verbsecond conjugation, no passive, no supine stem except in the future active participle
egeō
egeō (present infinitive egēre, perfect active eguī, future active participle egitūrus)
Classical[ˈɛ.ɡe.oː]Ecclesiastical[ˈɛː.d͡ʒe.o]
Meaning
- to lack, to want, to be without
- to need, to require
- to desire, to long for, to want
Quid quaeris? Vivo et regno, simul ista reliqui Quae vos ad caelum fertis rumore secundo, Utque sacerdotis fugitivus liba recuso,
What do you want from me? I live, I am my own master, I left behind the self same things you by common approval so eagerly covet, like the fugitive I have no right to the priest's blessed cake, but bread will quench my hunger over any honeyed delicacy.20 BCE – 14 BCE, Horatius, Epistulae IX.9–11
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
careō, opus habeōegeō -ēre — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 3, 24
nōn habeō, careōegeō -ēre — in Metamorphoses I, ch. 8
needs
eget — in Seneca, ch. XX
Conjugation conjugation 2 future no-supine
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | egeō | egēbam | egēbō | eguī | egueram | eguerō |
| 2nd sg. | egēs | egēbās | egēbis | eguistī | eguerās | egueris |
| 3rd sg. | eget | egēbat | egēbit | eguit | eguerat | eguerit |
| 1st pl. | egēmus | egēbāmus | egēbimus | eguimus | eguerāmus | eguerimus |
| 2nd pl. | egētis | egēbātis | egēbitis | eguistis | eguerātis | egueritis |
| 3rd pl. | egent | egēbant | egēbunt | eguērunt eguēre | eguerant | eguerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | egeam | egērem | eguerim | eguissem |
| 2nd sg. | egeās | egērēs | eguerīs | eguissēs |
| 3rd sg. | egeat | egēret | eguerit | eguisset |
| 1st pl. | egeāmus | egērēmus | eguerīmus | eguissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | egeātis | egērētis | eguerītis | eguissētis |
| 3rd pl. | egeant | egērent | eguerint | eguissent |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | egē | — |
| pres. 2nd pl. | egēte | — |
| fut. 2nd sg. | egētō | — |
| fut. 3rd sg. | egētō | — |
| fut. 2nd pl. | egētōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | egentō | — |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | egēre | — |
| perfect infinitive | eguisse | — |
| future infinitive | egitūrum esse | — |
| present participle | egēns egente, egentem, egentēs, egentī, egentia, egentibus, egentis, egentīs, egentium | — |
| future participle | egitūrus egitūra, egitūrā, egitūrae, egitūram, egitūrārum, egitūrās, egitūre, egitūrī, egitūrīs, egitūrō, egitūrōrum, egitūrōs, egitūrum | — |
gerundegendī, egendō, egendum
ĕgĕo, ŭi, 2 (
I. part. fut. egitura, Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 24), v. n. cf. Gr. ἀχήν, poor; root αχ-, αγχ, in ἄχος, ἄγχω, etc.; Lat. angustus, angina, to be needy (for syn. cf.: indigeo, careo, vaco).
I. Prop.
a. Absol. (so usually in Plaut. and Ter.), to be needy, to be in want, to be poor:
me in divitiis esse agrumque habere, egere illam autem, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 57; cf. id. Most. 1, 3, 73; id. Truc. 2, 1, 12; 4, 2, 32; id. Trin. 2, 2, 49; id. Capt. 3, 4, 49; Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 11; Cic. Rosc. Com. 8 (opp. locupletem esse); Hor. S. 2, 2, 103 (opp. dives); id. Ep. 1, 2, 56; 2, 1, 228 et saep.—Pass. impers.: amatur atque egetur acriter, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 39.—b. To need, want, lack, to be in need of, with the thing needed.
(a). In the abl.:
earum rerum, quibus egeremus, invectio, Cic. Off. 2, 3 fin.; cf. id. Rep. 2, 5; id. Fam. 10, 16, 2: omnibus necessariis rebus, Caes. B. C. 3, 32, 4: copiis, Cic. Off. 1, 16 fin.: oculis ad cernendum, id. N. D. 2, 57, 143: bibliothecis Graecis, id. Tusc. 2, 2, 6; cf. id. Div. 2, 2, 5: medicină, id. Lael. 3: nullo, id. ib. 9, 30: consilio, opera nostra, id. ib. 14 fin.: auxilio, id. Fam. 2, 17, 16: sapiens eget nulla re: egere enim necessitatis est, Sen. Ep. 9 med. (cf. I. a. supra).—Of inanimate subjects: opus eget exercitatione non parva, Cic. Lael. 5, 17; cf. Quint. 1, 6, 38; 1, 8, 4; 1, 10, 7 et saep.—(b). In the gen. (in Cic. dub., v. the foll.):
si pudoris egeas, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 187: tui, admonitricis, id. Truc. 2, 6, 20; cf. id. Mil. 4, 2, 42; Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 67: auxilii, Caes. B. G. 6, 11, 4: medicinae (al. medicina; cf. the preced.), Cic. Fam. 9, 3 fin.: medici, curatoris, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 102; cf. custodis, id. S. 1, 4, 118: aeris (opp. locuples mancipiis), id. Ep. 1, 6, 39: nullius, id. ib. 1, 17, 22: nutricis, Ov. Tr. 6, 135: alienae facundiae, Tac. A. 13, 3 al.—Of inanimate subjects: nec prosum quicquam nostrae rationis egere, Lucr. 3, 44; Quint. 5, 14, 5; 2, 16, 13; 3, 8, 63 al.—(g). In the acc.:
nec quicquam eges, Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 12; cf. the foll.—(d). Supplied by inf. pass.:
clariores quam ut indicari egeant, Athenae, Mel. 2, 3, 4; cf. id. 2, 4, 1.II. Sometimes transf.
A. (For the usual careo.) To be without, to be destitute of, not to have:
C. Macer auctoritate semper eguit, Cic. Brut. 67, 238: donis tuis, somne, Stat. S. 5, 4, 2.—Of inanimate subjects: res proprio nomine, Lucr. 3, 134. —* B. To do without, to bear the want of: si quid est, quod utar, utor; si non est, egeo, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 23, 1.—
C. Like the Gr. δέομαι (cf. also the Engl. to want), to desire, wish for:
tui amans abeuntis egeo, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 1: plausoris, Hor. A. P. 154: tantuli, id. S. 1, 1, 59; cf. in the abl.: pane, id. Ep. 1, 10, 11.—Hence, ĕgens, entis, P. a., needy, necessitous, in want, very poor (class.; cf.: egenus, indigens, indigus, inops, pauper, mendicus): quocirca (amici) et absentes assunt egentes abundant, Cic. Lael. 7; Plaut. Pers. 1, 1, 1; 2, 3, 4; id. Stich. 2, 2, 7; Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 30; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 10; Cic. Clu. 59, 163; id. Fl. 15, 35 et saep.; cf. opp. locuples, Caes. B. C. 3, 59, 2; Dig. 22, 5, 3; opp. abundans, Cic. Par. 6, 1, 43: delectus egentium ac perditorum, Caes. B. G. 7, 4, 2; cf. Sall. C. 31, 1; 18, 4.— Comp.: nihil rege egentius, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 4.—Sup.: egestates tot egentissimorum hominum, Cic. Att. 9, 7, 5; id. Sest. 52, 111; id. Rosc. Am. 8 fin.; opp. locuples, Liv. 1, 47.—Adv. does not occur.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
egeō uī, —, ēre
EG-, to be needy, be in want, be poor, need, want, lack, have need : egebat? immo locuples erat: Semper avarus eget, H.: omnibus rebus, Cs.: medicinā: auxilio, S.: auspicia non egent interpretatione: auxili, Cs.: audaciae, S.: sum classis egeret (Aeneas), V.: si quid monitoris eges tu, H.: tantuli quanto est opus, H.— To be without, be destitute of, not to have : quibus (rebus) nos suppeditamur, eget ille, senatu, etc.: auctoritate semper eguit.
Origins
Possibly a verb built to *egos ~ *egezos (whence egestās) according to the model of pairs such as timeō beside timor. The term has been connected with the root root *h₁eg- (“to lack”). Within Italic, perhaps related to Oscan egmo.
In English words that came into English from egeō
- indigentindigēns
- indigenceindigentia
- egenceegens