adjectivethird-declension two-termination adjective
grandis
grandis (neuter grande, comparative grandior, superlative grandissimus, adverb grande or granditer)
Classical[ˈɡran.dɪs]Ecclesiastical[ˈɡran.dis]
Meaning
- two terminationfull-grown, grown up
- two terminationlarge, great, grand, lofty, big
- two terminationpowerful
- two terminationaged, old
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Magnus · Grandis · Amplus · Ingens · Immanis · Vastus
1. Magnus, grandis, and amplus, denote a becoming greatness; ingens, immanis, and vastus, an overwhelming greatness. Sen. Ir. i. 16. Nec enim magnitudo ista est, sed immanitas. Cic. Læl. 26. 2. Magnus (from μέγα, mactus,) denotes greatness without any accessory notion, in opp. to parvus, like μέγας; whereas grandis, with the accessory notion of intrinsic strength and grandeur, in opp. to exilis, Sen. Ep. 100; subtilis, Quintil. xii. 10, 58; tumidus, in the same book, § 80; minutus, Cels. ii. 18; exiguus, Quintil. xi. 3, 15; lastly, amplus (adj. from ambi) with the accessory notion of comeliness, and of an imposing impression. 3. Ingens (ἄγονος) denotes excessive greatness merely as extraordinary, like ἄπλετος; immanis (ἀμήχανος) as exciting fear, like πελώριος; vastus (from vagus?) as wanting regularity of form like ἀχανής. (iii. 228.)
Declension
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | grandis grandiculus | grandis grandicula | grande grandiculum |
| genitive | grandis grandiculī | grandis grandiculae | grandis grandiculī |
| dative | grandī grandiculō | grandī grandiculae | grandī grandiculō |
| accusative | grandem grandiculum | grandem grandiculam | grande grandiculum |
| ablative | grandī grandiculō | grandī grandiculā | grandī grandiculō |
| vocative | grandis grandicule | grandis grandicula | grande grandiculum |
| locative | grandī | grandī | grandī |
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | grandēs grandiculī | grandēs grandiculae | grandia grandicula |
| genitive | grandium grandiculōrum | grandium grandiculārum | grandium grandiculōrum |
| dative | grandibus grandiculīs | grandibus grandiculīs | grandibus grandiculīs |
| accusative | grandīs grandēs, grandiculōs | grandīs grandēs, grandiculās | grandia grandicula |
| ablative | grandibus grandiculīs | grandibus grandiculīs | grandibus grandiculīs |
| vocative | grandēs grandiculī | grandēs grandiculae | grandia grandicula |
| locative | grandibus | grandibus | grandibus |
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- grandis natu
- aged.
- grandior factus
- having reached man's estate.
- exemplum magnum, grande
- a weighty example, precedent.
- fenus iniquissimum, grande, grave
- exorbitant rate of interest.
- pecunia magna, grandis (multum pecuniae)
- much money.
- grande, magnum (opp. exiguum) aes alienum conflare
- to incur debts on a large scale.
- genus dicendi grave or grande, medium, tenue (cf. Or. 5. 20; 6. 21)
- elevated, moderate, plain style.
grandis, e, adj. cf. gradus; also Germ. gross; Engl. great,
I. full-grown, large, great, full, abundant (class.; most freq. of things; for syn. cf.: magnus, ingens, amplus, procerus, vastus, enormis).
I. Lit.
A. In gen.:
ita, quicquid (olerum) erat, grande erat, Plaut. Cas. 5, 2, 35; cf.: ager novatus et iteratus, quo meliores fetus possit et grandiores edere, Cic. de Or. 2, 30, 131: quae seges grandissima atque optima fuerit, Varr. R. R. 1, 52; 1: farra, old poet. ap. Macr. S. 5, 20 fin.: frumenta, Verg. A. 4, 405: hordea, id. E. 5, 36: lilia, id. ib. 10, 25: ilex, Sall. J. 93, 4; cf.: et antiqua robora, Quint. 10, 1, 88: grandissimum alicae genus, Plin. 18, 11, 29, § 112: grandissimae olivae, id. 15, 3, 4, § 15 et saep.: litterae (opp. minutae), Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 68; cf.: epistola sane grandis, Cic. Att. 13, 21, 1: sane grandes libri, id. Rep. 3, 8: grandiores libri, id. Att. 13, 13, 1: verbosa et grandis epistula, Juv. 10, 71: erat incisum grandibus litteris, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 34, § 74: corpora, Lucr. 6, 303: saxa, id. 1, 289; Caes. B. G. 7, 23, 2; 7, 46, 3; cf.: cervi eminentes, id. ib. 7, 72, 4: tumulus terrenus, id. ib. 1, 43, 1: vas, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 21, § 47; cf. patella, id. ib. § 46: speculum, Quint. 11, 3, 68: cothurni, Hor. A. P. 80: lumina, Ov. M. 5, 545; cf. membra, id. ib. 10, 237: ossa, id. ib. 9, 169: conchae, Cic. N. D. 2, 48, 123: rhombi, Hor. S. 2, 2, 95; cf.: opes grandiores, Plin. 11, 16, 16, § 47: smaragdi, Lucr. 4, 1126: divitiae, id. 5, 1118; cf.: alicui grandem pecuniam credere, Cic. Rab. Post. 2, 4: pecunia, Cic. Verr. 1, 9, 24; id. Fam. 13, 61; Sall. C. 49, 3; Liv. 10, 46, 10; 27, 20, 7; 32, 40, 9; Suet. Aug. 12; id. Ner. 24; cf. faenus, Cic. Fl. 21, 51: aes alienum, Sall. C. 14, 2; 24, 3; Plin. 7, 38, 39, § 127; cf. also: donativum grandius solito, Suet. Galb. 16: cenae, Quint. 10, 1, 58; cf. convivium, id. 11, 2, 12: amiculum grandi pondere, Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83; cf.: grande pondus argenti, id. Caecin. 4, 12: grande onus exiguo formicas ore gerentes, Ov. M. 7, 625: elementa, bulky, massive, heavy, id. ib. 1, 29.—In neutr. as grandia ingrediens, advancing with great strides: μακρὰ βιβάς, Gell. 9, 11, 5: grandia incedens, Amm. 22, 14.—B. Of persons, grown up, big, tall; and more freq. pregn., advanced in years, aged, old; also with natu or aevo.
(a). Absol.:
an sedere oportuit domi virginem tam grandem, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 39: videras grandis jam puer bello Italico, etc., Cic. Pis. 36, 87: nobilis ut grandi cecinit Centaurus alumno (i. e. Achilli), Hor. Epod. 13, 11: (Q. Maximus) et bella gerebat ut adolescens, cum plane grandis esset, etc., Cic. de Sen. 4, 10; cf. Lucr. 2, 1164: legibus annalibus cum grandiorem aetatem ad consulatum constituebant, adolescentiae temeritatem verebantur, etc. (shortly after: progressus aetatis), a more advanced age, Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 47; so, grandior aetas, Ov. M. 6, 28; 7, 665: quandoquidem grandi cibus aevo denique defit, Lucr. 2, 1141: metuens virgae jam grandis Achilles cantabat, Juv. 7, 210.—(b). With natu or aevo:
non admodum grandis natu, sed tamen jam aetate provectus, Cic. de Sen. 4, 10; so, grandis natu, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 49, § 128; id. Rosc. Com. 15, 44; Plin. Ep. 8, 23, 7; Suet. Ner. 34; id. Aug. 89; Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 49; cf.: in aetate consideratur puer an adolescens, natu grandior an senex, Cic. Inv. 1, 24, 35; so, grandior natu, Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 37: grandi jam natu vexatus, Suet. Aug. 53: grandis aevo parens, Tac. A. 16, 30 fin.; cf.: jam grandior aevo genitor, Ov. M. 6, 321.—II. Trop.
A. In gen., great, strong, powerful: subsellia grandiorem et pleniorem vocem desiderant. Cic. Brut. 84, 289:
vox (opp. exigua), Quint. 11, 3, 15: perspicuo et grandi vitio praeditum exemplum, Cic. Inv. 1, 47, 88; cf.: exemplis grandioribus uti, id. Div. 1, 20, 39: de rebus grandioribus dicere, id. Fin. 3, 5, 19: supercilium, lofty, Juv. 6, 169: Maecenas, mearum Grande decus columenque rerum, Hor. C. 2, 17, 4: ingenium, Ov. M. 6, 574: certamen, Hor. C. 3, 20, 7: munus, id. ib. 2, 1, 11: praemia meritorum, id. Ep. 2, 2, 38: carmen, Juv. 6, 636: malum, Hor. S. 2, 1, 49: lethargus, id. ib. 2, 3, 145: alumnus, noble, id. Epod. 13, 11: si metit Orcus Grandia cum parvis, id. Ep. 2, 2, 179; so absol.: grandia, id. C. 1, 6, 9; id. A. P. 27.—B. In partic., of style, great, grand, lofty, sublime:
genus quoque dicendi grandius quoddam et illustrius esse adhibendum videtur, Cic. de Or. 2, 82, 337: grande atque robustum genus dicendi (opp. subtile), Quint. 12, 10, 58: causae (opp. pusillae), id. 11, 3, 151: antiqua comoedia, id. 10, 1, 65: grandia et tumida themata, id. 2, 10, 6: sententiae, id. 2, 11, 3: grandia elate, jucunda dulciter, moderata leniter canit, id. 1, 10, 24.—Of the speaker: (oratores Thucydidi aequales) grandes erant verbis, crebri sententiis, compressione rerum breves, Cic. Brut. 7, 29; cf.: Thucydides rerum gestarum pronunciator sincerus et grandis, id. ib. 83, 287: causidicus amplus atque grandis, id. Or. 9, 30: quo grandior sit et quasi excelsior orator, id. ib. 34, 119: oratores, alii grandes aut graves aut copiosi, id. Opt. Gen. 1, 2: multis locis grandior (Lysias), id. ib. 3, 9: fiunt pro grandibus tumidi, Quint. 10, 2, 16; 10, 1, 77.—Adv.: in two forms. A. grandĭter (acc. to II.), greatly, strongly, very (poet. and in postAug. prose):
quamvis grandius ille (Alcaeus) sonet, sublimely, Ov. H. 15, 30: illud mihi inter maxima granditer cordi est, exceedingly, Sid. Ep. 7, 4: frugi pater, id. ib. 2: affectus, Aug. Conf. 1, 9.—B. grandō (rare and poet.), the same:
grande fremens, strongly, aloud, Stat. Th. 12, 684: grande sonat. Juv. 6, 517.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
grandis e, adj. with comp.
2 GAR-.—Of things, full-grown, large, great, full, abundant : tumulus, Cs.: vas: fetūs grandiores edere: ilex, S.: grandiores libri: litterae: cothurni, H.: pecunia, a large sum : faenus: aes alienum, S.: pondus argenti: elementa, massive , O.—Of persons, grown up, large, big, tall : virgo, T.: puer.— Advanced in years, aged, old : homo grandior, T.: grandiorem aetatem ad consulatum constituere: non admodum grandis natu: tam grandis natu: iam grandior aevo genitor, O.—Fig., large, great, strong, powerful, weighty, severe : dicam tibi inpin gam grandem, T.: de rebus grandioribus dicere: supercilium, lofty , Iu.: ingenium, O.: praemia meritorum, H.: carmen, Iu.: alumnus, noble , H.— Plur n . as subst: metit Orcus Grandia cum parvis, H.: nec Conamur tenues grandia, H.—Of style, great, lofty, dignified, noble : genus dicendi grandius: rerum gestarum pronuntiator: causidicus: oratores verbis.
Origins
From Proto-Italic *grandis, of unclear origin. Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *gʰer- (“to rub, to grind”), and connected to Proto-Germanic *grautaz (“big in size, coarse, coarse grained”) (whence English great). A different etymology, favored by Pokorny, derives the word from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰrendʰ- (“to swell”), and connects the word to Ancient Greek βρένθος (brénthos, “arrogance”) and Proto-Slavic *grǫ̑dь (“breast”). However, De Vaan is skeptical of the latter *gʷʰrendʰ- derivation (and doesn't mention the former *gʰer- theory) due to phonetic difficulties and the wide semantic gap between "breast-pride" and "breast-large". He also doubts alternative derivations from Vasconian (and comparisons to Basque handi (“big”)), and ultimately leaves the origin open. Compare also Prasuni gëndër, Waigali grāna.
Descendants
- Catalangran
- Italiangrande
- Occitangranfrom Old Occitan gran
- Frenchgrandfrom Old French grant
- Englishgrandfrom Old French grant
- Portuguesegrandefrom Old Galician-Portuguese grande
- Spanishgranfrom Old Spanish grant
- Spanishgrande
- Sardiniangrande
- Sardiniangrandu
In English words that came into English from grandis
- grandgrandis
- grandiosegrandis
- grandeurgrandis
- grandeegrandis
- grandiloquentgrandiloquus
- grandiloquencegrandiloquentia
- grandificgrandificus
- grandifloragrandiflōra