“labor” in Latin

Work, toil, opera, opus (the former expresses free-will and resolution, and is mostly used of the activity of free persons, whereas opus does not include the will, and is almost always used of animals, slaves, or soldiers): labor (pains or trouble arising from exertion at the full strain of one’s powers; hence, Liv., 21, 27, operis labore fessus; hence, also, opera et labor are frequently connected): occupatio (that which takes our attention): pensum (a task, daily work, especially that of slaves spinning wool): a day and a half’s labor, sesquiopera: litterary labors, studia: sedentary labor, opera sedentaria: to undertake a labor, laborem suscipere, sibi sumere, capere, excipere (to take upon one’s self), subire or obire (to engage in): to bestow labor upon anything, operam, or laborem in, or ad aliquid impendere, in rem insumere or consumere; operam in re locare, ponere, in rem conferre; operam alicui rei tribuere: to bestow much labor upon anything, multum operae laborisque in re consumere; multo sudore et labore facere aliquid; desudare et laborare in re: to undergo or endure labor, laborem ferre, sustinere, sustentare: to approach a labor, ad opus aggredi (☞ not se operi accingere): to keep anyone to labor, intendere alicujus laborem; aliquem in laboribus exercere: to relieve or lighten one’s labor, levare alicui laborem: to impose a labor upon anyone, laborem alicui imponere, delegare, injungerc: to call from labor, ab opere aliquem revocare (in Caes., the soldiers): to cease from labor, labore supersedere: to be in full labor, operi instare: to take or hire men to labor, conducere operas (laborers) or artifices (artisans): to furnish men with labor, homines in operas mittere: labor did not fail them for eight months, menses octo continuos opus iis non defuit: burdened with labor, laboriosus; negotiosus: free fin labor, otiosus: that costs much labor, laboriosus: to be engaged in daily labor, opere diurno intentum esse: labor accomplished is sweet, acti labores jucundi: not to spare one’s labor in order to, etc., omni ope atque opera or omni virium contentione niti (or eniti), ut, etc.; contendere et laborare, ut, etc.; eniti et contendere, ut, etc.; eniti et efficere, ut, etc.: to spend labor in vain, operam perdere; oleum et operam perdere; operam or laborem frustra sumere: it is worth the labor, operae pretium est: it is not worth the labor, non tanti est: to enter into another man’s labors, quae alii intriverant exedere (after Ter., Phorm., 2, 2, 4).

Toil, or force of nature in child-birth, laboriosus nixus; after Gell., 12, 1, percunctari quam diutinum puerperium et quam laboriosi nixus fuissent.

INTR., to wotk, toil, laborare: to labor at anything, elaborare in re (especially in order to effect): operam dare alicui rei (to bestow pains upon): incumbere in or ad aliquid (to lay one’s self out upon anything): to labor zealously at anything, animo toto et studio omni in aliquid incumbere; multo sudore et labore facere aliquid; desudare et laborare in re: to labor too much, above one’s strength, laboribus se frangere; laboribus confici: to labor, (be busy) day and night, labores diurnos nocturnosque suscipere; (of litterary labor) studere litteris; operari studiis litterarum (Valerius, Max., 8, 7, extr. 4) or studiis liberalibus (Tac., Ann., 3, 43, 1): to labor at a (litterary) work, opus in manibus habere; opus in manibus est: to labor for the common good, incumbere ad salutem reipublicae; operam reipublicae tribuere: to labor for the destruction of any one, perniciem alicui moliri or machinari (☞ impera hoc tibi curae is without good authority).

TRANS., To bestow labor on, elaborare; laborare (Cic., Hor.); laborem in rem insumere, or ad rem impendere; laborem in re consumere; perpolire (to finish with care).