verbthird conjugation, no supine stem except in the future active participle
discō
discō (present infinitive discere, perfect active didicī, future active participle discitūrus)
Classical[ˈdɪs.koː]Ecclesiastical[ˈdis.ko]
№ 465 of the 1,000 commonest wordsMille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- transitiveto learn
Aut disce aut discēde.
Either learn or go away.artem discere
to learn an art - Late Latintransitiveto teach
- transitiveto study, practice
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
scientiam accipiō; discipulus discit quod magister docet.discō -ere didicī — in Mille Verba, Artēs et Litterae
scientiam capiōdiscō -ere — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 1
doctrīnam accipiōdiscō -ere — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 4, 22
to learn
discō -ere — in Viri Romae Facillimi, ch. 6, 10, 12, 22, 23, 24
learn
discō -ere, didicī — in De Bello Gallico II
Conjugation conjugation 3 future no-supine
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | discō | discēbam | discam | didicī | didiceram | didicerō |
| 2nd sg. | discis | discēbās | discēs | didicistī | didicerās | didiceris |
| 3rd sg. | discit | discēbat | discet | didicit | didicerat | didicerit |
| 1st pl. | discimus | discēbāmus | discēmus | didicimus | didicerāmus | didicerimus |
| 2nd pl. | discitis | discēbātis | discētis | didicistis | didicerātis | didiceritis |
| 3rd pl. | discunt | discēbant | discent | didicērunt didicēre | didicerant | didicerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | discam | discerem | didicerim | didicissem |
| 2nd sg. | discās | discerēs | didicerīs | didicissēs |
| 3rd sg. | discat | disceret | didicerit | didicisset |
| 1st pl. | discāmus | discerēmus | didicerīmus | didicissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | discātis | discerētis | didicerītis | didicissētis |
| 3rd pl. | discant | discerent | didicerint | didicissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | discor | discēbar | discar |
| 2nd sg. | disceris discere | discēbāris discēbāre | discēris discēre |
| 3rd sg. | discitur | discēbātur | discētur |
| 1st pl. | discimur | discēbāmur | discēmur |
| 2nd pl. | disciminī | discēbāminī | discēminī |
| 3rd pl. | discuntur | discēbantur | discentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | discar | discerer |
| 2nd sg. | discāris discāre | discerēris discerēre |
| 3rd sg. | discātur | discerētur |
| 1st pl. | discāmur | discerēmur |
| 2nd pl. | discāminī | discerēminī |
| 3rd pl. | discantur | discerentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | disce | discere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | discite | disciminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | discitō | discitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | discitō | discitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | discitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | discuntō | discuntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | discere | discī |
| perfect infinitive | didicisse | — |
| future infinitive | discitūrum esse | — |
| present participle | discēns discente, discentem, discentēs, discentī, discentia, discentibus, discentis, discentīs, discentium | — |
| perfect participle | — | discita discitā, discitae, discitam, discitārum, discitās, discitī, discitōrum, discitōs, discitum, discitus |
| future participle | discitūrus discitūra, discitūrā, discitūrae, discitūram, discitūrārum, discitūrās, discitūre, discitūrī, discitūrīs, discitūrō, discitūrōrum, discitūrōs, discitūrum | discendus discundus, discunda, discundā, discundae, discundam, discundārum, discundās, discunde, discundī, discundīs, discundō, discundōrum, discundōs, discundum |
gerunddiscendī, discendō, discendumsupinediscitum, discitū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- experti scimus, didicimus
- we know from experience.
- litteras discere ab aliquo
- to be educated by some one.
- ludus (discendi or litterarum)
- an elementary school.
- artem musicam discere, tractare
- to learn, study music.
- fidibus discere (De Sen. 8. 26)
- to learn to play a stringed instrument.
- bis bina quot sint non didicisse
- to be absolutely ignorant of arithmetic.
- latinam linguam scire or didicisse
- to know Latin.
- multa cognita, percepta habere, multa didicisse
- to be well-informed, erudite.
disco, dĭdĭci, 3 (
I. part. fut.: sic disciturum, etc., App. ap. Prisc. p. 887 P.), v. a. from the root da-, Gr. δεδαώς, δαῆναι; dak-, cf. doceo, doctus, Gr. διδάσκω, to learn, to learn to know, to become acquainted with, etc. (for syn. cf.: capio, percipio, concipio, comprehendo, intellego, cognosco, nosco, agnosco, animadverto, calleo, scio—very freq. in all periods and sorts of writing).
(a). With acc.:
litteras Graecas senex didici, Cic. de Sen. 8, 26; id. Tusc. 1, 13, 29: so, litteras, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 22: jus civile, id. Mur. 9, 19; 10, 23: litteras apud aliquem, Cic. Fam. 9, 10, 2: dialectica ab aliquo, id. Ac. 2, 30, 98: artem ab aliquo, Quint. 3, 1, 10 et saep.: aliquid de aliquo, Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 31: virtutem ex me, fortunam ex aliis, Verg. A. 12, 435; cf. Quint. 12, 8, 6 al.: fabularum similia, Cic. Rep. 1, 36: artes, id. ib. 2, 21: palaestram, Quint. 5, 10, 121: affectum, id. 1, 11, 2: inde vocabula prima, Lucr. 5, 1042: elementa prima, Hor. S. 1, 1, 26: dulces querelas, Lucr. 5, 1384; cf. preces, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 133 et saep.: me peritus Discet Iber, Hor. C. 2, 20, 20; cf.: quem (Augustum) didicere Vindelici, id. ib. 4, 14, 8: omnes crimine ab uno, Verg. A. 2, 66 et saep.—Pass.: dum est, unde jus civile discatur, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 45; cf. jus, Quint. 12, 3, 9: Crassus, quod disci potuit de jure didicit, Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 143: tot artibus discendis, Quint. 12, 11, 9 et saep.—(b). With inf. or acc. and inf.:
pueri qui nare discunt, Plaut. Aul. 4, 1, 9: rapere et clepere, Cic. Rep. 4, 5 (ap. Non. 20, 15): Latine loqui, Sall. J. 101, 6: nobis ignoscere, Quint. 11, 2, 45: assem in partes diducere, Hor. A. P. 326: bene ferre magnam fortunam, id. C. 3, 27, 75 et saep.: bene ubi quod consilium discimus accidisse, etc., Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 15: discit, Litavicum ad sollicitandos Haeduos profectum, Caes. B. G. 7, 54: animadverti et didici ex tuis litteris te omnibus in rebus habuisse rationem, ut, etc., Cic. Fam. 3, 5; id. Ac. 2, 30 fin.: deos didici securum agere aevum, Hor. S. 1, 5, 101 et saep.—(g). With relat. clause:
plures discent, quemadmodum haec fiant, quam quemadmodum his resistatur, Cic. Lael. 12, 41: quantum in Etruria belli esset, Liv. 10, 25: patriae quid debeat, etc., Hor. A. P. 312 et saep.—(d). Absol.:
disces tu quidem a principe hujus aetatis philosophorum, et disces quamdiu voles, Cic. Off. 1, 1, 2: didicit, i. e. oratory, id. Brut. 71, 249; Caes. B. G. 6, 14, 4; Quint. 1, 12, 14 al.: discendi aut visendi causa maria transmittere, Cic. Rep. 1, 3; so, discendi causa, id. ib. 1, 10; id. Off. 2, 1, 4; Caes. B. G. 6, 13 fin. al.: se ita a patribus majoribusque suis didicisse, ut, etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 13, 6. —Ellipt.: discebant fidibus antiqui, sc. canere, Cic. de Sen. 8 fin. (cf.: docere fidibus, Cic. Fam. 9, 22, 3: scire fidibus, Ter. Eun. 1, 5, 53).—b. Transf., of inanimate subjects:
manus, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 159: nec varios discet mentiri lana colores, Verg. E. 4, 42: arbores, Plin. H. N. 16 prooem.—c. To teach = docere (late Lat., cf. μανθάνειν, and Eng. learn):
falsa discentes, Amm. 14, 1.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
discō didicī, —, ere
DIC-, to learn, learn to know, acquire, become acquainted with : litteras: ius civile: dialectica ab aliquo: id de me, T.: virtutem ex me, V.: quae illi litteris, ego militando didici, S.: per laborem usum militiae, S.: omnīs crimine ab uno, V.: unde ius civile discatur: quae (artes) non sine otio discuntur: Pater esse disce ab illis, T.: senatui parere: miseris succurrere, V.: iustitiam et non temnere divos, V.: Litavicum ad sollicitandos Aeduos profectum, Cs.: nihil esse foedius servitute: quid sit vivere, T.: hoc quam nihil sit: quantum in Etruriā belli esset, L: Unde sit infamis, O.: qui discunt, pupils , Cs.: illo discendi causā proficisci, to study , Cs.: voluntas discendi: discebant fidibus antiqui (sc. canere).—Poet., of things, to be taught : Nec discet mentiri lana colores, V.— To study for acting, present, produce (on the stage): has partīs, T.: Novas (fabulas), T.
Origins
From Proto-Italic *diskō, from earlier *dikskō, from Proto-Indo-European *di-dḱ-ské-ti, a reduplicated durative, inchoative and suffixed verb from the root *deḱ- (“to take”). The perfect form emerged from Proto-Italic *de-dok-ai, from Proto-Indo-European *de-dóḱ-e ~ *de-dḱ-ḗr, whence also Ancient Greek δέδεξο (dédexo) and Sanskrit ददाश (dadā́śa). The reduplicant vowel of the Latin perfect probably resulted from assimilation following the reduction of *de-dVk- > *de-dik-. Within Latin, related to doceō; unrelated to discipulus. Cognates include Ancient Greek δέχομαι (dékhomai), whereas δαῆναι (daênai) is attributed to another root, *dens-, together with δεδαώς (dedaṓs), δήνεα (dḗnea) and διδάσκω (didáskō).
Descendants
- Bretondeskiñfrom Proto-Brythonic *dɨskɨd
- Cornishdyskifrom Proto-Brythonic *dɨskɨd
- Welshdysgufrom Proto-Brythonic *dɨskɨd