Greek and Roman Antiquities

• Ecclesia the general assembly of the citizens at Athens, in which they met for the direct exercise
• Eccleti was the name of an assembly at Sparta (only in Xen. Hell. 2.4, § 38; 5.2.33; 6.3.3). The s
• Ecdicus the name of an officer in many of the towns of Asia Minor under the Roman dominion. The wo
• Echinus the hedgehog or sea-urchin, the name of things having a similar shape. 1. A pot or pitcher
• Eclogeis Athenian collectors of taxes, were of two kinds. 1. Ordinary, who collected the εἰσφορὰ un
• Ecmartyria signifies the deposition of a witness, who, by reason of absence abroad, or illness (ὑπερο
• Ectypus properly an adjective, formed in a mould (τύπος, forma), or wrought in high relief, thus d
• Eculeus less correctly EQUULEUS an instrument of torture commonly used at Rome in extracting evide
• Edictum The jus edicendi, or power of issuing edicts--public and authoritative notices on matters
• Edictum theodorici theodorici This is the first collection of law that was made after the downfall of the Rom
• Effractor a burglar. As the name τοιχωρύχος implies, the Greek burglar sought to effect an entrance
• Eicoste a custom duty of one-twentieth (five per cent.) upon all commodities exported or imported
• Eiren the third class of Spartan youth with regard to age; the series being: παῖδες (aged 7-18),
• Eisagogeis as an Attic law-term, denotes two classes of persons. 1. In a wider sense the name was giv
• Eisangelia signifies, in its primary and most general sense, a denunciation of any kind (Schömann, As
• Eisiteria sc. ἱερά, sacrifices offered upon entrance into office; according to Suidas (s. v.) upon t
• Eisphora literally a contribution or tribute, was an extraordinary tax on property raised at Athens
• Elaphebolia the greatest festival in the town of Hyampolis, in Phocis, which was celebrated in honour
• Electrum ἤλεκτρος or ἤλεκτρον. Lepsius has maintained (Ueber die Metalle in den Aegypt. Inschriften
• Elephas . African ivory was known to the ancients, through Phoenician trade, long before the eleph
• Eleusinia . This title was chiefly applied to a festival held by the Athenians in autumn, in honour
• Eleutheria the feast of liberty, a festival which the Greeks, after the battle of Plataea (479 B.C.),
• Ellimenion a harbourduty collected at the Peiraeus, the nature of which is not exactly determined. So
• Ellotia or HELLOTIA (ἐλλώτια or ἑλλώτια), a festival with a torch race celebrated at Corinth in ho
• Emancipatio was an act by which the potestas of a paterfamilias over a person in his power was volunta
• Embas . This is sometimes used as a generic term for a closed boot, so called because one's foot
• Embateia . In Attic law this word (like the corresponding English one, entry) was used to denote a
• Emblema EMBLEMATA. 1. Emblemata were metal ornaments, such as masks, busts, medallions, figures of
• Emissarium an artificial channel by which an outlet is formed to carry off any stagnant body of water
• Emmenoi dikai dikai (ἔμμηνοι δίκαι), suits in the Athenian courts, which were not allowed to be pending
• Emphruri from (φρουρά, the name given to the Spartan citizens and Perioeci during the period in whi
• Emphyteusis is a perpetual and real right in (agricultural) land which belongs to another person, enti
• Emporium a place for wholesale trade in commodities carried by sea. The name is sometimes applied t
• Empti ET VENDITI ACTIO. The seller has an actio venditi, and the buyer an actio empti, to recove
• Emptio venditio venditio The contract of buying and selling is one of those in which the Romans said the o
• Encomboma an upper garment tied round the body in a knot (κόμβος), and worn like a bib or apron to k
• Enctesis the right of possessing landed property and houses (ἔγκτησις γῆς καὶ οἰκίας) in a foreign
• Endeixis . Endeixis, apagoge, and ephegesis have a great deal in common, both as regards the cases
• Endromis . 1. A kind of topboot worn by Cretan huntsmen and by Artemis (Nonn. Dionys. 5.237: cf. Sc
• Enechyra meant properly goods, usually movables, handed over to a creditor as security, e. g. bronz
• Engye bail or sureties, were in very frequent requisition, both in the private and public affair
• Enoikiou dike dike (ἐνοικίου δίκη). According to Hudtwalcker (Ueber d. öffentl. u. Privat-Schiedsrichter
• Entasis in a column is a swelling (adjectio quae adjicitur in mediis columnis, Vitruv. l.c.) from
• Epaeiti the name of a corps of picked troops in Arcadia, which was formed to preserve the independ
• Epangelia . If a citizen of Athens had incurred ἀτιμία, the privilege of taking part or speaking in
• Epeunacti or--AE (ἐπεύνακτοι, ἐπευνακταί), a class of citizens at Sparta who are said to have been t
• Ephebus the name applied to Athenian youths between the ages of eighteen and twenty. The word ἥβη
• Ephesia a great panegyris of the lonians at Ephesus, the ancient capital of the Ionians in Asia. I
• Ephesiae litterae litterae (Ἐφέσια γράμματα) were mystic words engraved on the crown, the girdle, and the fe
• Ephetae the name of certain judges at Athens, invested with jurisdiction in cases of homicide. The
• Ephippium a saddle-cloth or pad. The saddle with a tree was unknown till the 4th century, although t
• Ephori . Magistrates called Ephori or overseers were an ancient Lacedaemonian institution; we fin
• Epibatae soldiers or marines appointed to defend the vessels in the Athenian navy, were entirely di
• Epibole a fine imposed by a magistrate, or other official person or body (the Areiopagus, Aeschin.
• Epichysis a wine-jug with a narrow neck and small lip and with a handle (Menand. fr. 490 M.); usuall
• Epiclerus the name given to the daughter or daughters (γνήσιαι…
• Epidoseis were voluntary contributions, either in money, arms, or ships, which were made by the Athe
• Epimeletae curators, the name of various officials at Athens, charged with the care of different publ
• Episcopi inspectors or commissioners, who were sometimes sent by the Athenians to interfere in the
• Episkeuastae . To the list of Athenian public officers must now be added ten ἱερῶν ἐπισκευασταί, repair
• Epistates which means a person placed over anything, was the name of two distinct classes of functio
• Epistoleus was the officer second in rank in the Spartan fleet, and succeeded to the command if anyth
• Epistylium is properly, as the name implies, the architrave, or lower member of an entablature, consi
• Epitropus which signifies literally a person to whom anything is given in charge (Dem. c. Aphob. i.
• Epobelia as its etymology implies, at the rate of one obolus for a drachma, or one in six ([Dem.] c
• Eponymus having or giving a name, was the surname of the first of the nine archons at Athens, becau
• Epulones who were originally three in number (Tresviri Epulones), were first created in B.C. 196, t
• Equirria or ECURRIA, a festival at which there were horse-races, said to have been instituted by Ro
• Equites The traditional account of the origin of the Roman equites is as follows:--Livy (1.13) rel
• Erani was the name given to clubs or societies established for convivial purposes, the members d
• Ergastulum was a private prison attached to most Roman farms, called carcer rusticus by Juvenal (14.2
• Ericius a hedgehog, i. e. a military engine full of sharp spikes, which was placed by the gate of
• Eroantheia is called a brilliant festival of women, celebrated in Peloponnesus in the spring season (
• Erotia or EROTIDIA (ἐρώτια or ἐρωτίδια), the most solemn of all the festivals celebrated in the B
• Essedum rarely ESSEDA--AE (Sen. Ep. 56.4), said to be a Celtic word (Jornand. de Reb. Get. 100.2;
• Eucleia a festival celebrated at Corinth in honour of Artemis. It is mentioned only by Xenophon (X
• Eumolpidae the most distinguished and venerable among the priestly families in Attica, believed to be
• Eupatridae the wellborn, is the name by which from very early times the aristocracy of Attica was kno
• Euthyne and EUTHYNI (εὔθυϝα, plur. εὔθυναι: later εὐθύνη, plur. εὐθῦναι: Boeckh, P. E. 190 n.= Sth
• Evictio Evincerc means generally to deprive a person of a thing or right, of which he is in the en
• Evocati were soldiers in the Roman army who had served out their time and obtained their discharge
• Exagoges graphe graphe (ἐξαγωγῆς γραφή) might be instituted, it is said, against one who, acting as κύριος
• Exaireseos dike dike (ἐξαιρέσεως or ἀφαιρέσεως δίκη) was an action brought to recover damages for the atte
• Exauguratio is the act of taking away from a place or thing the sacred character which it had received
• Excubitores which properly means watchmen or sentinels of any kind (Caes. Bell. Gall. 7.69), was the n
• Exedra or EXHEDRA (ἐξέδρα) is properly a recessed seat built out from a portico and opening into
• Exegetes an expounder, interpreter, is used both in an ordinary and an official sense. A local guid
• Exercitoria ACTIO was one of those praetorian actions (called by the civilians actiones adjectitiae qu
• Exercitus army. Greek The earliest notices which we possess of the military art among the Greeks are
• Exetastae special commissioners sent out by the Athenian people to investigate any matters that migh
• Exhibendum ACTIO AD, was a praetorian action in personam (Inst. 4.6, 31), usually of a preliminary ch
• Exiteria or EPEXODIA (ἐξιτήρια or ἐπεξόδια), the names of sacrifices which were offered by generals
• Exodia were old-fashioned and laughable interludes in verses, inserted by the Romans in other pla
• Exomis originally a tunic fastened over the left shoulder only (χιτὼν ἑτερομάσχαλος, Schol. Arist
• Exomosia . 1. Any Athenian citizen (probably with the exception of near relatives of the defendant,
• Exostra was one of the many kinds of machines used in the theatres of the ancients, and its introd
• Exoules dike dike (ἐξούλης δίκη). Ἐξούλη is from ἐξίλλειν, which Harpocration (s. v.) explains ἐξωθεῖν
• Exsilium banishment. Greek In the heroic ages the general term φυγὴ (flight) was for the most part