verbsecond conjugation, no supine stem
paveō
paveō (present infinitive pavēre, perfect active pāvī)
Classical[ˈpa.we.oː]Ecclesiastical[ˈpaː.ve.o]
Meaning
- intransitiveto be struck with fear, to be afraid or terrified; tremble or quake with fear
- transitiveto fear, dread or be terrified by
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
valdē timeōpaveō -ēre — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 11
timōre percutiorpaveō -ēre — in IVLIANVS II: Imperium, ch. 14
metū tremō, expavēscōpaveō -ēre — in Evangelium secundum Marcum, ch. 20
magnō timōre timeōpaveō -ēre — in Metamorphoses I, ch. 16
Conjugation conjugation 2 no-supine
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | paveō | pavēbam | pavēbō | pāvī | pāveram pāram | pāverō pārō |
| 2nd sg. | pavēs | pavēbās | pavēbis | pāvistī pāstī | pāverās pārās | pāveris pāris |
| 3rd sg. | pavet | pavēbat | pavēbit | pāvit pāt | pāverat pārat | pāverit pārit |
| 1st pl. | pavēmus | pavēbāmus | pavēbimus | pāvimus pāmus | pāverāmus pārāmus | pāverimus pārimus |
| 2nd pl. | pavētis | pavēbātis | pavēbitis | pāvistis pāstis | pāverātis pārātis | pāveritis pāritis |
| 3rd pl. | pavent | pavēbant | pavēbunt | pāvērunt pārunt, pāvēre | pāverant pārant | pāverint pārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | paveam | pavērem | pāverim pārim | pāvissem pāssem |
| 2nd sg. | paveās | pavērēs | pāverīs pārīs | pāvissēs pāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | paveat | pavēret | pāverit pārit | pāvisset pāsset |
| 1st pl. | paveāmus | pavērēmus | pāverīmus pārīmus | pāvissēmus pāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | paveātis | pavērētis | pāverītis pārītis | pāvissētis pāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | paveant | pavērent | pāverint pārint | pāvissent pāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | paveor | pavēbar | pavēbor |
| 2nd sg. | pavēris pavēre | pavēbāris pavēbāre | pavēberis pavēbere |
| 3rd sg. | pavētur | pavēbātur | pavēbitur |
| 1st pl. | pavēmur | pavēbāmur | pavēbimur |
| 2nd pl. | pavēminī | pavēbāminī | pavēbiminī |
| 3rd pl. | paventur | pavēbantur | pavēbuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | pavear | pavērer |
| 2nd sg. | paveāris paveāre | pavērēris pavērēre |
| 3rd sg. | paveātur | pavērētur |
| 1st pl. | paveāmur | pavērēmur |
| 2nd pl. | paveāminī | pavērēminī |
| 3rd pl. | paveantur | pavērentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | pavē | pavēre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | pavēte | pavēminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | pavētō | pavētor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | pavētō | pavētor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | pavētōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | paventō | paventor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | pavēre | pavērī |
| perfect infinitive | pāvisse pāsse | — |
| present participle | pavēns | — |
| future participle | — | pavendus pavenda, pavendā, pavendae, pavendam, pavendārum, pavendās, pavende, pavendīs, pavendōrum, pavendōs |
gerundpavendī, pavendō, pavendum
păvĕo, pāvi (
I. part. pres. gen. plur. paventūm, Ov. M. 14, 412), 2, v. n. and a. [etym. dub.; perh. akin with pavio].
I. Neutr., to be struck with fear or terror, to tremble or quake with fear, to be afraid, be terrified (perh. not used by Cic.; not in Cæs.;
syn.: tremo, trepido, timeo, metuo): nam et intus paveo et foris formido, Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 20: mihi paveo, Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 10; Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 10: ne pave, id. Am. 5, 1, 58; id. Mil. 3, 3, 21: quaeres, quando iterum paveas, Hor. S. 2, 7, 69: paventes ad omnia, Liv. 5, 42, 4: repente Maurus incerto vultu pavens ad Sullam accurrit, in great fear, Sall. J. 106, 2; Ov. M. 8, 89: admiratione paventibus cunctis, seized with astonishment, Liv. 7, 34, 7; cf.: speque metuque pavent, Ov. F. 3, 362: in alieno discrimine sibi pavens, ne adlevasse videretur, Tac. H. 2, 63; cf. venae, id. ib. 5, 6: hoc sermone pavent, i. e. express their fears, Juv. 6, 189.—With prepp. (eccl. Lat.): pavete ad sanctuarium meum, Vulg. Lev. 26, 2; cf. id. Deut. 31, 6: pavens pro arcā Dei, id. 1 Reg. 4, 13: pavebit a facie consilii Domini, id. Isa. 19, 17; cf. id. ib. 30, 31; 31, 4: super quo pavet anima, id. Ezech. 24, 21.—II. Act., to fear, dread, be terrified at:
et illud paveo et hoc formido, Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 59; so with a general object: ad hoc mulieres . . . miserari parvos liberos, rogitare, omnia pavere, Sall. C. 31, 3: noctem paventes, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 10, 23: quis Parthum paveat, quis gelidum Scythen? Hor. C. 4, 5, 25: ut pavet acres Agna lupos capreaeque leones! id. Epod. 12, 25: tristiorem casum, Tac. H. 1, 29: mores alicujus, id. ib. 1, 50: saturam serpentibus ibin, Juv. 15, 3: mortem, Plin. 2, 12, 9, § 54: funera, Hor. C. 4, 14, 49: (Castanea) pavet novitatem, Plin. 17, 20, 34, § 149.—Pass. (in Plin. 31, 9, 45, § 104, read batuerentur): nec pedibus tantum pavendas serpentes, Plin. 8, 23, 35, § 85.—Perh. here too belongs: paveri frumenta dicebant antiqui, quae de vaginā non bene exibant, Fest. p 251 and 253 Müll.; v. Müll. ad loc.—(b). With inf. (poet.):
pavetque Laedere jactatis maternas ossibus umbras, Ov. M. 1, 386: nec illae numerare aut exigere plagas pavent, Tac. G. 7.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
paveō pāvī, —, ēre
4 PV-, to be struck with fear, be in terror, tremble, quake with fear, be afraid, be terrified : mihi paveo, T.: quaeres, quando iterum paveas, H.: incerto voltu pavens adcurrit, S.: admiratione paventibus cunctis, seized with astonishment , L.: speque metuque, O.: hoc sermone, i. e. express their fears , Iu.: mulieres omnia pavere, S.: noctem paventes, C. poët.: Parthum, H.: casum, Ta.: saturam serpentibus ibin, Iu.: ad omnia, L.: Id paves, ne ducas tu illam, T.: pavetque Laedere umbras, O.: numerare plagas, Ta.: venae pavent, shudder , Ta.
Origins
Uncertain. Perhaps related to Proto-Celtic *oβnus, which itself may attest to a Proto-Indo-European form *pow-. The stem *pav- would emerge from the Italic change of Proto-Indo-European *-ow- to *-aw-. According to De Vaan, the term may have emerged from Proto-Italic *pawēō, itself perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *pow-éh₁-ye-ti. Alternatively, it may be a stative from the root *peh₂w- (“to strike”), whence Latin paviō.
Other derivates
- Italianpaurire
- Italianpaurare
Borrowings
- Italianpavere
Elsewhere
- Italianpaventarefrom Vulgar Latin *paventāre