 4, 5: copiae, Suet. Oth. 9.—
B. Fig.
1. Of the mind: cast down, dejected, discouraged, desponding: aegritudine adflictus, debilitatus, jacens, Cic. Tusc. 4, 16: luctu, id. Phil. 9, 5: maerore, id. Cat. 2, 1: adflictus vitam in tenebris luctuque trahebam, Verg. A. 2, 92; Suet. Oth. 9.—
2. Of character, like abjectus, abandoned, outcast, depraved, low, mean, base, vile: homo adflictus et perditus, Cic. Phil. 3, 10: nemo tam adflictis est moribus, quin, etc., Macr. S. 6, 7.—Sup. and adv. not used.

Origins

  1. Proto-Indo-European*h₂éd
  2. Proto-Italic*ad
  3. Proto-Italic*ad-
  4. Latinafflīgō

Proto-Indo-European *bʰleyǵ-der. Latin flīgō Latin afflīgō From ad- + flīgō (“strike down”).

Descendants
  • Catalanafligir
  • Englishafflict
  • Frenchaffliger
  • Italianaffliggere
  • Portugueseafligir
  • Spanishafligir
  • Asturianaflixir
  • Galicianaflixir

In English words that came into English from afflīgō

  • afflictionafflīctiō
  • afflictafflīctō

Quick answers

What does afflīgō mean in Latin?
afflīgō, a verb, means “to strike, beat, dash (against); cast or throw down, prostrate; to afflict, damage, injure, crush, break or ruin”.
What are the principal parts of afflīgō?
afflīgō, afflīgere, afflīxī, afflīctum (third conjugation).
How do you pronounce afflīgō?
In classical Latin, [afˈfliː.ɡoː]; in ecclesiastical (church) Latin, [afˈfliː.ɡo].
Where does afflīgō come from?
Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd → Proto-Italic *ad → Proto-Italic *ad- → Latin afflīgō.