noun · neutersecond declension
lignum
lignum n (genitive lignī)
Classical[ˈlɪŋ.nũː]Ecclesiastical[ˈliɲ.ɲum]
Mille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- neuterfirewood
- neuterwood tissue
- neutertree
Et erit tamquam lignum transplantatum iuxta rivulos aquarum quod fructum suum dabit in tempore suo. Et folium eius non defluet et omne quod fecerit prosperabitur
And he shall be like a tree which is planted near the running waters, which shall bring forth its fruit, in due season. And his leaf shall not fall off: and all whosoever he shall do shall prosper (Douay-Rheims translation)c. 347 CE – 420 CE, Hieronymus, Vulgate Psalm.1.3
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
ex lignō ignis fit et mēnsae et nāvēs; māteria arborum est.lignum -ī n — in Mille Verba, Arborēs et Plantae
māteria dūra arborislignum -ī (n) — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 14
Declension
| form | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | lignum | ligna |
| genitive | lignī | lignōrum |
| dative | lignō | lignīs |
| accusative | lignum | ligna |
| ablative | lignō | lignīs |
| vocative | lignum | ligna |
lignum, i, n. prob. root leg-, v. 2. lĕgo; that which is gathered, i. e. for firewood,
I. wood (firewood. opp. to materia, timber for building, Dig. 32, 1, 55).
I. Lit. (class. only in plur.):
ligna neque fumosa erunt et ardebunt bene, Cato, R. R. 130: ligna et sarmenta circumdare, ignem subicere, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 27, § 69: ignem ex lignis viridibus atque umidis fieri jussit, id. ib. 2, 1, 17, § 45: ligna super foco Large reponens, Hor. C. 1, 9, 5: ligna et virgas et carbones quibusdam videri esse in penu, Mas. Sab. ap. Gell. 4, 1, 22.—Prov.: in silvam ligna ferre, i. e. to perform useless labor, or, as we say in English, to carry coals to Newcastle, Hor. S. 1, 10, 34: lignorum aliquid posce, Juv. 7, 24.—B. In gen., timber, wood:
hos lignum stabat in usus, Annosam si forte nucem dejecerat Eurus, i. e. for making tables, Juv. 11, 118.—II. Transf.
A. That which is made of wood, a writing-tablet:
vana supervacui dicunt chirographa ligni, Juv. 13, 137; 16, 41; a plank: ventis animam committe, dolato confisus ligno, id. 12, 58.—B. The hard part of fruit, the shell (of a nut), or the stone or kernel (of cherries, plums, etc.):
bacarum intus lignum, Plin. 15, 28, 34, § 111; 15, 3, 3, § 10: lignum in pomo, id. 13, 4, 9, § 40; of grape-stones, id. 17, 21, 35, § 162.— C. A fault in table-tops, where the grain of the wood is not curly, but straight, Plin. 13, 15, 30, § 98.—
D. (Poet. and late Lat.) A tree, Verg. A. 12, 767; Hor. S. 1, 8, 1; id. C. 2, 13, 11:
lignum pomiferum, Vulg. Gen. 1, 11: lignum scientiae boni et mali, id. ib. 2, 9: lignum vitae, id. Apoc. 2, 9.—E. A staff, club (eccl. Lat.):
cum gladiis et lignis, Vulg. Marc. 14, 43 and 48.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
līgnum ī, n
1 LEG-, gathered wood, firewood (only in plur.): ligna circumdare, ignem subicere: ignem ex lignis viridibus fieri iussit: ligna super foco reponens, H.—Prov.. In silvam ligna ferre, i. e. carry coals to Newcastle , H.— Timber, wood : hos lignum stabat ad usūs, i. e. to make tables , Iu.— A piece of wood, something made of wood : fisso ligno, spearshaft , V.: leges incidere ligno, a wooden table , H.: mobile, a puppet , H.: supervacuum, writing-tablet , Iu.: dolato Confisus ligno, plank , Iu.— A tree : nautis venerabile, V.: triste, H.
Origins
From Proto-Italic *legnom, from Proto-Indo-European *leǵ-no-m (“that which is collected”), from *leǵ- (“to collect”), with the Italic form interpreted as "wood collected for firemaking". An alternative derivation from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ- (“to lie”), and associated interpretation as "stray wood", seems equally possible, phonetically and semantically.
Ibero-Romance
- Portugueselenhafrom Old Galician-Portuguese lenha
- Portugueselenhofrom Old Galician-Portuguese lenho
- Spanishleño
- Spanishleña
- Aragoneselenya
- Asturianlleñafrom Old Leonese lenna
- Asturianlleñefrom Old Leonese lenna
- Asturianlleñufrom Old Leonese lenna
- Mirandeselheinhafrom Old Leonese lenna
- Falaleñafrom Old Galician-Portuguese lenha
Italo-Romance
- Italianlegno
- Italianlegna
- Corsicanlegnu
- Corsicanlegna
- Corsicanlenghju
- Neapolitanligno
- Neapolitanliuno
- Neapolitanlivuno
- Neapolitanleuno
- Sicilianlignu
Occitano-Romance
- Catalanllenyafrom Old Catalan lenya
- Occitanlenhafrom Old Occitan lenh
Balkan Romance
- Romanianlemn
- Aromanianlemnu
- Aromanianlem
- Istro-Romanianlĕmnĕ
- Megleno-Romanianlemnu
- Megleno-Romanianlemu
Insular Romance
- Sardinianlinna
Dalmatian
- unknownlanc
Rhaeto-Romance
- Friulianlen
- Istriotlìgno
- Istriotlìgna
- Ladinlën
- Ladinlegn
- Ladinlënia
- Ladinlegna
- Romanshlain
- Romanshlaina
- Romanshlenn
Venetan
- Venetanłegno
- Venetanłen
- Venetanłégna
Gallo-Romance
- Emilianlaggna
- Emilianlaggn
- Ligurianlégno
- Lombardlégn
- Lombardlégna
- Piedmonteselëgna
- Romagnollègn
- Romagnollègna
- Old Frenchlegne
- Old Frenchlaigne
In English words that came into English from lignum
- lignitelignum
- lignifylignum
- ligninlignum
- ligneousligneus
- lignivorouslignum
- ligniperdouslignum
- ligniferouslignifer
- lignoselignōsus
- lignumlignum
- ligniformlignum