noun · neutersecond declension
proelium
proelium n (genitive proeliī or proelī)
Classical[ˈproe̯.li.ũː]Ecclesiastical[ˈprɛː.li.um]
№ 348 of the 1,000 commonest wordsMille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- neutera battle, combat, conflict
- neuterpoeticwarriors taken collectively
- neutera contest, strife
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
ūna pugna bellī.proelium -ī n — in Mille Verba, Bellum et Arma
battle
proelium -ī — in Viri Romae Facillimi, ch. 1, 2, 5, 7, 8, 11, 13, 16, 23, 25
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Pugna · Acies · Prœlium
Pugna (πυκνή, πύξ,) denotes in a general sense, any conflict, from a single combat to the bloodiest pitched battle, like μάχη; acies, the conflict of two contending armies drawn up in battle array with tactical skill, the pitched battle; prœlium (from πρύλεες) the occasional rencounter of separate divisions of the armies, as an engagement, action, skirmish, like συμβολή. (v. 189.) [No: prœlium is frequently used of general engagements: e.g. illustrissimum est prœlium apud Platæas. Nep.]
Declension
| form | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | proelium | proelia praelia |
| genitive | proeliī proelī, praelī, praeliī | proeliōrum praeliōrum |
| dative | proeliō praeliō | proeliīs praeliīs |
| accusative | proelium | proelia praelia |
| ablative | proeliō praeliō | proeliīs praeliīs |
| vocative | proelium | proelia praelia |
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- proelium facere
- to give battle.
- proelio vincere
- to gain a victory, win a battle.
- proelium deserere
- to give up the fight.
- proelio interesse
- to take part in the engagement.
- proelium committere
- (1) to begin the battle, (2) to give battle.
- proelium restituere
- to renew the battle with success.
- proelium anceps est
- the issue of the battle is undecided.
- signum proelii dare
- to give the signal to engage.
18 more phrases
- supersedere proelio
- to refrain from fighting.
- proeliis secundis uti
- to fight successfully.
- proelium intermittere
- to interrupt the battle.
- proelium cruentum, atrox
- a bloody battle.
- proelium equestre facere
- to give battle with a cavalry-division.
- proelium facere secundum
- to fight successfully.
- proelium inire (Liv. 2. 14)
- to engage.
- proelio equestri contendere
- to give battle with a cavalry-division.
- proelium dirimere (B. C. 1. 40)
- to break off the fight.
- proelium renovare, redintegrare
- to begin the fight again.
- proelium iustum (opp. tumultuarium)
- a pitched battle.
- proelio concurritur (Sall. Iug. 59)
- the lines charge in battle one on another.
- proelio, armis decertare (B. G. 1. 50)
- to fight a decisive battle.
- proelio (ad pugnam) hostes lacessere, provocare
- to provoke the enemy to battle.
- signum proelii (committendi) exposcere (B. G. 7. 19)
- to demand loudly the signal to engage.
- proelio vinci, superari, inferiorem, victum discedere
- to be defeated in fight, lose the battle.
- superiorem (opp. inferiorem), victorem (proelio, pugna) discedere
- to come off victorious.
- iusto (opp. tumultuario) proelio confligere cum hoste (Liv. 35. 4)
- to fight a pitched, orderly battle with an enemy.
proelĭum (prael-), ii, n. etym. dub.; perh. for provilium, pro-dvilium; cf. duellum (bellum),
I. a battle, combat (class.; syn.: pugna, dimicatio).
I. Lit.:
induperatores pugnare ac proelia obire, Lucr. 4, 967: non proeliis, neque acie bellum gerere, Sall. J. 54, 5: exitus proeliorum, Cic. Fam. 6, 4, 1: proelium facere, to engage, id. Tusc. 4, 19, 43: inire, Liv. 25, 38: committere cum aliquo, Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77: redintegrare, Caes. B. G. 1, 25: restituere, id. ib. 53: conficere, Hirt. B. G. 8, 28: miscere, Prop. 4 (5), 1, 28. proelio dimicare cum hoste, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6: proeliis decertare, id. Prov. Cons. 13, 33: proelium sumere, to join battle, engage, Tac. H. 2, 42: singulare, single combat, Aus. Per. Iliad. 7: Punica passi proelia, the wars with Carthage, Juv. 14, 162.—B. Transf.
1. Of animals (poet.):
proelia dant cervi, Verg. G. 3, 265: (taurorum), id. ib. 3, 220; cf. Hor. C. 3, 20, 4; 3, 13, 5.—3. A warrior:
Colchis flagrantes adamantina sub juga tauros Egit et armigera proelia sevit humo, Prop. 3, 11 (4, 10), 10: trepidum si Martis operti agricolam infandis condentem proelia sulcis expediam, Stat. Th. 1, 8.—II. Trop.
A. Contest, strife (class.):
proelia te meā causā sustinere, Cic. Fam. 9, 11, 2: committere proelia voce, Ov. M. 5, 307; id. Am. 1, 8, 96.—Humorously, of a struggle with food and drink: in eo uterque proelio potabimus, Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 3: sed quid cessamus proelium committere? id. Pers. 1, 3, 32.—Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
proelium ī, n
a battle, combat : non proeliis neque acie bellum gerere, S.: proelium facere, to engage: proelia inire, L.: redintegrare, Cs.: proeliis uti secundis: uno proelio confecta res: Punica passi proelia, the wars with Carthage, Iu.: armigera proelia, warriors, Pr.: proelia dant cervi, V.: ventorum proelia, V.—Fig., contest, strife: proelia meā causā sustinere: committere proelia voce, O.
Origins
Possibly for *provillium, *produillium from bellum, duellum.
Borrowings
- Italianprelio
- Portugueseprélio
Italo-Romance
- ItalianPreglio