noun · femininefirst declension
ruīna
ruīna f (genitive ruīnae)
Classical[ruˈiː.na]Ecclesiastical[ruˈiː.na]
Meaning
- singulara falling down, collapse, ruin, destruction
Denique saepe geli multus fragor atque ruina
Translation by William Ellery Leonard And down-pour of swift hail gives forth a sound Among the mighty clouds on high; […]c. 99 BCE – 55 BCE, Lucretius, De rerum natura 6.156–157vis illa fuit et, ut saepe iam dixi, ruina quaedam atque tempestas et quidvis potius quam iudicium aut disceptatio aut quaestio.
Translation by Charles Duke Yonge It was all violence, and, as I have said before, a sort of earthquake or tempest,—it was anything rather than a court of justice, or a legal discussion, or a judicial investigation.66 BCE, Cicero, Pro Cluentio 35.96 - pluralruins, debris
nunc humilis veteres tantummodo Troia ruinas
8 CE, Ovidius, Metamorphoses 15.424–425Sagunti ruinae—falsus utinam uates sim—nostris capitibus incident, susceptumque cum Saguntinis bellum habendum cum Romanis est.
27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 21.10.10 - pluralraresingularruins, debris
77 CE – 79 CE, Plinius Maior, Naturalis Historia 33.4.21 (passim)
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
cāsus, lāpsus rērumruīna -ae (f) — in IVLIANVS III: Persia, ch. 24
cāsus, exitiumruīna -ae (f) — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 5
id quod cecidit; domus lāpsaruīna -ae (f) — in Metamorphoses I, ch. 24
collapse, ruin
ruīna -ae (f) — in De Bello Gallico III
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Ruina · Strages
Ruina (from ῥεῦσαι is the falling down of things raised one upon another, in consequence of the basis giving way; whereas strages is the throwing down of bodies standing upright, in consequence of a push from without. Liv. iv. 33. Strages ruinæ similis. (vi. 309.)
Declension
| form | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ruīna | ruīnae |
| genitive | ruīnae | ruīnārum |
| dative | ruīnae | ruīnīs |
| accusative | ruīnam | ruīnās |
| ablative | ruīnā | ruīnīs |
| vocative | ruīna | ruīnae |
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- domus ruina impendet
- the house threatens to fall in (vid. sect. X. 5, note "Threaten"...).
- iter ruina patefactum
- a breach.
- domus subita ruina collapsa est
- the house suddenly fell in ruins.
- patentia ruinis (vid. XII. 1, note ruina...)
- a breach.
rŭīna, ae, f. ruo,
I. a rushing or tumbling down; a falling down, fall (syn.: casus, lapsus).
I. In abstracto.
A. Lit.
1. In gen. (rare). grandinis, Lucr. 6, 156:
aquarum, Cael. Aur. Tard. 2, 1 med.: nostra (sc. nucum), Mart. 13, 25, 2: jumentorum sarcinarumque, Liv. 44, 5: Capanei, a fall by lightning (v. Capaneus), Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 40: (apri saevi) Permixtas dabant equitum peditumque ruinas, Lucr. 5, 1329: Tyrrhenus et Aconteus Conixi incurrunt hastis, primique ruinam Dant sonitu ingenti, rush or fall upon each other, Verg. A. 11, 613: interea suspensa graves aulaea ruinas In patinam fecere, fell down, Hor. S. 2, 8, 54.—2. In partic., of buildings, a tumbling or falling down, downfall, ruin (class.; in good prose only in sing.):
repentinā ruinā pars ejus turris concidit ... tum hostes, turris repentinā ruinā commoti, etc., Caes. B. C. 2, 11 fin. and 12 init.; cf.: ferunt conclave illud, ubi epularetur Scopas, concidisse: eā ruinā ipsum oppressum cum suis interiisse, Cic. de Or. 2, 86, 353; id. Div. 2, 8, 20; Tac. A. 2, 47: aedificiorum, Suet. Oth. 8: amphitheatri, id. Tib. 40: camerae, id. Ner. 34: spectaculorum, id. Calig. 31: pontis, id. Aug. 20: tecta Penthei Disjecta non leni ruinā, Hor. C. 2, 19, 15: jam Deiphobi dedit ampla ruinam, Vulcano superante, domus, i. e. fell in, Verg. A. 2, 310; so, trahere ruinam, id. ib. 2, 465; 9, 712; cf. B. α, infra: effulsisse inter ruinam ignes, Tac. A. 2, 47: ruinam urbis et incendia recordantes, Just. 5, 7, 10: morbus, captivitas, ruina, ignis, Sen. Tranq. 11, 6: multos occidere incendii ac ruinae potentia est, id. Clem. 1, 26, 5.—In plur.: tantae in te impendent ruinae, nisi suffulcis firmiter, Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 77; so Vell. 2, 35, 4 (with incendia); Suet. Vesp. 8; Lucr. 2, 1145: si fractus illabatur orbis, Impavidum ferient ruinae, Hor. C. 3, 3, 8: dum Capitolio dementes ruinas parabat, id. ib. 1, 37, 7.—B. Trop., a downfall, fall, ruin; accident, catastrophe, disaster, overthrow, destruction, etc. (freq. and class.; used equally in sing. and plur.; cf.: exitium, pernicies).
(a). Sing.:
vis illa fuit et, ut saepe jam dixi, ruina quaedam atque tempestas, a catastrophe, Cic. Clu. 35, 96: incendium meum ruinā restinguam, with the overthrow, fall (of the State), Catilina ap. Sall. C. 31, 9, and ap. Cic. Mur. 25, 51: ut communi ruinā patriae opprimerentur, Liv. 45, 26; Vell. 2, 91, 4; 2, 85, 1; 2, 124, 1: in hac ruinā rerum stetit una integra atque immobilis virtus populi Romani, Liv. 26, 41: rerum nostrarum, id. 5, 51: urbis, id. 25, 4: ex loco superiore impetu facto, strage ac ruinā fudere Gallos, utter defeat, id. 5, 43; cf.: ruinae similem stragem eques dedit, id. 4, 33: Cannensis, id. 23, 25; 42, 66 fin.; 4, 46; 5, 47: ruina soceri in exsilium pulsus, Tac. H. 4, 6; cf. id. G. 36: pereat sceleratus, regnique trahat patriaeque ruinam, Ov. M. 8, 497: aliae gentes belli sequuntur ruinam, Flor. 2, 12, 1: ille dies utramque Ducet ruinam, i. e. death, Hor. C. 2, 17, 9: Neronis principis, Plin. 17, 25, 38, § 245.— (b). Plur.:
praetermitto ruinas fortunarum tuarum, quas omnes impendere tibi proximis Idibus senties, Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 14: in ruinis aversae, atque afflictae rei publicae, id. Sest. 2, 5: devota morti pectora liberae Quantis fatigaret ruinis, Hor. C. 4, 14, 19; cf.: nox auget ruinas, Val. Fl. 3, 207: principiis in rerum fecere ruinas et graviter magni magno cecidere ibi casu, i. e. false steps, errors, mistakes, Lucr. 1, 740: (Academia) si invaserit in haec, miseras edet ruinas, Cic. Leg. 1, 13, 39: ruinas videres, id. Fin. 5, 28, 83.—II. In concreto.
1. That which tumbles or falls down, a fall (not anteAug.).
A. In gen. (poet.):
disjectam Aenaeae toto videt aequore classem Fluctibus oppressos Troas caelique ruinā, i. e. a storm, rain, Verg. A. 1, 129; so, caeli (with insani imbres), Sil. 1, 251: poli, i. e. thunder, Val. Fl. 8, 334.—B. In partic. (acc. to I. A. 2.), a building that has tumbled down, a ruin, ruins (mostly in plur., and not in Cic. prose):
nunc humilis veteres tantummodo Troja ruinas ostendit, Ov. M. 15, 424: Sagunti ruinae nostris capitibus incident, Liv. 21, 10, 10: (urbs) deserta ac strata prope omnis ruinis, id. 33, 38, 10: fumantes Thebarum ruinae, id. 9, 18, 7: ruinis templorum templa aedificare, id. 42, 3: in tugurio ruinarum Carthaginiensium, Vell. 2, 19 fin. —In sing.: alius par labor ... flumina ad lavandam hanc ruinam jugis montium ducere, Plin. 33, 4, 21, § 74: EX RVINA TEMPLI MARTIS, Inscr. Orell. 2448 (A.D. 256).—2. Transf., of persons who cause ruin, a destroyer:
rei publicae, Cic. Sest. 51, 109: ruinae publicanorum, id. Prov. Cons. 6, 13.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
ruīna ae, f
RV-, a rushing down, tumbling, falling down, fall : iumentorum, L.: primique ruinam Dant sonitu ingenti, fall upon each other , V.: graves aulaea ruinas In patinam fecere, fell down , H.—Of buildings, a tumbling, falling down, downfall, ruin (only sing.): repentinā ruinā pars eius turris concidit, Cs.: ferunt eā ruinā ipsum cum cognatis suis oppressum interiisse: iam Deiphobi dedit ampla ruinam domus, i. e. fell in , V. —Fig., a downfall, fall, ruin, catastrophe, calamity, disaster, overthrow, destruction : vis illa fuit et ruina quaedam, a catastrophe : incendium meum ruinā restinguam, with the fall (of the State), S.: patriae, L.: strage ac ruinā fudere Gallos, utter defeat , L.: ille dies utramque Ducet ruinam, i. e. death , H.: ruinae fortunarum tuarum: pectora Quantis fatigaret ruinis, H.: ruinas videres: caeli, i. e. a storm , V.—Plur, a fallen building, ruin, ruins : veteres tantummodo Troia ruinas ostendit, O.: Sagunti ruinae nostris capitibus incident, L.: fumantes Thebarum, L.: Si fractus inlabatur orbis, Impavidum ferient ruinae, H.— A cause of ruin, destroyer : rei p.: publicanorum.
Origins
From ruō (“to collapse”).
Descendants
- Catalanruïna
- Italianruina
- Italianrovina
- Occitanroïna
- Portugueseruimfrom Old Galician-Portuguese roin
- Sardinianarruinu
- Sardinianorroghina
- Sardinianroghina
- GermanRuine
- Englishruinfrom Old French ruine