noun · femininethird declension
servitūs
servitūs f (genitive servitūtis)
Classical[ˈsɛr.wɪ.tuːs]Ecclesiastical[ˈsɛr.vi.tus]
Mille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- slavery, servitude
Ego postquam tē ēmī, ā parvulō ut semper tibi apud mē jūsta et clēmēns fuerit servitūs scīs. [...].
After I bought you, ever since you were a small boy your slavery with me was always fair and lenient, as you know.166 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Andria 35–37Ego sum Dominus Deus tuus, qui eduxi te de terra Aegypti, de domo servitutis.
I am the LORD thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.c. 347 CE – 420 CE, Hieronymus, Vulgate Exodus.20.2 - a body of slaves
- a servitude (encumbrance on land)
- Medieval Latinvassaldom
- Medieval Latinworship, religious ministry
- Medieval Latina tax paid on land
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
vīta servī, nōn lībera.servitūs -ūtis f — in Mille Verba, Domus et Familia
slavery
servitūs — in Seneca, ch. X
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Servus · Famulus · Mancipium · Minister · Ancilla · Servitus · Servitium
1. Servus, ancilla, famulus, and mancipium, denote a servant who is not free, a slave; minister, one who is free, or only in subordination. Plin. Ep. x. 97. Ancillæ, quæ ministræ dicebantur; that is, in Christian assemblies. 2. Servus (from εἴρερος) means a slave, in a political and juridical sense, as in a state of subjugation, in opp. to dominus, Cic. Verr. iv. 50, like δοῦλος and δμώς; famulus (χαμαλός?) in a patriarchal sense, as belonging to and part of the family, in opp. to herus, Cic. Off. ii. 7, like οἰκέτης; mancipium, in an economical sense, as a possession and marketable commodity, like ἀνδράποδον. 3. Serva means a female slave, with especial reference to her legal condition; ancilla, in ordinary life, as the feminine of servus. Servitus denotes slavery, quite indifferently, as a regular, natural, legal state; whereas servitium, either with contempt or compassion, as an irregular, compulsory, ignominious state. Most prose writers, however, use servitus merely as the abstract; servitium, and especially servitia, as the concrete term for servi. (v. 136.)
Declension
| form | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | servitūs | servitūtēs |
| genitive | servitūtis | servitūtum |
| dative | servitūtī | servitūtibus |
| accusative | servitūtem | servitūtēs |
| ablative | servitūte | servitūtibus |
| vocative | servitūs | servitūtēs |
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- iugum servitutis accipere
- to submit to the yoke of slavery.
- iugum servitutis excutere
- to shake off the yoke of slavery.
- servitutem exuere (Liv. 34. 7)
- to shake off the yoke of slavery.
- aliquem in servitutem redigere
- to reduce to slavery.
- servitute premi (Phil. 4. 1. 3)
- to languish in slavery.
- liberum populum servitute afficere
- to enslave a free people.
- alicui servitutem iniungere, imponere
- to lay the yoke of slavery on some one.
- aliquem in servitutem abducere, abstrahere
- to carry off into slavery.
2 more phrases
- ab aliquo servitutem or servitutis iugum depellere
- to deliver some one from slavery.
- civitatem servitute oppressam tenere (Dom. 51. 131)
- to keep the citizens in servile subjection.
servĭtūs, ūtis (
I. gen. plur. servitutium, Dig. 8, 2, 32 fin.; 8, 3, 1 fin.; and acc. to Ritschl also Plaut. Pers. 3, 3, 14), f. id., the condition of a servus; slavery, serfdom, service, servitude (freq. and class.).
I. Lit.:
servitus est constitutio juris gentium, quā quis dominio alieno contra naturam subicitur, Dig. 1, 5, 4; Just. Inst. 1, 3, 2: servitutem servire, Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 31 (v. this freq. occurring phrase under servio, I. δ): quibus nunc aerumna mea libertatem paro, Quibus servitutem mea miseria deprecor? Enn. ap. Gell. 6, 16, 9 (Trag. v. 173 Vahl.): domi fuistis liberi: Nunc servitus si evenit, etc., Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 4: qui hodie fuerim liber, eum nunc potivit pater servitutis, id. Am. 1, 1, 24 Fleck.: quis hoc imperium, quis hanc servitutem ferre potest? Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17: ipsam (mulierem) in servitutem adjudicare, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 56: ista corruptela servi si impunita fuerit ... fit in dominatu servitus, in servitute dominatus, id. Deiot. 11, 30: mors servituti anteponenda, id. Off. 1, 23, 81: servitutem perpessi, id. Phil. 8, 11, 32: aliae nationes servitutem pati possunt, populi Romani est propria libertas, id. ib. 6, 7, 19: servitutem pati, id. ib. 6, 7, 19: similitudo servitutis id. Rep. 1, 27, 43: hunc nimis liberum populum libertas ipsā servitute afficit, etc... Nimia illa libertas in nimiam servitutem cadit, id. ib. 1, 44, 68: socios nostros in servitutem abduxerunt, id. Pis. 34, 84: servitutis jugum, id. Rep. 2, 25, 47: Themistocles cum servitute Graeciam liberasset, id. Lael. 12, 42: conjuges in servitutem abstrahi, Caes. B. G. 7, 14; addicere aliquem in servitutem, Liv. 3, 56; Caes. B. G. 7, 77: liberum populum servitute adficere, Cic. Rep. 1, 44, 68: asserere aliquem in servitutem, Liv. 3, 44, 5; 34, 18, 2; Suet. Tib. 2.—* (b). As a verbal noun with dat.: opulento homini hoc servitus dura est, this serving or being servant of a rich man, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 12.—
II. Transf.
A. In gen. (acc to servio, II.), servitude, subjection: numquam salvis suis exuitur servitus muliebris;
et ipsae libertatem, quam viduitas et orbitas facit, detestantur, Liv. 34, 7 Drak.: silvestres gallinae in servitute non foetant, in confinement, Col. 8, 12; so id. 8, 15, 7: hujus tanti officii servitutem astringebam testimonio sempiterno, Cic. Planc. 30, 74: est enim in illis ipsa merces auctoramentum servitutis, id. Off. 1, 42, 150; cf.: ut se homines ad servitutem juris astringerent, Quint. 2, 16, 9; 7, 3, 16.— B. The government, rule, dominion of a master:
tibi Apud me justa et clemens servitus, Ter. And. 1, 1, 9.—C. (Acc. to servio, II. B.) Jurid. t. t., of buildings, lands, etc., a liability resting upon them, an easement, servitude:
servitutes praediorum rusticorum sunt hae: iter, actus, via, aquaeductus, Dig. 8, 3, 1: jura praediorum urbanorum, quae servitutes vocantur, Gai. Inst. 2, 14: servitute fundo illi imposita, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2, § 3: specus servitutis putat aliquid habituros, id. Att. 15, 26, 4.—D. Concr. (for the class. servitium), slaves, servants (collect.); poet. of lovers: adde quod pubes tibi crescit omnis, Servitus crescit nova (= catervae amatorum semper novorum). Hor. C. 2, 8, 18; cf. Plaut. Pers. 3, 3, 14 Ritschl.
Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
servitūs ūtis, f
servus, the condition of a servant, slavery, serfdom, service, servitude : (mulierem) in servitutem adiudicare: servitutem pati: similitudo servitutis: socios in servitutem abducere: servitute Graeciam liberare: iusta et clemens, i. e. under a just and kind master , T.— Servitude, subjection : muliebris, L.: est enim in illis ipsa merces auctoramentum servitutis.—Of landed property, a liability, easement, servitude : servitute fundo illi inpositā.— Collect., slaves, servants : Servitus crescit nova, i. e. the throng of lovers , H.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*ser-der.?
- Proto-Italic*serwos
- Latinservitūs
Latin -tūs Latin servitūs From servus + -tūs.
Descendants
- Catalanservitud
- Italianservitù
- Portugueseservitude
- Spanishservitud