verbthird conjugation
exigō
exigō (present infinitive exigere, perfect active exēgī, supine exāctum)
Classical[ˈɛk.sɪ.ɡoː]Ecclesiastical[ˈɛk.si.ɡo]
№ 500 of the 1,000 commonest wordsMille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- to drive out; expel
- to demand, require; enforce, exact (pay)
‘et caput et rēgnum faciō dōtāle parentis:
“The head and the kingdom of my parent I make [my] dowry: If you are a man, go, exact the wealth of the dowry having been declared.” (Tullia Minor goads her husband, Lucius Tarquinius, to murder her father, King Servius Tullius.)8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 6.593–594 - to execute, complete a task
- to measure against a standard; weigh
- to determine, find out, ascertain
- to examine, consider, test
- to endure, undergo
- to spend, pass
- to bring to an end, conclude, finish, complete
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
pecūniam dēbitam poscō; etiam: opus ad fīnem agō.exigō -ere -ēgī — in Mille Verba, Mercātus
ad fīnem agō, perficiōexigō -ere — in Metamorphoses I, ch. 24
drive out; exact; complete
exigō -ere, -āctus — in De Bello Gallico III
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Petere · Rogare · Postulare · Exigere · Poscere · Flagitare
1. Petere and rogare are the most general expressions for asking any thing, whether as a request or as a demand, and stand therefore in the middle between poscere and orare, yet somewhat nearer to a request; petere (from ποθεῖν) generally refers to the object which is wished for; whereas rogare to the person who is applied to; hence we say, petere aliquid ab aliquo, but rogare aliquem aliquid. Cic. Verr. * * Iste petit a rege, et cum pluribus verbis rogat, uti ad se mittat. Planc. 10, 25. Phil. ii. 30. Fam. ix. 8. and ii. 6. Ne id quod petat, exigere magis quam rogare videatur. Pseudoquintil. Decl. 286. Curt. iv. 1, 8. 2. Postulare and exigere denote simply a demand, without any enhancing accessory notion, as a quiet utterance of the will; postulare (diminutive of πόθος) more as a wish and will; exigere, more as a just claim; whereas poscere and flagitare, as an energetic demand; poscere (from πόθος) with decision, with a feeling of right or power; flagitare, with importunity, in consequence of a passionate and impatient eagerness. Tac. Hist. ii. 39. Othone per literas flagitante ut maturarent, militibus ut imperator pugnæ adesset poscentibus; plerique copias trans Padum agentes acciri postulabant. Cic. Verr. iii. 34. Incipiunt postulare, poscere, minari. Planc. 19. Poscere atque etiam flagitare crimen. Legg. i. 5. Postulatur a te jamdiu vel flagitatur potius historia. (v. 230.)
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | exigō | exigēbam | exigam | exēgī | exēgeram | exēgerō |
| 2nd sg. | exigis | exigēbās | exigēs | exēgistī | exēgerās | exēgeris |
| 3rd sg. | exigit | exigēbat | exiget | exēgit | exēgerat | exēgerit |
| 1st pl. | exigimus | exigēbāmus | exigēmus | exēgimus | exēgerāmus | exēgerimus |
| 2nd pl. | exigitis | exigēbātis | exigētis | exēgistis | exēgerātis | exēgeritis |
| 3rd pl. | exigunt | exigēbant | exigent | exēgērunt exēgēre | exēgerant | exēgerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | exigam | exigerem | exēgerim | exēgissem |
| 2nd sg. | exigās | exigerēs | exēgerīs | exēgissēs |
| 3rd sg. | exigat | exigeret | exēgerit | exēgisset |
| 1st pl. | exigāmus | exigerēmus | exēgerīmus | exēgissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | exigātis | exigerētis | exēgerītis | exēgissētis |
| 3rd pl. | exigant | exigerent | exēgerint | exēgissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | exigor | exigēbar | exigar |
| 2nd sg. | exigeris exigere | exigēbāris exigēbāre | exigēris exigēre |
| 3rd sg. | exigitur | exigēbātur | exigētur |
| 1st pl. | exigimur | exigēbāmur | exigēmur |
| 2nd pl. | exigiminī | exigēbāminī | exigēminī |
| 3rd pl. | exiguntur | exigēbantur | exigentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | exigar | exigerer |
| 2nd sg. | exigāris exigāre | exigerēris exigerēre |
| 3rd sg. | exigātur | exigerētur |
| 1st pl. | exigāmur | exigerēmur |
| 2nd pl. | exigāminī | exigerēminī |
| 3rd pl. | exigantur | exigerentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | exige | exigere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | exigite | exigiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | exigitō | exigitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | exigitō | exigitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | exigitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | exiguntō | exiguntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | exigere | exigī |
| perfect infinitive | exēgisse | exāctum esse |
| future infinitive | exāctūrum esse | exāctum īrī |
| present participle | exigēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | exāctus exācta, exāctā, exāctae, exāctam, exāctārum, exāctās, exācte, exāctī, exāctīs, exāctō, exāctōrum, exāctōs |
| future participle | exāctūrus exāctūra, exāctūrā, exāctūrae, exāctūram, exāctūrārum, exāctūrās, exāctūre, exāctūrī, exāctūrīs, exāctūrō, exāctūrōrum, exāctūrōs, exāctūrum | exigendus exigundus, exigenda, exigendā, exigendae, exigendam, exigendārum, exigendās, exigende, exigendīs, exigendōrum, exigendōs |
gerundexigendī, exigendō, exigendumsupineexāctum, exāctū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- exacta aetate mori
- to die at a good old age.
- pecuniam exigere (acerbe)
- to demand payment.
- vectigalia exigere (acerbe)
- to exact the taxes (with severity).
- nomina exigere (Verr. 3. 10. 28)
- to demand payment of, recover debts.
- fabulam exigere (Ter. Andr. Pol.)
- to hiss a play.
- histrionem exsibilare, explodere, eicere, exigere
- to hiss an actor off the stage.
ex-ĭgo, ēgi, actum, 3, v. a. ago,
I. to drive out or forth, to thrust out, to take or turn out.
I. Lit.
A. In gen.:
reges ex civitate, to expel, Cic. de Or. 2, 48, 199: hostem e campo, Liv. 3, 61, 8: exigor patria, Naev. ap. Non. 291, 4: aliquem domo, Liv. 39, 11, 2: aliquem campo, id. 37, 41, 12: omnes foras, Plaut. Aul. 3, 1, 7: adcolas ultra famam, Plin. 2, 68, 68, § 175: exacti reges, driven away, Cic. de Or. 1, 9, 37; cf.: Tarquinio exacto, id. Rep. 1, 40: anno post Tarquinios exactos, Tac. A. 11, 22: Orestes exactus furiis, driven, tormented, Ov. Tr. 4, 4, 70: virum a se, Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 62: uxorem, to put away, divorce, Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 45; Suet. Caes. 50; id. Claud. 26; cf.: illam suam (uxorem) suas res sibi habere jussit ex duodecim tabulis; claves ademit; exegit, turned her out of the house, Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69: aliquem vitā, i. e. to kill, Sen. de Ira, 1, 6: corpus e stratis, to raise up or out, Sil. 16, 234: maculam, to take out, Suet. Aug. 94: et sacer admissas exigit Hebrus aquas, pours out into the sea, Ov. H. 2, 114; of weapons, to thrust from one, thrust, drive: non circumspectis exactum viribus ensem Fregit, thrust, impelled, Ov. M. 5, 171; so, ensem, Luc. 8, 656; cf.: ensem per medium juvenem, plunges through the middle, Verg. A. 10, 815: gladium per viscera, Flor. 4, 2, 68: tela in aliquem, Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 16; hence: aliquem hastā, i. e. to thrust through, transfix, Val. Fl. 6, 572.—Mid.: quae (hasta) cervice exacta est, passed out, passed through, Ov. M. 5, 138: prope sub conatu adversarii manus exigenda, to be put forth, raised (for a blow), Quint. 6, 4, 8 Spald.: (capellas) a grege in campos, hircos in caprilia, to drive out, Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 8: sues pastum, id. ib. 2, 4, 6: radices altius, to send out, Cels. 5, 28, 14; cf.: vitis uvas, Col. 3, 2, 10; 3, 6, 2; Cels. 8, 1 med.— B. In partic.
1. A scenic t. t., to drive off, i. e. hiss off a piece or a player from the stage (rare):
spectandae (fabulae) an exigendae sint vobis prius, Ter. And. prol. 27 Ruhnk.; so, fabulas, id. Hec. prol. alt. 4; id. ib. 7.—2. To demand, require, enforce, exact payment of a debt, taxes, etc., or the performance of any other duty (very freq.;
syn.: posco, postulo, flagito, contendo, etc.): ad eas pecunias exigendas legatos misimus, Cic. Fam. 13, 11, 1: pecunias a civitatibus, id. Div. ap. Caecil. 10, 33: acerbissime pecunias imperatas, Caes. B. C. 3, 32; cf. id. ib. 1, 6 fin.; Cic. Pis. 16, 38; id. N. D. 3, 34, 84: quaternos denarios, id. Font. 5, 9: tributa, id. Fam. 3, 7, 3: pensionem, id. ib. 6, 18, 5: nomina sua, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 10, § 28: mercedem, id. Lael. 21, 80 et saep.: equitum peditumque certum numerum a civitatibus Siciliae, Caes. B. C. 1, 30, 4: obsides ab Apolloniatibus, id. ib. 3, 12, 1: viam, to demand the construction of a road, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 59, § 154; Liv. 42, 3, 7: a quoquam ne pejeret, Juv. 13, 36.—Esp.: rationem, to exact an account: ut Athenienses rationibus exigendis non vacarent, Val. Max. 3, 1, ext. 1; Plin. Ep. 10, 81, 1: libertorum nomina a quibus ratio exigi posset, Suet. Aug. 101 fin.—(b). In pass.: exigor aliquid, to be solicited, dunned for money, etc. (post-class.): exigor portorium, id est, exigitur de me portorium, Caecil. ap. Gell. 15, 14, 5; id. ap. Non. 106, 24: (Rib. Com. Fragm. p. 51): sese pecunias maximas exactos esse, Q. Metell. Numid. ap. Gell. 15, 14, 2; Dig. 23, 4, 32.—
3. To examine, inquire into (post-Aug.):
nec illae (conjuges) numerare aut exigere plagas pavent, Tac. G. 7 fin. (so Ritter, Halm, with all MSS., cf. Holzmann ad loc.; al. exugere, said to have been the read. of a lost codex, the Arundelianus; cf. exsugo); cf.: exactum et a Titidio Labeone, cur omisisset, etc., id. A. 2, 85.—4. Of places, to go or pass beyond, to pass by, leave behind (poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
cum primus equis exegit anhelis Phoebus Athon, Val. Fl. 2, 75; cf. Prop. 3, 20, 11 (4, 20, 3 M.): Troglodytae hibernum mare exigunt circa brumam, Plin. 12, 19, 42, § 87.—5. In mercant. lang., to dispose of, sell:
agrorum exigere fructus, Liv. 34, 9, 9 Drak.: mercibus exactis, Col. poët. 10, 317. —6. Mathemat. t. t., to apply to a standard or measure, i. e. to examine, try, measure, weigh by any thing:
ad perpendiculum columnas, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 51, § 133: materiam ad regulam et libellam, Plin. 36, 25, 63, § 188: pondus margaritarum sua manu, Suet. Caes. 47; cf.: aliquid mensura, Plin. 17, 21, 35, § 159.II. Trop.
A. In gen., to drive out, expel (very rare):
locus, Ubi labore lassitudo exigunda ex corpore, Plaut. Capt. 5, 4, 4: frigus atque horrorem vestimentis, Lucil. ap. Non. 291, 8.—Far more freq. and class., B. In partic.
1. (Acc. to I. B. 2.) To require, demand, claim any thing due:
ego vero et exspectabo ea quae polliceris, neque exigam, nisi tuo commodo, Cic. Brut. 4, 17: aliquid exigere magis quam rogare, id. Fam. 2, 6, 1: longiores litteras exspectabo vel potius exigam, id. ib. 15, 16, 1: omnibus ex rebus voluptatem quasi mercedem, id. Fin. 2, 22, 73: ab hoc acerbius exegit natura quod dederat, demanded back, reclaimed, id. Tusc. 1, 39, 93 Klotz.: non ut a poëta, sed ut a teste veritatem exigunt, id. Leg. 1, 1, 4: has toties optata exegit gloria poenas, has cost, Juv. 10, 187: poenas, to take vengeance, id. 10, 84: de vulnere poenas, Ov. M. 14, 478: poenam (alicui), Sen. de Ira, 2, 22 fin.; Ov. F. 4, 230: gravia piacula ab aliquo, Liv. 29, 18, 18 et saep.—With ut: exigerem ex te cogeremque, ut responderes, Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 119; 4, 28, 80; cf.: Calypso exigit fata ducis, questions, inquires into, Ov. A. A. 2, 130: exactum a marito, cur, etc., Tac. A. 2, 85: exigite ut mores seu pollice ducat, Juv. 7, 237 sq.—With an object-clause: exigimus potuisse eum eo tempore testamentum facere, Dig. 29, 7, 8; 24, 3, 2.— Absol.: in exigendo non acerbum, Cic. Off. 2, 18, 64: cum res exiget, Quint. 5, 11, 5; 10, 3, 3; cf.: ut res exiget, id. 12, 10, 69: si communis utilitas exegerit, id. 12, 1, 37.— Esp.: rationem, to require an account: rerum gestarum, Just. 19, 2, 6: numquid rationem exiges, cum tibi aliquis hos dixerit versus? an explanation, Sen. Ep. 94, 28; Plin. Ep. 19, 9.—2. Of time, life, etc., to lead, spend, pass, complete, finish:
non novisse quicum aetatem exegerim, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 111; id. Capt. 3, 5, 62: tecum aetatem, id. Mil. 4, 2, 48; 4, 6, 60; id. Cas. 2, 5, 12: ut te dignam mala malam aetatem exigas, id. Aul. 1, 1, 4: vitam taetre, Cat. Or. inc. 15; Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 39: cum maerore graviorem vitam, Sall. J. 14, 15; 85, 49; Plin. 7, 44, 45, § 139; Vitr. 2, 1, 4; Val. Max. 3, 5, 4 al.: vitae tempus, Sen. Ep. 2, 2; Val. Max. 3, 3, ext. 6: jam ad pariendum temporibus exactis, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 18, § 48: qui exacta aetate moriuntur, at the close of the vigorous period of life, Cic. Tusc. 1, 39, 93; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 8, § 21; Sall. J. 6, 2; Liv. 2, 40, 11 al.: mediam dies exegerat horam, Ov. Am. 1, 5, 1: aevum, Lucr. 4, 1235; Verg. A. 7, 777; Ov. M. 12, 209: tristissimam noctem, Petr. 115: diem supremum noctemque, Tac. A. 3, 16: ullum tempus jucundius, Plin. Ep. 3, 1, 1: jam aestatem exactam esse, Sall. J. 61, 1: per exactos annos, at the end of every year, Hor. C. 3, 22, 6: exacto per scelera die, Tac. H. 1, 47; id. A. 3, 16; so, exacto quadriennio, Plin. 2, 47, 48, § 130; Verg. G. 3, 190; Stat. S. 2, 2, 47.—4. To bring to an end, to conclude, finish, complete a thing (poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
exegi monumentum aere perennius, Hor. C. 3, 30, 1: opus, Ov. R. Am. 811; id. M. 15, 871: exactus tenui pumice versus eat, Prop. 3, 1, 8; Verg. A. 6, 637: commentarii ita sunt exacti, ut, etc., Quint. 10, 7, 30: eandem gracilitatem stilo exigere condiscant, to reach, attain to, id. 1, 9, 2.—5. To determine, ascertain, find out:
sociisque exacta referre, his discoveries, Verg. A. 1, 309: non prius exacta tenui ratione saporum, before he has ascertained, Hor. S. 2, 4, 36.—Pass. impers.: non tamen exactum, quid agat, Ov. F. 3, 637; cf. id. Am, 3, 7, 16. —6. (Acc. to I. B. 3.) To weigh, try, prove, measure, examine, adjust, estimate, consider, = examinare, ponderare (class. but perh. not in Cic.): si ad illam summam veritatem legitimum jus exegeris, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6, 1; cf.: nolite ad vestras leges atque instituta exigere ea, quae Lacedaemone fiunt, to estimate by the standard of, etc., Liv. 34, 31, 17; so,
opus ad vires suas, Ov. A. A. 2, 502: si omnia argumenta ad obrussam coeperimus exigere, Sen. Q. N. 4, 5, 1; cf.: principatus tuus ad obrussam exigitur, id. de Clem. 1, 1, 6: se ad aliquem, id. Ep. 11 fin.: regulam emendate loquendi, Quint. 1, 5, 2: illa non nisi aure exiguntur, quae fiunt per sonos, are judged of, id. 1, 5, 19; cf. id. 1, 4, 7.—7. To treat, consult, deliberate respecting something, = considerare, deliberare (class. but not in Cic.): de his rebus ut exigeret cum eo, Furnio mandavi, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24, 7:
cum aliquo, Plin. Ep. 6, 12, 3; cf.: secum aliquid, Verg. A. 4, 476; Ov. M. 10, 587; Sen. Ep. 27: de aliqua re coram, Plin. Ep. 9, 26, 13: haec exigentes hostes oppressere, Liv. 22, 49, 12: quid dicendum, quid tacendum, quid differendum sit, exigere consilii est, Quint. 6, 5, 5.—8. To endure, undergo:
aerumnam, Plaut. Capt. 5, 4, 12. —Hence, exactus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I. B. 5., measured; hence), precise, accurate, exact (poet and in post-Aug. prose): difficile est, quot ceciderint, exacto affirmare numero, Liv. 3, 5, 12: acies falcis, Plin. 17, 27, 42, § 251: fides, Ov. Pont. 4, 9, 46.— Comp.: cura, Suet. Tib. 18; Mart. 4, 87, 4. —Sup.: diligentia, Front. Aquaed. 89: vir, Plin. Ep. 8, 23, 5.—With gen.: Mamurius, morum fabraene exactior artis, Difficile est dicere, Ov. F. 3, 383.—Adv.: exacte, exactly, precisely, accurately: ut exacte perorantibus mos est, Sid. Ep. 7, 9.—Comp.: dicere, disserere, Mel. Prooem. § 2; Gell. 1, 3, 21.—Sup.: pascere, Sid. Ep. 5, 11.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
exigō ēgī, āctus, ere
ex + ago, to drive out, push forth, thrust out, take out, expel : reges ex civitate: hostem e campo, L.: post reges exactos: easdem (uxores), divorce , T.: suam (uxorem), turn out of the house : exigit Hebrus aquas, pours into the sea , O.: exactum ensem Fregit, by the thrust , O.: ensem per medium iuvenem, V.: (hasta) Cervice exacta est, passed through , O.— To drive away, hiss off (the stage): (fabulae) exigendae vobis, T. — To require, enforce, exact, demand, collect : ad pecunias exigendas legatos misimus: acerbissime pecuniae exigebantur: nomina sua: peditum numerum a civitatibus, Cs.: viam, demand the construction of : auspiciorum adhuc fides exigitur, further confirmation , Ta.— To export : agrorum fructūs, L.— To set right : ad perpendiculum columnas, set precisely upright .—Fig., to require, demand, claim, exact, insist : magis quam rogare: a teste veritatem: ius iurandum, L.: Has exegit gloria poenas, has cost , Iu.: de volnere poenas, O.: a violatoribus piacula, L.: ex te ut responderes: id ipsum, ut pereat, O.: a quoquam ne peieret, Iu.: in exigendo non acerbus.—Of time, to lead, spend, pass, complete, finish, close : cum maerore graviorem vitam, S.: exactā aetate mori, after a long life : hanc saepe exactā aetate usurpasse vocem, in old age , L.: per exactos annos, at the end of every year , H.: tribus exactis ubi quarta accesserit aestas, V.: spatiis exegit quattuor annum, O.— To conduct, superintend : aedīs privatas velut publicum opus, L.— To bring to an end, conclude, finish, complete : monumentum, H.: opus, O.: His demum exactis, V.— To determine, ascertain, find out : sociisque exacta referre, discoveries , V.: Non prius exactā ratione saporum, before he has ascertained , H.: non tamen exactum, quid agat, O.— To weigh, try, prove, measure, examine, adjust, estimate, consider : ad vestras leges, quae Lacedaemone fiunt, estimate by the standard of , etc., L.: cultu ad luxuriam exacto, directed , Cu.: ad caelestia ritūs humanos, O.— To consider, deliberate on, take counsel upon : tempus secum, V.: talia secum, O.: non satis exactum, quid agam.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*h₁éǵʰs
- Proto-Italic*eks
- Latinexigō
Latin ex- Latin agō Latin exigō From ex- + agō (“to drive”).
Descendants
- Catalanexigir
- Englishexact
- Frenchexiger
- Italianesigere
- Occitanexigir
- Portugueseexigir
- Romanianexige
- Spanishexigir
- Asturianesixir
- Galicianesixir