noun · femininefirst declension
lacrima
lacrima f (genitive lacrimae)
Classical[ˈɫa.krɪ.ma]Ecclesiastical[ˈlaː.kri.ma]
№ 354 of the 1,000 commonest wordsMille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- feminineliterallya tear (drop of liquid from crying)
Percussit īlicō animum: “Attat, hoc illud est — / hinc illae lacrimae, haec illāst misericordiā!”
Immediately it struck my mind: “Aha, this is what that is all about — hence those tears, this is the reason for that pity!” (Simo suddenly realizes why his son is so openly emotional; hinc illae lacrimae has become proverbial to mean “that’s the real reason for the sadness/problem.”)166 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Andria 125–126[...] Per ego hās lacrimās dextramque tuam tē [...].
“I [who] through these tears and [by] your own right hand”29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.314 - femininea tear or gumdrop exuding from plants
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
aqua parva quae ex oculō flentis cadit.lacrima -ae f — in Mille Verba, Animus et Adfectūs
aqua oculōrum dolentislacrimā -ae (f) — in Metamorphoses I, †
Declension
| form | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | lacrima | lacrimae lachrymae, lacrymae |
| genitive | lacrimae lachrymae, lacrymae | lacrimārum lachrymārum, lacrymārum |
| dative | lacrimae lachrymae, lacrymae | lacrimīs lachrymīs, lacrymīs |
| accusative | lacrimam lachrymam, lacrymam | lacrimās lachrymās, lacrymās |
| ablative | lacrimā | lacrimīs lachrymīs, lacrymīs |
| vocative | lacrima | lacrimae lachrymae, lacrymae |
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- lacrimis obortis
- with tears in one's eyes.
- lacrimae simulatae
- crocodiles' tears.
- multis cum lacrimis
- with many tears.
- lacrimas tenere non posse
- to be hardly able to restrain one's tears.
- prae lacrimis loqui non posse
- to be unable to speak for emotion.
- dolorem in lacrimas effundere
- to find relief in tears.
- lacrimas or fletum alicui movere
- to move to tears.
- in lacrimas effundi or lacrimis perfundi
- to be bathed in tears.
2 more phrases
- lacrimas, vim lacrimarum effundere, profundere
- to burst into a flood of tears.
- hinc illae lacrimae (proverb.) (Ter. And. 1. 1. 99; Cael. 25. 61)
- hence these tears; there's the rub.
lā^crĭma (archaic lacrŭma, not lacrўma, lachryma; old form dacrĭma, freq. in Livius Andronicus, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 68 Müll.;
I. v. the letter D), ae, f. dacru-ma, kindred with Gr. δάκρυ; Sanscr. asru for dasru; Goth. tah-ja; Engl. tear; Germ. Zaehre; cf. the Sanscr. root dans and Gr. δάκ-νω, to bite, a tear.
I. Lit.: meae in quem lacrumae guttatim cadunt, Enn. ap. Non. 116, 1 (Trag. v. 238 Vahl.):
miserae, id. ib. (Trag. v. 168 id.): lacrimas effundere, Lucr. 1, 125: cito arescit lacrima, praesertim in alienis malis, Cic. Part. Or. 17, 57: lacrimas dare ignoto, to shed a tear, to weep for, Ov. M. 11, 720: lacrumas mi haec, quom video, eliciunt, quia, etc., Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 13: ut mi excivisti lacrumas, id. Cist. 1, 1, 113: homini lacrumae cadunt quasi puero gaudio, tears fall from his eyes for joy, he sheds tears of joy, Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 20: lacrimis oculos suffusa nitentes, her brilliant eyes moistened with tears, Verg. A. 1, 228: neque prae lacrimis jam loqui possum, cannot speak for tears, Cic. Mil. 38, 105; cf. id. Planc. 41, 99: lacrimas non tenere, not withhold tears, not restrain them, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 67, § 172: tradere se lacrimis et tristitiae, id. Fam. 5, 14: lacrimis confici, id. ib. 14, 4: multis cum lacrimis obsecrare, Caes. B. G. 1, 20: manantibus prae gaudio lacrimis, shedding tears of joy, Curt. 7, 8, 5: lacrimis semper paratis, Juv. 6, 273: lacrumae confictae dolis, Ter. And. 3, 3, 26: diu cohibitae lacrimae prorumpunt, tears long restrained break forth, Plin. Ep. 3, 16: fatiscere in lacrimas, to dissolve in tears, Val. Fl. 3, 395: lacrumis opplet os totum sibi, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 65: lacrimas effundere, to shed, Lucr. 1, 126; Cic. Planc. 42, 101: profundere, id. Font. 17, 38: fundere, Vulg. Jud. 14, 16: mittere, to let flow, Sen. Ep. 76, 20; but lacrimas mitte, away with tears, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 27: lacrimae siccentur protinus, Juv. 16, 27: dare, Verg. A. 4, 370: ciere, to cause to flow, id. ib. 6, 468: movere, Quint. 4, 2, 77: commovere, Curt. 5, 5, 7: cohibere, Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 5: per lacrimas effundere bilem, Juv. 5, 159: ciere, Verg. A. 6, 468: lacrumas excussit mihi, forced from me, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 115: quis talia fando temperet a lacrimis, Verg. A. 2, 6: abstersis lacrimis, Curt. 5, 5, 8: absterget Deus omnem lacrymam ab oculis, Vulg. Apoc. 7, 17.—Prov.: hinc illae lacrumae, Ter. And. 1, 1, 99; imitated by Cic. Cael. 25, 61, and Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 41; cf.: inde irae et lacrimae, Juv. 1, 168.—II. Transf., a tear or gum-drop which exudes from plants:
narcissi, Verg. G. 4, 160: arborum, Plin. 11, 6, 5, § 14; 21, 5, 11, § 24; vitium, id. 23 praef. 3, § 3; Col. 10, 103.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
lacrima (old, lacruma), ae, f
a tear: cito exarescit lacrima: lacrimam dare ignoto, shed a tear for, O.: homini lacrimae cadunt gaudio, he sheds tears of joy, T.: lacrimis oculos suffusa nitentīs, her eyes moistened with tears, V.: neque prae lacrimis iam loqui possum, cannot speak for tears: lacrimas vix tenere, restrain: multis cum lacrimis obsecrare, Cs.: lacrimis opplet os lotum sibi, T.: lacrimas mitte, away with tears, T.: lacrimas profundere: ciere, to cause to flow, V.: lacrimas excussit mihi, forced from me, T.: quis talia fando Temperet a lacrimis, V.: his lacrimis vitam damus, (moved) by this lament, V.—Prov.: hinc illae lacrimae, T.: inde irae et lacrimae, Iu.—A tear, gum-drop (from plants): Narcissi, V., O.
Origins
PIE word *dáḱru From Old Latin dacrima, dacruma, perhaps from Proto-Italic *d(r)(k)akrunā, from Proto-Indo-European *dáḱru-, from earlier compound *dr̥ḱ-h₂eḱru- (“eye bitter”). For the shift d>l, see also lingua (“tongue”).
Gallo-Romance
- Catalanllàgrima
- Frenchlarmefrom Old French lerme
- Occitanlagrema
- Franco-Provençallegrema
- Franco-Provençallârma
- Auvergnatlarmafrom Occitan lagrema
- Gasconlarmafrom Occitan lagrema
- Gasconlhèrmafrom Occitan lagrema
- Limousingremafrom Occitan lagrema
- Limousingramelafrom Occitan lagrema
Ibero-Romance
- Portugueselágrimafrom Old Galician-Portuguese lagrima
- Portugueselarmafrom Old Galician-Portuguese lagrima
- Spanishlágrimafrom Old Spanish lagrema
- Ribagorçanllárimafrom Aragonese glarima
- Ribagorçanllágrimafrom Aragonese glarima
- Ribagorçangllárimafrom Aragonese glarima
- Asturianllárima
- Asturianllágrima
- Asturianllégrima
- Asturianllérima
Insular Romance
- Sardinianlàcrima
- Sardinianlàgrima
- Sardinianlàmigra
Balkan Romance
- Romanianlacrămă
- Romanianlacrimă
- Aromanianlacãrmã
- Aromanianlacrimã
- Aromanianlacrãmã
- Aromanianlãcrimeauã
Italo-Romance
- Italianlacrima
- Italianlagrima
- Istriotlagrama
- Neapolitanlàcrema
- Neapolitanlàgrema
- Sicilianlàcrima
- Sicilianlàgrima
- Sicilianlàrima
North Italian
- Emilianlègruma
- Emilianlègherma
- Emilianlàgrima
- Friulianlagrime
- Lombardlàgrima
- Piedmonteselerma
- Piedmonteselarma
- Romanshlarma
- Venetanłàgrema
- Venetanlàgrema
Elsewhere
- Vulgar Latin*lacrimizāre
In English words that came into English from lacrima
- lachrymosedacrima
- lacrimallacrimālis
- haemolacrialacrima
- alacrimalacrima
- lachrymallachrymālis
- lachrymiformlacrima
- larmierlacrima
- lacrimationlacrimātiō
- lacriformlacrima