English → Latin
“vigorous” in Latin
valeōto have strength, influence, power; to avail; to be well, healthy, sound; to be worth, be worthyvalidusstrong; healthy, well; worthyfirmusstrong, powerful; stable, firm; faithful, steadfast, truerōbustusof oak, oaken; hard, firm, solid, robustlacertōsusmuscular, brawny, powerfulpossumbe able to, can, may; in the 3rd person singular (pote est): it may be, it is possible; to have influence or efficacy, tefficāxefficacious, effectual, powerful, efficientgravisheavy; pregnant; troublesome, hardnervōsussinewy; nervous; vigorous, energeticalacerlively; brisk; quick; eager; active; peppy; excited; glad; happy; cheerful
The English word vigorous itself goes back to Latin vigeō, through vigor.
Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864
vigorous
Forcible, Vid:
Full of strength, valens: validus (general term): firmus (firm; of men and the human body, states, etc.; then, also, of other objects; e.g., cibus firmus, potio firma). (The words are found in this connection and order.) firmus et robustus (e.g., respublica); valens et firmus (e.g., civitas): robustus (robust, stanch; of the human body, the state, etc.). (The words are found in this connection and order.) robustus et valens (e.g., homo): lacertosus (muscular; of men and animals): corpore vigens: corpore validus: corpore robusto (only of man; the former denoting a body in the prime of youth; the second, vital strength; and the third, relating to firm sound flesh): potens; efficax (powerful, of effect): gravis (that influences the mind forcibly; of speech and the speaker): nervosus (full of nerve in expression; of a speaker): alacer; vividus (lively): strenuus (that sets to work with energy): impiger (not sluggish). To be vigorous, corpore vigere: corpore robusto esse: corpore valere or validum esse: bonis viribus esse (that possesses strength): a vigorous speech, oratio gravis, also nervi orationis (energetic expressions or words): a vigorous delivery, actio plena spiritus (full of spirit and life): in a vigorous manner; Vid: VIGOROUSLY.
Quick answer
- What is the Latin word for vigorous?
- The usual Latin words for “vigorous” are valeō, validus, firmus; also rōbustus, lacertōsus, possum. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.
Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.