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“virulence” in Latin

The English word virulence itself goes back to Latin vīrŭlentĭa.

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

virulence
PROP., virus, -i, neuter: *rei virulentae vis.
Figuratively, virus, -i, neuter: acerbitas: amaritudo: gravitas.

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for virulence?
The usual Latin words for “virulence” are acerbitās, amāritūdō, gravitās. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.