LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
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“substantial” in Latin

The English word substantial itself goes back to Latin stō, through substantiālis.

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

substantial
Belonging to the nature or being of things, solid, verus (true, real): praecipuus (chief): ad rei alicujus naturam pertinens: in rei alicujus natura positus, situs (essential: ☞ substantialis, ecclesiastical): gravissimus: maximus (weighty, important). A substantial difference, discrimen in ipsa natura alicujus rei positum: the substantial part of a thing, interiora, plur., (opposed to the mere outside); natura (opposed to the accidents).
Possessed of substance or competent wealth, qui est solvendo: dives. Vid: RICH.

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for substantial?
The usual Latin words for “substantial” are vērus, praecipuus, sinō; also gravis, magnus, competō. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.