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“subtle” in Latin

The English word subtle itself goes back to Latin tēla, through subtīlis.

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

subtle
PROP., Thin, fine, subtilis: tenuis: exilis.
Figuratively, Acute, nice, subtilis: acutus. Vid: ACUTE.
Crafty, artful, astutus: versutus: callidus.

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for subtle?
The usual Latin words for “subtle” are subtīlis, tenuis, exīlis; also acuō, ā̆stūtus, versūtus. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.