verbthird conjugation
pāscō
pāscō (present infinitive pāscere, perfect active pāvī, supine pāstum)
Classical[ˈpaːs.koː]Ecclesiastical[ˈpas.ko]
Meaning
- to feed, nourish, maintain, support
- to pasture, drive to pasture, tend, attend
pāscēbatque suās ipse senātor ovēs
and the senator himself was tending his own sheep8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 1.204 - to feed, supply, cultivate, let grow
- to graze, browse
Nāvem in cōnspectū nūllam, trīs lītore cervōs prōspicit errantīs; hōs tōta armenta sequuntur
[There is] not a ship in sight, [but] he sees three stags wandering along the shore; their whole herds are following behind, the long band grazing through the valley.29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 1.184–186 - figurativelyto feast, delight, satisfy, feed, gratify
- to consume, lay waste, ravage, desolate
- EcclesiasticalLatinfigurativelyto tend to as a shepherd or pastor; cherish, nourish, care for, feed spiritually
Dominus pascit me nihil mihi deerit / in pascuis herbarum adclinavit me super aquas refectionis enutrivit me
The Lord tends me as a shepherd and nothing for me will be lacking / In pastures he causes me to lie down; on refreshing waters he nourishes meLate 4th century, Jerome [et al.], transl., edited by Roger Gryson, Biblia Sacra: Iuxta Vulgatam Versionem (Vulgate), 5th edition, Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, published 2007, →ISBN, Psalmus (iuxta Hebraicum) 22:1–2, page 795, column 2:
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
cibum praebeōpāscō -ere — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 4, 7
cibum in agrō carpōpāscō -ere — in Evangelium secundum Marcum, ch. 8
cibum dō, alōpāscō -ere — in Aeneis, ch. 4
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Alimenta · Penus · Cibus · Esca · Edulia · Cibare · Pascere
1. Alimenta and penus are victuals in general, meat and drink; alimenta, mostly with reference to the wants of an individual; penus, to the wants of a whole family. Cibus and esca denote ‘food,’ in opposition to drink. Cic. Fin. i. 11, and ii. 28. Cibus (from γεύω, to chew), natural food, as a means of nourishment; esca (from ἔδω), ‘the food’ that is artificially prepared as a dish. Hence cibus denotes the food of brutes also; but esca, only a bait, prepared as it were like a dish, and set before them. Cic. N. D. ii. 47. Animalia cibum partim dentibus capessunt: compare this with ii. 23. Dii nec escis nec potionibus vescuntur. 2. Cibaria are the most general and usual sorts of food; edulia are savory and select sorts of food. Suet. Tib. 46. Comites nunquam salario, cibariis tantum sustentavit; compare with Cal. 40. Pro eduliis certum statumque exigebatur. 3. Cibare means to feed with one’s hand, as nurses, etc.; pascere (from πάσασθαι), only to give out food, as a feeder or master. Suet. Tib. 72. Draconem manu sua cibaturus; compare with Vesp. 18. Sineret se plebeculam pascere. (v. 192.)
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | pāscō | pāscēbam | pāscam | pāvī | pāveram pāram | pāverō pārō |
| 2nd sg. | pāscis | pāscēbās | pāscēs | pāvistī pāstī | pāverās pārās | pāveris pāris |
| 3rd sg. | pāscit | pāscēbat | pāscet | pāvit pāt | pāverat pārat | pāverit pārit |
| 1st pl. | pāscimus | pāscēbāmus | pāscēmus | pāvimus pāmus | pāverāmus pārāmus | pāverimus pārimus |
| 2nd pl. | pāscitis | pāscēbātis | pāscētis | pāvistis pāstis | pāverātis pārātis | pāveritis pāritis |
| 3rd pl. | pāscunt | pāscēbant | pāscent | pāvērunt pārunt, pāvēre | pāverant pārant | pāverint pārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | pāscam | pāscerem | pāverim pārim | pāvissem pāssem |
| 2nd sg. | pāscās | pāscerēs | pāverīs pārīs | pāvissēs pāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | pāscat | pāsceret | pāverit pārit | pāvisset pāsset |
| 1st pl. | pāscāmus | pāscerēmus | pāverīmus pārīmus | pāvissēmus pāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | pāscātis | pāscerētis | pāverītis pārītis | pāvissētis pāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | pāscant | pāscerent | pāverint pārint | pāvissent pāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | pāscor | pāscēbar | pāscar |
| 2nd sg. | pāsceris pāscere | pāscēbāris pāscēbāre | pāscēris pāscēre |
| 3rd sg. | pāscitur | pāscēbātur | pāscētur |
| 1st pl. | pāscimur | pāscēbāmur | pāscēmur |
| 2nd pl. | pāsciminī | pāscēbāminī | pāscēminī |
| 3rd pl. | pāscuntur | pāscēbantur | pāscentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | pāscar | pāscerer |
| 2nd sg. | pāscāris pāscāre | pāscerēris pāscerēre |
| 3rd sg. | pāscātur | pāscerētur |
| 1st pl. | pāscāmur | pāscerēmur |
| 2nd pl. | pāscāminī | pāscerēminī |
| 3rd pl. | pāscantur | pāscerentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | pāsce | pāscere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | pāscite | pāsciminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | pāscitō | pāscitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | pāscitō | pāscitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | pāscitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | pāscuntō | pāscuntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | pāscere | pāscī |
| perfect infinitive | pāvisse pāsse | pāstum esse |
| future infinitive | pāstūrum esse | pāstum īrī |
| present participle | pāscēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | pāstus pāsta, pāstā, pāstae, pāstam, pāstārum, pāstās, pāste, pāstō, pāstōrum, pāstōs |
| future participle | pāstūrus pāstūra, pāstūrā, pāstūrae, pāstūram, pāstūrārum, pāstūrās, pāstūre, pāstūrī, pāstūrīs, pāstūrō, pāstūrōrum, pāstūrōs, pāstūrum | pāscendus pāscundus, pāscenda, pāscendā, pāscendae, pāscendam, pāscendārum, pāscendās, pāscende, pāscendīs, pāscendōrum, pāscendōs |
gerundpāscendī, pāscendō, pāscendumsupinepāstum, pāstū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- pastum ire
- to go to pasture.
- pastum agere
- to drive to pasture.
- pascere gregem
- to feed a flock (of goats).
- greges pascuntur (Verg. G. 3. 162)
- the herds are grazing.
- oculos pascere aliqua re (also simply pasci aliqua re)
- to feast one's eyes with the sight of...
pasco, pāvi, pastum, 3, v. a. and n. root pa-; Sanscr. gō-pas, herdsman; Gr. πατέομαι; cf. pabulum, pastor, Pales, panis; perh. also, Penates, penum,
I. to cause to eat, to feed, pasture.
I. Lit.
A. Of animals, to pasture, drive to pasture, to feed, attend to the feeding of, etc. (cf. pabulor):
cum sues puer pasceret, Cic. Div. 1, 17, 31: greges armentaque pavit, Ov. M. 6, 395: non, me pascente, capellae, cytisum carpetis, Verg. E. 1, 78: turpes sub gurgite phocas, id. G. 4, 395: ut pasceret porcos, Vulg. Luc. 15, 15. —2. = depasco, of land, to pasture, give as a pasture:
et vomere duros Exercent collis atque horum asperrima pascunt, Verg. A. 11. 319.—B. In gen., to feed, supply with food:
quot greges et quantos sit pasturus, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 24: bestias pascere, Cic. Off. 2, 4, 14: a quo (Catone) cum quaereretur, quid maxime in re familiari expediret? respondit: Bene pascere. Quid secundum? Satis bene pascere. Quid tertium? Male pascere, id. ib. 2, 25, 89: quid refert, quantum pascat aut feneret? Sen. Ep. 2, 5: plures calones atque caballi Pascendi, Hor. S. 1, 6, 103.— 2. To feed, nourish, maintain, support (syn.:
alo, nutrio): olusculis nos soles pascere, used to feed us with vegetables, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 13: quos, dives Anagnia, pascis, quos, Amasene pater, Verg. A. 7, 684: servi, ad quos pascendos transmarinarum regionum est optanda fertilitas, Sen. Ep. 17, 3; so, servos, Juv. 3, 141: viginti ventres pasco et canem, Petr. 57: nullā provinciarum pascente Italiam, Plin. 18, 3, 4, § 15: Juv. 7, 93.—Of one who gives frequent entertainments, to feast, entertain: cum plurimos suis sumptibus pasceret, Spart. Hadr. 17; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 41: se sutoris arte pascere, earn a living, Aug. Civ. Dei, 22, 8.—Rarely of things: et volsis pascunt radicibus herbae (sc. me), Verg. A. 3, 650.—3. To cherish, cultivate, let grow, feed, etc.—Poet.: barbam, i.e. to cherish, to let grow, πωγωνοτροφεῖν, Hor. S. 2, 3, 35:
sacrum (Baccho) crinem, Verg. A. 7, 391: genas Phoebo, crinem Iaccho, Stat. Th. 8, 493: Danaas paverunt Pergama flammas, fed, Ov. M. 14, 467: ubi Taurica dira Caede pharetratae pascitur ara deae, id. Tr. 4, 4, 63: polus dum sidera pascet, Verg. A. 1, 608; Luc. 10, 258: umbra pascens sata, Plin. 17, 12, 18, § 90: brevitate crassitudinem pascens, Plin. 14, 1, 3, § 13: agros, to till, cultivate, Mart. 10, 58, 9: nummos alienos, to keep adding to, heap debt on debt, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 35.—4. Of animals, to graze, browse (poet.):
pascentes capellae, Verg. E. 3, 96: columbae, id. A. 6, 199: saltibus in vacuis pascunt, id. G 3, 143: sed tunc pascebant herbosa Palatia vaccae, Tib. 2, 5, 25: ire vis, mula, pastum foras, Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 22.—Esp. b. In pass. reflex., with dep. force:
cetera pascuntur viridis armenta per herbas, Verg. G. 3, 162: pascitur in magnā Silā formosa juvenca, id. ib. 3, 219: frondibus et victu pascuntur simplicis herbae, id. ib. 3, 528: carice pastus acutā, id. ib. 3, 231; 341: si pulli non pascentur, Liv. 6, 41, 8: iterum pasto pascitur ante cibo, chews the cud, Ov. Am. 3, 5, 17 sq.—(b). Like depascere, with acc.:
silvas, Verg. G. 3, 314: mala gramina, id. A. 2, 471: apes arbuta, id. G. 4, 181: beluae pastae radices fruticum, Plin. 9, 3, 2, § 7.—II. Trop.
1. To feast, to gratify:
quos P. Clodii furor rapinis et incendiis et omnibus exitiis pavit, Cic. Mil. 2, 3: alicujus cruciatu atque supplicio pascere oculos animumque exsaturare, to feast, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 26, § 65; cf.: in ejus corpore lacerando ... oculos paverit suos, id. Phil. 11, 3, 8; Sen. Ep. 6, 6, 25: animum picturā pascit inani, Verg. A. 1, 464: spes inanes, to cherish, id. ib. 10, 627.—Of style: omnia quasi eodem cibo pasta, Petr. S. 2.—b. Pass. reflex.:
his ego rebus pascor, his delector, feast myself, Cic. Pis. 20, 45: pasci discordiis civium et seditione, id. Sest. 46, 99: ego hic pascor bibliothecā Fausti, id. Att. 4, 10, 1: qui maleficio et scelere pascuntur, live by, id. Off. 2, 11, 40: otia corpus alunt: animus quoque pascitur illis, Ov. P. 1, 4, 21: pasci dolore alicujus, id. M. 6, 280.— 2. To lay waste, ravage, desolate:
vestros campos, Liv. 25, 12: et pascent terram Assur in gladio, Vulg. Mic. 5, 6; cf.: pasce populum tuum in virgā tuā, id. ib. 7, 14.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
pāscō pāvī, pāstus, ere
PA-, to cause to eat, feed, supply with food : bestias: plures calones atque caballi Pascendi, H.— To feed, nourish, maintain, support : holusculis nos, feed with vegetables : quos dives Anagnia pascit, V.: servos, Iu.: volsis pascunt radicibus herbae (me), V.— To pasture, drive to pasture, attend : sues: greges armentaque, O.: non, me pascente, capellae, cytisum carpetis, V.—Pass, to be fed, feed, graze, pasture : si pulli non pascentur, L.: pascitur in magnā Silā iuvenca, V.: carice pastus acutā, V.: iterum pasto pascitur ante cibo, chews the cud , O. — To feed, supply, cherish, cultivate, let grow : barbam, H.: paverunt Pergama flammas, fed , O.: polus dum sidera pascet, feeds (with vapors), V.: nummos alienos, pile up debts , H.— To pasture, give as pasture : asperrima (collium), V.— To graze, browse : pascentes capellae, V.: saltibus in vacuis, V.: mala gramina, V.: apes arbuta, V.— To consume, lay waste, ravage, desolate : vestros campos, L.—Fig., to feast, delight, satisfy, feed, gratify : oculos, T.: quos Clodi furor incendiis pavit: supplicio oculos: animum picturā, V.: spes inanīs, cherish , V.: his ego rebus pascor, his delector, feast myself : maleficio et scelere pascuntur, live by : Pascere nostro dolore, O.
Origins
Inherited from Proto-Italic *pāskō, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (“to protect, shepherd”). Compare Ancient Greek ποιμαίνω (poimaínō, “to tend, feed, nourish”). Cognates include Attic Greek ποιμήν (poimḗn, “shepherd”), Sanskrit पाति (pā́ti, “to protect”), Old English fōda and fēdan (English food and feed), Old Church Slavonic пасти (pasti, “to pasture”). Unrelated to Attic Greek βόσκω (bóskō, “to feed, to tend”).
Descendants
- Catalanpéixer
- Italianpascere
- Occitanpàisser
- Occitanpàsquer
- Frenchpaîtrefrom Old French paistre
- Portuguesepascer
- Portuguesepastar
- Portuguesepastorar
- Portuguesepastorear
- Romanianpaște