LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
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“rust” in Latin

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

rust s.
rubigo (general term): ferrugo (on iron): aerugo (verdigris, on copper or brass). Iron contracts rust, rubigo corripit ferrum. Iron is eaten out with rust, ferrum rubigine raditur.
rust v.
Intransitively, rubiginem trahere or sentire; rubigine obduci; rubigine laedi or corripi (general term): in aeruginem incidere (of brass or copper). The mind rusts with inactivity, incultu atque socordia torpescit ingenium (Sall.); ingenium longa rubigine laesum torpet (Ov., Trist., 5, 12, 21).
Transitively, rubiginem obducere alicui rei.

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for rust?
The usual Latin words for “rust” are rōbīgō, ferrūgō, aerūgō; also sentiō, corripiō. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.