hospes
Meaning
- femininemasculinehost
- femininemasculineguest, visitor
- femininemasculinestranger, foreigner
Atque ita "longa via est, nec tempora longa supersunt,"
And this is what he said: “The road is long, and not long are the hours remaining [in this day]; and our door is open to strangers.” (Hyrieus unknowingly welcomes Jupiter, Neptune, and Mercury; the gods later grant Hyrieus’s wish to become a father. See: Hyrieus; Orion (mythology).)8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 5.501–502 - femininemasculineunaware, inexperienced, untrained
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
quī apud aliēnōs accipitur; etiam quī accipit. Hospitem laedere nefās est.quī hospitiō accipitperegrīnus quī hospitium petitperegrīnus quī apud aliōs estfēmina peregrīnaChoosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Hospes · Adventor
Hospes is the guest who visits his friend; adventor, the person who puts up at his host’s. Sen. Benef. i. 14. Nemo se stabularii aut cauponis hospitem judicat. (iv. 392.)
Exterus · Externus · Peregrinus · Alienigena · Extrarius · Extraneus · Advena · Hospes
1. Exterus and externus denote a foreigner, as one dwelling in a foreign country; whereas peregrinus, alienigena, advena, and hospes, as one who sojourns for a time in a country not his own. 2. Externus denotes a merely local relation, and is applicable to things as well as to persons; but exterus, an intrinsic relation, and is an epithet for persons only. Externæ nationes is a merely geographical expression for nations that are situated without; exteræ nationes, a political expression for foreign nations. 3. Extraneus means, that which is without us, in opp. to relatives, family, native country; whereas extrarius, in opp. to one’s self. Cic. ap. Colum. xii. Comparata est opera mulieris ad domesticam diligentiam; viri autem ad exercitationem forensem et extraneam: comp. with Juv. ii. 56. Utilitas aut in corpore posita est aut in extrariis rebus: or Quintil. vii. 2, 9, with vii. 4, 9. 4. Peregrinus is one who does not possess the right of citizenship, in opp. to civis, Sen. Helv. 6; alienigena, one born in another country, in opp. to patrius and indigena; advena, the emigrant, in opp. to indigena, Liv. xxi. 30; hospes, the foreigner, in opp. to popularis. 5. Peregrinus is the political name of a foreigner, as far as he is without the rights of a citizen and native inhabitant, with disrespect; hospes, the name given to him from a feeling of kindness, as possessing the rights of hospitality. Cic. Rull. ii. 34. Nos autem hinc Romæ, qui veneramus, jam non hospites sed peregrini atque advenæ nominabamur. (iv. 386.)
Declension
| form | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | hospes hospita | hospitēs hospitae |
| genitive | hospitis hospitae | hospitum hospitārum |
| dative | hospitī hospitae | hospitibus |
| accusative | hospitem hospitam | hospitēs hospitās |
| ablative | hospite hospitā | hospitibus |
| vocative | hospes hospita | hospitēs hospitae |
Trag. Fragm. v. 51 Rib.: hospes amica, Ov. F. 6, 510: Aurora, Stat. Th. 6, 272; Sen. Agam. 318 al.) [= hostipets, hostis, a stranger; pa-, root of pasco, pater, to feed, hence], form hospes: alterum ad cauponem devertisse, ad hospitem alterum, Cic. Div. 1, 27, 57; so id. Fin. 5, 2, 4: tendimus hinc recta Beneventum, ubi sedulus hospes Paene macros, arsit, dum turdos versat in igne, etc., Hor. S. 1, 5, 71: succinctus, id. ib. 2, 6, 107: amabilis, id. Ep. 2, 2, 132: hospitis affectu salutare, with a host's politeness, Juv. 8, 161.—Esp., one upon whom soldiers are quartered, Tac. H. 2, 66; 3, 41.—Hence repeated of both host and guest: per dexteram istam te oro, quam regi Deiotaro hospes hospiti porrexisti, Cic. Deiot. 3, 8; so, non hospes ab hospite tutus, Ov. M. 1, 144: Juppiter, = hospitalis, id. ib. 10, 224.—Fem., hospita, she who entertains a guest, a hostess: femina primaria, Servilia, vetere Dionis hospita, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 8, § 24: figura et lineamenta hospitae, id. ib. 2, 2, 36, § 89: Helene, Hor. C. 1, 15, 2.—In late Lat., for a concubine, Inscr. Orell. 2669; 4996. —in domo clari hominis, in quam et hospites multi recipiendi et admittenda hominum cujusque modi multitudo, Cic. Off. 1, 39, 139: libri inter Cratippi commentarios tamquam hospites recipiendi, id. ib. 3, 33, 121: recipere hospites, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 25, § 65: accipere hospitem, id. Fam. 9, 26 fin.: non hospites, sed peregrini atque advenae, id. Agr. 2, 34, 94: habuisses non hospitem, sed contubernalem, id. Fam. 9, 20, 1: et hostem et hospitem vidit, id. Div. 2, 37, 79; 6, 6, 2: is qui nuper Romae fuit Menedemus hospes meus, id. de Or. 1, 19, 85; cf. id. Lael. 7, 24: Polybius noster hospes, id. Rep. 4, 3: id factum ex suis hospitibus Caesar cognoverat, Caes. B. G. 5, 6, 2: in suos notos hospitesque quaerebant, id. B. C. 1, 74, 5: hospes familiae vestrae, Cic. Lael. 11, 36: homo multorum hospitum, id. Clu. 59, 163: mihi seu longum post tempus venerat hospes Sive, etc., Hor. S. 2, 2, 118: si vespertinus subito te oppresserit hospes, id. ib. 2, 4, 17: hospite venturo, cessabit nemo tuorum, Juv. 14, 59: in officiis apud majores ita observatum est: primum tutelae, deinde hospiti, deinde clienti, tum cognato, postea adfini, Sabin. ap. Gell. 5, 13, 5.—In fem.: meamne hic in via hospitam, Quae heri huc Athenis cum hospite advenit meo, etc., Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 8; id. ib. 71; Ter. And. 2, 6, 8; Cic. Att. 5, 1, 3.—advena, peregrinus, peregrinator, alienus): adeone hospes hujusce urbis, adeone ignarus es disciplinae consuetudinisque nostrae, ut haec nescias? Cic. Rab. Perd. 10, 28: nec peregrinus atque hospes in agendo, id. de Or. 1, 50, 218: nos in nostra urbe peregrinantes errantesque tamquam hospites tui libri quasi domum deduxerunt, id. Ac. 1, 3, 9.—So in addressing a foreigner, like the Gr. ξένε, stranger: cum (Theophrastus) percontaretur ex anicula quadam, quanti aliquid venderet, et respondisset illa atque addidisset, Hospes, non pote minoris: tulisse eum moleste, se non effugere hospitis speciem, cum aetatem ageret Athenis optimeque loqueretur, id. Brut. 46, 172; Quint. 8, 1, 2: dic, hospes, Spartae, nos te hic vidisse jacentes, Cic. poët. Tusc. 1, 42, 101 (a transl. of the Gr. Ὦ ξεῖνʼ, ἀγγέλλειν Λακεδαιμονίοις, etc., Herod. 7, 228): hospes, quid miras curare Serapin? Varr. ap. Non. 480, 30; Prop. 4, 1, 1.—Fem., hospita, a female stranger: hanc hospitam crepidula ut graphice decet, Plaut. Pers. 4, 2, 3.—si erit idem in consuetudine civitatis hospes, Cic. de Or. 2, 30, 131: vos ignoretis, vos hospites in hac urbe versamini, id. Mil. 12, 33.—tecta, etc., Stat. Th. 12, 479: cymba, id. S. 5, 1, 252: honor, Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 650.—navis, Ov. F. 1, 340: quo tutior hospita lustres Aequora, Verg. A. 3, 377: conjunx hospita Teucris, id. ib. 6, 93: terra hospita, id. ib. 3, 539: tecta, Val. Fl. 2, 650: flumina, Stat. Th. 4, 842: litora mundo, id. S. 3, 5, 75: unda plaustris, bearing wagons on its frozen surface, Verg. G. 3, 362: vina, Val. Fl. 1, 44.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*gʰóstis
- Proto-Indo-European*pótis
- Proto-Indo-European*gʰóstipotis
- Proto-Italic*hostipotis
- Latinhospes
From Proto-Italic *hostipotis, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰóstipotis, a compound of *gʰóstis (whence hostis) and *pótis (whence potis); etymologically equivalent to hostis + potis. Cognate with Proto-Slavic *gospodь.
- Catalanhoste
- Frenchhôtefrom Old French oste
- Englishhostfrom Old French oste
- Italianostefrom Old French oste
- Italianospite
- Occitanòste
- Portuguesehóspede
- Spanishhuésped
- Irishóstafrom Old French oste
- Friulianospit
- Romanianoaspete
- Romanianoaspe
- Romanianoaspăt
- Aromanianoaspi
- Aromanianoaspe
- Aromanianospi
- Franco-Provençalhôpte
In English words that came into English from hospes
- hosthospitem
- hospitalhospitālis
- hotelhospitālis
- hostelhospitale
- hospitalityhospitālitās
- hospicehospitium
- hostlerhostilārius
- hospitizehospes
- hospitiumhospitium
- hospitioushospitium
- hospitagehospitagium