repēns
Meaning
- one terminationsudden, unexpected
- one terminationrecent, fresh
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Repente · Subito · Extemplo · E vestigio · Illico · Statim · Protinus · Confestim · Continuo
Repente and subito denote suddenly; repens means sudden, in opp. to exspectatus, expected, Cic. Tusc. iii. 22; to sensim, Cic. Off. i. 33. Suet. Tib. 11, like ἐξαπίνης; but subitus, in opp. to foreseen, ante provisus, Cic. Tusc. iii. 22; meditatus, Plin. Ep. i. 16; paratus, Cic. Or. i. 33, like παραχρῆμα. Extemplo and e vestigio, in opp. to delay; extemplo (ex tempore) in a moment, with reference to time; e vestigio, on the spot, sur-le-champ, with reference to place. Illico and ilicet, in opp. to slowness; illico (in loco) is used in prose, like παραυτίκα; ilicet, by writers of comedy and poets. Statim and protinus, in opp. to, at a future time; statim, immediately, in opp. to deinde, Tac. Ann. vi. 3; postea, Suet. Cl. 39. A. 51. N. 34, like εὐθύς; protinus, forthwith, like πρόκα. Confestim and continuo, in opp. to ex intervallo, Cic. Inv. ii. 12. (v. 157.)
Declension
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | repēns | repēns | repēns |
| genitive | repentis | repentis | repentis |
| dative | repentī | repentī | repentī |
| accusative | repentem | repentem | repēns |
| ablative | repentī repente | repentī repente | repentī repente |
| vocative | repēns | repēns | repēns |
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | repentēs | repentēs | repentia |
| genitive | repentium | repentium | repentium |
| dative | repentibus | repentibus | repentibus |
| accusative | repentīs repentēs | repentīs repentēs | repentia |
| ablative | repentibus | repentibus | repentibus |
| vocative | repentēs | repentēs | repentia |
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- imbres repente effusi
- a sudden shower.
ne me inparatum cura laceraret repens, Cic. poët. Tusc. 3, 14, 29: hostium adventus (opp. exspectatus, and with maris subita tempestas), id. Tusc. 3, 22, 52: adventus consulis, Liv. 9, 41: bellum, id. 4, 14; 10, 7: casus Attali, id. 33, 2: clades, id. 22, 7; 8: defectio, id. 8, 29: fama belli, id. 6, 42: cum fama repens alio avertit bellum, id. 22, 21, 6: religio, id. 29, 10: terror, id. 21, 30; 33, 15: tumultus, id. 1, 14; 10, 18; 21, 26: discordia, Verg. A. 12, 313: seditio, Ov. M. 12, 61: clamor, Sil. 3, 220: singultus vocis, Stat. Th. 7, 360: sonus, Sen. Med. 971: vox, Val. Fl. 2, 91: consternatio, Curt. 10, 2, 15. — In abl.: repenti fulminis ictu, Lucr. 5, 400.— neque discerneres, quid repens aut vetustate obscurum, Tac. A. 6, 7; 11, 24: causa, id. ib. 15, 68: cogitatio, id. H. 1, 23; 2, 49: perfidia, id. ib. 4, 25.—Adv., in two forms, suddenly, unexpectedly. (Janus) Bina repens oculis obtulit ora meis, Ov. F. 1, 96.— abripuit repente sese subito, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 21; so (corresp. to subito) Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 252: repente exortus sum, repentino occidi, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 37: repente celeriterque, Caes. B. G. 1, 52: repente e vestigio, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 57: repente a tergo signa canere, Sall. J. 94, 5: repente praeter spem, Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 3: repente ex inopinato, Suet. Galb. 10; cf.: cunctisque repente Improvisus ait, Verg. A. 1, 594: lapsa repente (turris), id. ib. 2, 465: amicitias repente praecidere (opp. sensim dissuere), Cic. Off. 1, 33, 120: repente collectam auctoritatem tenebant, Caes. B. G. 6, 12 fin.; cf.: modo egens, repente dives, Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 65: an dolor repente invasit? Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 21: me repente horum aspectus repressit, Cic. Sest. 39, 144: abjectus conscientiā repente conticuit, id. Cat. 3, 5, 10; id. Rep. 1, 16, 25: cum circumfusa repente Scindit se nubes, Verg. A. 1, 586 et saep.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
Origins
Of uncertain origin. De Vaan prefers to derive the word from Proto-Italic *rep-nt-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁repnt- (“seizing”), the aorist participle of *h₁rep- (“to snatch”), and thus cognate with rapiō (“to snatch”); see there for more.
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