LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
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“theme” in Latin

The English word theme itself goes back to Latin thema.

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

theme
propositio: propositum: id quod propositum est (a subject proposed): quaestio, id quod quaerimus (a subject of inquiry): argumentum (contents, subject-matter): causa (the subject): thema, -atis, neuter (post-Augustan); Latin, positio, or quod positum est (a sentence proposed as the subject of discussion or debate). To depart from one’s theme, a proposito aberrare, declinare, or egredi; very far, longius labi: to return to one’s theme, ad propositum reverti.

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for theme?
The usual Latin words for “theme” are prōpositiō, prōpōnō, quaestiō; also argūmentum, causa, thema. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.