“hold” in Latin

(I) (I) TRANS. (1) To have seized hold of, tenere (in nearly all the applications of the English word): to hold anybody by the cloak, pallio aliquem tenere: to hold anybody by the hand, alicui manus dare (in order to lead him); aliquem manu retmere (to hold back with the hand).

To hinder the motion of a person or thing; to prevent its advancing or falling, tenere: sustinere: retinere: sublevare (to support, lest he should fall; “holding each other up,” sublevantes invicem, Liv., 5, 47, 2): to hold (hold in) a horse, equum sustinere: hold me! (that I may not fall) retine me! hold the thief! tenete furem! to be scarcely able to hold their arms, arma vix sustinere posse; vix arma humeris gestare (Liv.); vix armorum tenendorum potentia est (Liv., 21, 54): to hold one’s breath, animam continere or comprimere.

To hold or keep up in a certain direction, applicare or admovere ad aliquid: to hold a bunch of flowers to one’s nose, fasciculum florum ad nares admovere: to hold a napkin before one’s face or mouth, sudarium ante faciem obtendere (so that the face is concealed); sudarium ad os applicare.

To entertain; e.g., an opinion, sententiam aliquam habere, aliquid sentire. I shall continue to hold this opinion, de hac sententia non demovebor: to continue to hold an opinion, in opinione perstare, manere, permanere: to be better able to say what opinion I do not hold, than what I do hold, facilius, quid non sentiam, quam quid sentiam, posse dicere. I still hold my opinion, that we should do nothing, except, etc., adhuc in hac sum sententia, nihil ut faciamus, nisi, etc. [Vid. HOLD, INTRANS. = to be of opinion.]

To hold together, continere (PROP. and figuratively; e.g., to hold a state together, rempublicam continere, Cic.). To be held together by anything, aliqua re adjungi et contineri (PROP.); aliqua re contineri (figuratively).

To consider, Vid:

To retain a liquid without letting it run out, etc., humorem non transmittere: not to hold water, humorem, aquam, etc., transmittere; humor, aqua, etc., perfluit per aliquid (e.g., per dolium, cadum).

To keep possession of, tenere, etc. [Vid. POSSESS, RETAIN, KEEP.]

To occupy, have, etc. To hold an office, muims obire, sustinere; munere fungi; magistratum gerere: to hold the title of, appellari aliquem (e.g., regem); *aliquo nomine honoris causa ornari.

To hold lands, etc. (as tenant), conducere (opposed to locare, to let): to hold lands of a (feudal) superior, praedium velut fiduciarium ab aliquo accipere.

To restrain, Vid :, and to HOLD IN.

To bind morally, tenere: to be held by a vow or promise, voto, promisso teneri (Cic.). [Vid: To BIND.]

To support what one bears, lifts, etc., tenere. gestare [Vid: CARRY]. To hold a boy in one’s arms, puerum in manibus gestare (Terentianus): to hold anything in one’s hand, tenere aliquid in manu (Cic.) or manu (Quint., Hor., etc.).

To contain in itself, continere (to hold in itself, to contain): capere (to contain; of vessels, as a measure, etc.): an amphora holds twenty heminae, amphora viginti heminas continet or capit. MISCELLANEOUS. To hold a purpose, propositum tenere. To hold one’s tongue, continere linguam; but mostly tacere; silere [Vid: to be SILENT]. To hold one’s peace [Vid: to be SILENT]. To hold anybody to his promise, quae pollicitus est aliquis, exigere. To hold one’s course any where, cursum tenere aliquo; sometimes tenere only. Fields which hold the water for a long time, agri, qui diu aquam tenent (Pall.). (II.) INTRANS. (1) To be firm or durable, contineri (to be held together, to hold firmly together; e.g., of a dam; as Caes., B.C., 1, 25): firmum esse (to be firm, durable, to withstand external impressions; e.g., of a door, after Ov., Am., 2, 12, 3): frangi non posse (not to be able to be broken to pieces): effringi non posse (not to be able to be broken open, of a door, etc.): non rumpi (not to burst, of vessels, etc.): manere, non evanescere (to remain, not to fade, of colors). (2) To hold with any person or thing, i. e., to be on his side or party, stare a or cum aliquo; esse or facere cum aliquo; alicujus esse studiosum; alicui favere (to favor a person or party e.g., the nobles): malle aliquem or aliquid (to prefer a person or anything; Vid: Sen., Ep., 36, 3): I hold with those who, etc., res mihi est cum iis, qui, etc.: to hold with neither party, neutrius partis esse (to be neutral).

Hold = hold good (of statements, etc.), aliquid de aliquo or aliqua re vere (verissime) dicitur (e.g., I don’t know that what I have said of Corinth does not hold good of Greece generally, quod de Corintho dixi, id haud scio an liceat de cuncta Graecia verissime dicere, Cic.): hoc in eo valet, in eum cadit, or ad eum pertinet (is applicable to anybody).

To be of opinion, etc., tenere aliquid (e.g., they hold that virtue is the chief good, illud tenent... virtutem esse summum bonum). Often by aio (“say”), and “to hold that... not,” by negare (e.g., Democritus negat sine furore quemquam poetam magnum esse posse, holds that nobody etc.). HOLD BACK,

TRANS., (manu) reprehendere (both PROP. and figuratively): tenere: retinere: tardare: retardare: arcere: cohibere [SYN. in To KEEP BACK]. To hold back from anything, arcere aliquem (ab) aliqua re (e.g., homines ab injuria poena arcet); retrahere aliquem ab aliqua re (e.g., consulem a foedere); revocare aliquem ab aliqua re (e.g., a scelere): to hold back one’s assent, retinere assensum; to uncertain points, cohibere assensionem ab incertis rebus.

To conceal, not declare, occultare: celare, etc. [Vid: CONCEAL.] I will hold back nothing, nihil occultabo.

INTRANS., cunctari: tergiversari; (The words are found in this connection and order.) cunctari et tergiversari. Vid: To LINGER.

Grasp with the hand; by circumlocution (prehensio not used in this sense.) ☞ “Hold,” with a verb, is often expressed by a simple verb: to take or lay hold of, to get hold of, prehendere: apprehendere: comprehendere: manu prehendere aliquem (by the hand): to get hold of anybody (= to get him in one’s power), aliquo potiri: to lay or take hold of anybody’s cloak, etc., prehendere aliquem pallio (Plaut.): to take hold of anybody’s hand, alicujus manum apprehendere (general term); dextram alicujus amplecti or complecti (in a friendly way; also as one making a request, etc.); aliquem prensare (as a suppliant): to seize hold of, arripere; of anybody’s hair, aliquem capillo; also, involare alicui in capillum (to fly at it): a dog seizes hold of anybody, canis aliquem morsu occupat: to seize hold of anybody’s beard, alicui barbam invadere (Suet., Caes., 71). The infantry kept up with the cavalry by laying hold of their horses’ manes, pedites jubis equorum sublevati cursum adaequarent: to seize hold of an opportunity, occasionem or alicujus rei faciendae facultatem arripere; occasionem avidissime amplecti; opportunitate or occasione uti: to keep hold of, tenere: to keep fast hold of, pressis manibus tenere aliquid (e.g., fortunam tuam): to keep hold of anybody’s hand, prensam alicujus dextram vi attinere (to prevent his striking, Tac., Ann., 1, 35, 3): the forceps takes fast hold of a tooth, forfex comprehendit dentem: to let go one’s hold of anything, omittere aliquid (e.g., arma, habenas); manu emittere (to throw away); de (ex) manibus dimittere: to let go one’s hold of anybody (= one’s power over him), aliquem ex potestate sua dimittere: to take hold of anything (i. e., to blame it, etc.), arripere aliquid ad reprehendendum (Cic., N.D., 2, 6).

That of which one lays hold, support, fulcrum, fultura: adminiculum (Liv., 21, 36, of what soldiers took hold of, to climb a rock, etc.) [Vid: SUPPORT.]

Prison, custody, Vid:

Hold of a ship (with all the rooms, cupboards, etc.), caverna (Cic., De Or., 3, 46, 141): alveus navis (the hull, the whole frame-work, exclusive of masts and rigging; ☞ Sall., Jug., 21).