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“chastity” in Latin

The English word chastity itself goes back to Latin castus, through castitas.

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

chastity
castitas: pudor: pudicitia (shame, modesty): morum integritas or sanctitas (purity of morals and life): castimonia corporis (especially of religious chastity).

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for chastity?
The usual Latin words for “chastity” are castitās, pudor, pudīcitia; also sānctitās. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.