verbfirst conjugation, no supine stem except in the future active participle, impersonal in the passive
obstō
obstō (present infinitive obstāre, perfect active obstitī, future active participle obstātūrus)
Classical[ˈɔp.stoː]Ecclesiastical[ˈɔb.sto]
Meaning
- impersonalto stand before, stand in the way of, obstruct, block, oppose
Quam simul ac tālī persēnsit peste tenērī cāra Iovis coniūnx, nec fāmam obstāre furōrī, [...].
And as soon as [Juno], dear wife of Jupiter, sensed that [Dido was now] gripped by such a plague [of passion], and that even [Dido’s regard for her own] reputation [had ceased] to oppose her [rush] to madness, ….29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.90-91 - impersonalto thwart, hinder
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
contrā stō, impediōobstō -āre — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 10 and Aeneis, ch. 12
in viā stō, prohibeōobstō -āre — in Metamorphoses I, ch. 9, 18, 20
Conjugation conjugation 1 future no-supine
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | obstō | obstābam | obstābō | obstitī | obstiteram | obstiterō |
| 2nd sg. | obstās | obstābās | obstābis | obstitistī | obstiterās | obstiteris |
| 3rd sg. | obstat | obstābat | obstābit | obstitit | obstiterat | obstiterit |
| 1st pl. | obstāmus | obstābāmus | obstābimus | obstitimus | obstiterāmus | obstiterimus |
| 2nd pl. | obstātis | obstābātis | obstābitis | obstitistis | obstiterātis | obstiteritis |
| 3rd pl. | obstant | obstābant | obstābunt | obstitērunt obstitēre | obstiterant | obstiterint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | obstem | obstārem | obstiterim | obstitissem |
| 2nd sg. | obstēs | obstārēs | obstiterīs | obstitissēs |
| 3rd sg. | obstet | obstāret | obstiterit | obstitisset |
| 1st pl. | obstēmus | obstārēmus | obstiterīmus | obstitissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | obstētis | obstārētis | obstiterītis | obstitissētis |
| 3rd pl. | obstent | obstārent | obstiterint | obstitissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | — | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | — | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | obstātur | obstābātur | obstābitur |
| 1st pl. | — | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | — | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | — | — | — |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | obstētur | obstārētur |
| 1st pl. | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | — | — |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | obstā | — |
| pres. 2nd pl. | obstāte | — |
| fut. 2nd sg. | obstātō | — |
| fut. 3rd sg. | obstātō | obstātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | obstātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | obstantō | — |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | obstāre | obstārī |
| perfect infinitive | obstitisse | — |
| future infinitive | obstātūrum esse | — |
| present participle | obstāns | — |
| future participle | obstātūrus obstātūra, obstātūrā, obstātūrae, obstātūram, obstātūrārum, obstātūrās, obstātūre, obstātūrī, obstātūrīs, obstātūrō, obstātūrōrum, obstātūrōs, obstātūrum | obstandum obstanda, obstandā, obstandae, obstandam, obstandārum, obstandās, obstande, obstandīs, obstandōrum, obstandōs, obstandus |
gerundobstandī, obstandō, obstandum
ob-sto, stĭti, ātum (obstaturus, Front. Aquaed. 123; Quint. 2, 11, 1; Stat. Th. 7, 247;
I. gen. plur. obstantum, Sil. 5, 277), 1, v. n., to stand before or against any thing.
I. In gen. (very rare): soli luna obstitit, Enn. ap. Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25 (Ann. v. 167 Vahl.); cf.: montibus obstipis obstantibus, id. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 193 Müll. (Ann. v. 407 ib.):
dominae niveis a vultibus obstas, Stat. S. 1, 2, 23; so, summis a postibus, id. Th. 4, 17: obviam, to stand in the way, Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 14.—II. In partic., to stand against or in the way of a person or thing; to withstand, thwart, hinder, oppose, obstruct (the class. signif. of the word; syn.: obsisto, adversor, officio).—Constr. with dat., absol., with quin, quominus, cur, or ne.
(a). With dat.:
quae tardis mora noctibus obstet, Verg. A. 1, 746: alicui, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 6: cur mihi te offers ac meis commodis officis et obstas? Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 112; cf. id. ib. 2, 6: vita cetera eorum huic sceleri obstat, their former life stands opposed to this crime, secures them against the suspicion of this crime, Sall. C. 52, 31: di omnes quibus obstitit Ilium, was an offence to, Verg. A. 6, 64: nam sic labentibus (aedibus) obstat vilicus, i. e. keeps from falling, Juv. 3, 194; cf. v. 243.—For the dat. in with acc. is found: in laudem vetustorum invidia non obstat, Sen. Ben. 7, 8, 2.—(b). Absol.: me obstare, illos obsequi, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 31, 66: restitant, occurrunt, obstant, id. ap. Non. 147, 9 (Sat. v. 5 ib.):
obstando magis quam pugnando castra tutabantur, Liv. 40 25: exercitus hostium duo obstant, block up the way, Sall. C. 58, 6; Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 15: si omnia removentur, quae obstant et impediunt, Cic. Ac. 2, 7, 19.—(g). With quin:
quibus non humana ulla, neque divina obstant, quin socios amicos trahant, exscindant, Sall. H. 4, 61, 17 Dietsch.—(d). With quominus:
quid obstat, quominus sit beatus? Cic. N. D. 1, 34, 95: ne quid divini humanive obstet, quominus justum piumque de integro ineatur bellum, Liv. 9, 8, 6.—(ε) With cur: quid obstat, cur non (verae nuptiae) fiant? Ter. And. 1, 1, 76.— (ζ) With ne: Histiaeus Milesius, ne res conficeretur, obstitit, Nep. Milt. 3, 5: cum ibi quoque religio obstaret, ne non posset nisi ab consule dici dictator, Liv. 4, 31, 4: ne id, quod placebat, decerneret in tantae nobilitatis viris, ambitio obstabat, id. 5, 36, 9.—b. Impers. pass.:
nec, si non obstatur, propterea etiam permittitur, Cic. Phil. 13, 6, 14: indignatur amans Obstari animae, Ov. M. 11, 788.—c. Part. pres. in plur. as subst.: obstantia, ĭum, n.:
obstantia silvarum amoliri, hinderances, obstructions, Tac. A. 1, 50.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
ob-stō stitī, —, āre,
to stand before, be opposite: soli luna obstitit, Enn. ap. C.: dum retro quercus eunti Obstitit, stopped his way, O.—To be in the way, withstand, thwart, hinder, oppose, obstruct: obstando magis quam pugnando castra tutabantur, L.: exercitūs hostium duo obstant, block the way, S.: Fata obstant, make it impossible, V.: Paulum negoti mi obstat, T.: res quae obstent Roscio: Obstitit incepto pudor, O.: meritis Romuli, i. e. suppress the fame of, H.: vita eorum huic sceleri obstat, acquits them of this crime, S.: di quibus obstitit Ilium, was an offence to, V.: labentibus (aedibus) obstat vilicus, i. e. keeps from falling, Iu.: ad conatūs verecundia irae obstabat, L.: quid obstat, quo minus sit beatus?: ne quid obstet, quo minus de integro ineatur bellum, L.: quid obstat, cur non (verae nuptiae) fiant? T.: cum religio obstaret, ne non posset dici dictator, L.: nec, si non obstatur, propterea etiam permittitur.
Origins
Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep-der. Proto-Indo-European *h₁épsder. Proto-Indo-European *h₁óp(i) Proto-Italic *op Latin ob Latin ob- Latin stō Latin obstō From ob- (“before, in front”) + stō (“stand”).
Descendants
- Catalanobstar
- Frenchôterfrom Old French oster
- Englishoustfrom Old French oster
- Italianostare
- Portugueseobstar
- Spanishobstar
- Galicianobstar
In English words that came into English from obstō
- obstacleobstāculum
- oustobstare
- obstetrixobstetrīx