verbfirst conjugation
inquinō
inquinō (present infinitive inquināre, perfect active inquināvī, supine inquinātum)
Classical[ˈɪŋ.kʷɪ.noː]Ecclesiastical[ˈiŋ.kʷi.no]
inquināte 2nd pl. pres. act. imper.
Meaning
- to pollute, defile, stain, befoul
quid facis? amplexus inquinat illa tuōs.
What are you doing? Her embrace defiles yours. (Ariadne accuses her husband of infidelity.)8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 3.496 - to corrupt, contaminate
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
impūrum faciō, id est nōn pūruminquinō -āre — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 3
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Contaminare · Inquinare · Polluere
Contaminare (from contingo, contagio) means defilement in its pernicious effect, as the corruption of what is sound and useful; inquinare (from cunire, or from πίνος), in its loathsome effect, as marring what is beautiful, like μορύσσειν; polluere (from pullus, πελλός), in its moral effect, as the desecration of what is holy and pure, like μιαίνειν. Cic. Cæcil. 21, 70. Judiciis corruptis et contaminatis; compare with Cœl. 6. Libidinibus inquinari; and Rosc. Am. 26, 71. Noluerunt in mare deferri, ne ipsum pollueret, quo cætera quæ violata sunt, expiari putantur. (ii. 56.)
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | inquinō | inquinābam | inquinābō | inquināvī | inquināveram | inquināverō inquinārō |
| 2nd sg. | inquinās | inquinābās | inquinābis | inquināvistī inquināstī | inquināverās inquinārās | inquināveris |
| 3rd sg. | inquinat | inquinābat | inquinābit | inquināvit | inquināverat inquinārat | inquināverit inquinārit |
| 1st pl. | inquināmus | inquinābāmus | inquinābimus | inquināvimus | inquināverāmus | inquināverimus inquinārimus |
| 2nd pl. | inquinātis | inquinābātis | inquinābitis | inquināvistis inquināstis | inquināverātis inquinārātis | inquināveritis inquināritis |
| 3rd pl. | inquinant | inquinābant | inquinābunt | inquināvērunt inquināvēre, inquinārunt | inquināverant inquinārant | inquināverint inquinārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | inquinem | inquinārem | inquināverim inquinārim | inquināvissem inquināssem |
| 2nd sg. | inquinēs | inquinārēs | inquināverīs | inquināvissēs inquināssēs |
| 3rd sg. | inquinet | inquināret | inquināverit inquinārit | inquināvisset inquināsset |
| 1st pl. | inquinēmus | inquinārēmus | inquināverīmus inquinārīmus | inquināvissēmus inquināssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | inquinētis | inquinārētis | inquināverītis inquinārītis | inquināvissētis inquināssētis |
| 3rd pl. | inquinent | inquinārent | inquināverint inquinārint | inquināvissent inquināssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | inquinor | inquinābar | inquinābor |
| 2nd sg. | inquināris inquināre | inquinābāris inquinābāre | inquināberis inquinābere |
| 3rd sg. | inquinātur | inquinābātur | inquinābitur |
| 1st pl. | inquināmur | inquinābāmur | inquinābimur |
| 2nd pl. | inquināminī | inquinābāminī | inquinābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | inquinantur | inquinābantur | inquinābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | inquiner | inquinārer |
| 2nd sg. | inquinēris inquinēre | inquinārēris inquinārēre |
| 3rd sg. | inquinētur | inquinārētur |
| 1st pl. | inquinēmur | inquinārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | inquinēminī | inquinārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | inquinentur | inquinārentur |
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | inquinā | inquināre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | inquināte | inquināminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | inquinātō | inquinātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | inquinātō | inquinātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | inquinātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | inquinantō | inquinantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | inquināre | inquinārī |
| perfect infinitive | inquināvisse inquināsse | inquinātum esse |
| future infinitive | inquinātūrum esse | inquinātum īrī |
| present participle | inquināns inquinante, inquinantem, inquinantēs, inquinantī, inquinantia, inquinantibus, inquinantis, inquinantīs, inquinantium | — |
| perfect participle | — | inquinātus inquināta, inquinātā, inquinātae, inquinātam, inquinātārum, inquinātās, inquinātī, inquinātōrum, inquinātōs |
| future participle | inquinātūrus inquinātūra, inquinātūrā, inquinātūrae, inquinātūram, inquinātūrārum, inquinātūrās, inquinātūre, inquinātūrī, inquinātūrīs, inquinātūrō, inquinātūrōrum, inquinātūrōs, inquinātūrum | inquinandus inquinanda, inquinandā, inquinandae, inquinandam, inquinandārum, inquinandās, inquinande, inquinandīs, inquinandōrum, inquinandōs |
gerundinquinandī, inquinandō, inquinandumsupineinquinātum, inquinātū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- vita omnibus flagitiis inquinata
- a life defiled by every crime.
- oratio inquinata (De Opt. Gen. Or. 3. 7)
- incorrect language.
- vitiis, sceleribus inquinatum, contaminatum, obrutum esse
- to be vicious, criminal.
inquĭno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. cunire, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 50 Müll.,
I. to befoul, stain, pollute, defile (syn.: polluo, contamino, conspurco).
I. Lit.:
vestem, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 17: mentior at si quid, merdis caput inquiner albis Corvorum, Hor. S. 1, 8, 37: ruris opes niteant: inquinet arma situs, Ov. F. 4, 928: (gurgitem) venenis, id. M. 14, 56: segetem injecto lolio, Dig. 9, 2, 27. — II. Trop., to pollute, defile, corrupt, contaminate: saepe unus puer petulans atque impurus inquinat gregem puerorum, Varr. ap. Non. 168, 7:
amicitiam nomine criminoso, Cic. Planc. 19, 46: agros turpissimis possessoribus, id. Phil, 2, 17, 43: omnem splendorem honestatis, id. Fin. 5, 8, 22: urbis jura et exempla corrumpere domesticaque immanitate inquinare, id. Deiot. 12, 23: senatum, Liv. 9, 46, 10: famam alterius, id. 29, 37 med.: argumenta puerorum foedis amoribus, Quint. 10, 1, 100; cf. id. 2, 5, 24; 4, 2, 102: se parricidio, Cic. Tusc. 5, 2, 6: se vitiis atque flagitiis, id. ib. 1, 30, 72: nuptias et genus et domos, Hor. C. 3, 6, 18: Juppiter inquinavit aere tempus aureum, id. Epod. 16, 64.—Hence, inquĭnātus, a, um, P. a., befouled, polluted. B. Trop., defiled, impure, filthy, base.
1. In gen.:
omnibus flagitiis vita inquinata, Cic. Rosc. Am. 24, 68: nihil hoc homine inquinatius, id. Fl. 22, 53: sordidissima ratio et inquinatissima, id. Off. 2, 6, 21: quis in voluptate inquinatior, id. Cael. 6, 13: comitia largitione inquinata, id. Q. Petit. Cons. fin.: dextra inquinatior, Cat. 33, 3: sermo inquinatissimus, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 26, § 65.—2. In partic.
a. Of speech, low, base:
est vitiosum in verbis, si inquinatum, si abjectum, Cic. Opt. Gen. Or. 3, 7: versus inquinatus, insuavissima littera, id. Or. 49, 163. — b. Tinctured, slightly imbued with any thing (cf. A. 2.):
litteris satis inquinatus est, Petr. Fragm. Trag. 46 Burm.: non inquinati sumus (istis vitiis), sed infecti, Sen. Ep. 59 med.— Adv.: inquĭnātē, filthily, impurely; loqui, Cic. Brut. 37, 140; 74, 258. Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
inquinō āvī, ātus, āre,
to befoul, stain, pollute, defile: merdis caput inquiner albis Corvorum, H.: inquinet arma situs, O.—Fig., to pollute, defile, corrupt, contaminate, debase: amicitiam nomine criminoso: splendorem honestatis: senatum, L.: famam alterius, L.: se vitiis: nuptīas et genus et domos, H.: aere tempus aureum, H.
Origins
Uncertain; according to the 8th century abridgment of Festus by Paul the Deacon, the word comes from cunio (“to shit”). Cognate with caenum, obscenus according to Pokorny.
Descendants
- Spanishenconar
- Englishinquinate
- Italianinquinare
- Portugueseinquinar
- Spanishinquinar
In English words that came into English from inquinō
- inquinateinquināre