“after” in Latin

of succession in time, post: secundum (immediately after): still stronger sub with statim, of things connected in order of time: a, ab (from: after, of what has been done or not done, from a point of commencement to be strongly marked): e, ex (nearly = a, ab, but intimating a closer dependence of one thing on another; a passing into one state from another, etc.). After this, I ask, etc., secundum ea, quaero, etc. After three days, post ejus diei diem tertium: after three years, post tres annos: after some years, aliquot post annos: after many years, post multos annos (multis post annis = many years after). After anybody’s consulship or proconsulship, post aliquem consulem, proconsulem. After (immediately after) the consul’s donation, secundum donationem consulis. Immediately after those (letters), yours were read, sub eas statim recitatae sunt tuae (so statim sub mentionem alicujus). The Germans bathe as soon as they get up, Germani statim e somno lavantur: after the day, when, etc., ex eo die, quo, etc.: one evil after another, aliud ex alio malum (Ter.): to go into Gaul after his consulship, ex consulatu in Galliam proficisci: day after day, diem ex die: diem de die (not de die in diem): to look (i. e., in expectation) day after day, diem de die prospectare (ecquod auxilium-appareret (Liv.). Immediately after the battle, confestim a proelio (redire): Homer lived not very long after them, Homerus recens ab illorum aetate fuit: the hundredth day after the death of Clodius, centesima lux ab interitu Clodii: (immediately) after that meeting ambassadors were sent, ab illa concione legati missisunt: as soon as I came to Rome after your departure, ut primum a tuo digressu Romam veni. One after another, ordine, deinceps (in a row): continenter: continue (prae- and post-classical, unless in two passages of Quint., where the best manuscripts have continue, Freund: continuo = statim, nulla mora interposita): alter post alterum: alius super alium. So many days one after another, tot dies continui. Sometimes, especially in Caes., the ablative only is used; e.g., alicujus adventu, discessu, fuga; solis occasu (after anybody’s arrival, departure, flight: after sunset). After post the action is often expressed by a participle; e.g., after the taking of Veii, post Veios captos: so post urbem conditam; post hanc urbem constitutam (after the building of the city). Sometimes ablatives absolute are used (when the action or state described by the ablative absolute is the cause or condition of what follows): anno interjecto (after a year): Hannibal in Italiam pervenit Alpibus superatis (after crossing the Alps).

Succession in order, rank, etc., secundum (post is only “after” of succession in time: in pace it is “behind,” opposed to ante). Generally by secundus, proximus ab aliquo, or proximus alicui (next after in place, litterally or figuratively). After you, I like nothing so well as solitude, secundum te nihil est mihi amicius solitudine: proxime: next after these, those are dear to us, etc., proxime hos, cari, etc. (Cic.). [Tac., juxta; e.g., juxta deos.]

Of a rule followed, proportion to, conformity with, etc., secundum: e, ex, sometimes de (when the thing is also a cause): pro (in proportion to): ad (of a rule, copy, etc., that is followed. Observe. Juxta, in the sense of secundum, belongs to sinking Latinity): to live after nature, secundum naturam vivere (or naturae convenienter): to take anything after its intrinsic value (Bacon), ex veritate aliquid aestimare: after the example of, ad exemplum; after the model, pattern, etc., ad exemplum, ad effigiem: after the manner, de more: after my own manner, meo modo (Plaut., Ter.): after my own original way of speaking, meo pristino more dicendi.

After a sort, quodam modo.

conjunction, postquam: posteaquam: ut, ubi (as), cum (when). Observe, (a) ut, ubi, intimate the immediate succession of the second event, whereas postquam only states it to be after the first. Hence they prefer the perfect to the pluperfect, and often take statim, repente, primum, etc.: (b) postquam in direct narrative mostly takes the perfect or present; seldom the pluperfect, except in the form “so many day”, years, etc., after another event happened” (c) For ubi, ut, cum, Vid: WHEN: (d) cum can only be used when things are stated as facts in a narrative; not of localrelations, e.g., of passages in a book; where postquam or ubi must be used. Passages like Cic., Tusc, i., 48, 103; Acad., ii., 32, 104, etc., only appear to be at variance with this rule. Three years after he had returned, post tres annos or tertium annum quam redierat: tertio anno quam redierat: tribus annis or tertio anno postquam redierat: tertio anno quo redierat. The day after I left you, postridie quam a vobis discessi. The year after, postero anno quam, etc. Very often participles are used instead of these particles (ablative absolute if the “subject” of both clauses is not the same); e.g., most. speeches are written after they have been delivered, pleraeque scribuntur orationes habitae jam: after the murder of Dion, Dionysius again became master of Syracuse, Dione interfectoDionysius rursum Syracusarum potitus est.

After is often untranslated, the notion of it being already contained in the verb; e.g., to follow after, sequi, sectari: to thirst after, sitire aliquid: to ask or inquire after, quaerero rem or de re, inquirere in aliquid: to long after, cupere aliquid, etc.: to make anything after the pattern of something else, imitari aliquid; aliquid imitando exprimere, effingere, etc.: to run after anybody, aliquem sectari: to send after anybody, aliquem arcessere, etc.

= afterward, Vid. AFTER, in composition, may some times be translated by posterior (opposed to superior); secundus; serus (too late).