verbfourth conjugation
dēfīniō
dēfīniō (present infinitive dēfīnīre, perfect active dēfīnīvī, supine dēfīnītum)
Classical[deːˈfiː.ni.oː]Ecclesiastical[deˈfiː.ni.o]
dēfīnītus perf. pass. ptcp.
Meaning
- to bound, set bounds to; to limit
- to define, explain, designate by limiting
- to terminate, finish
In the readers how our graded readers gloss it
bound; define
dēfīniō -īre — in De Bello Gallico III
Conjugation conjugation 4
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | dēfīniō | dēfīniēbam | dēfīniam | dēfīnīvī | dēfīnīveram | dēfīnīverō |
| 2nd sg. | dēfīnīs | dēfīniēbās | dēfīniēs | dēfīnīvistī | dēfīnīverās | dēfīnīveris |
| 3rd sg. | dēfīnit | dēfīniēbat | dēfīniet | dēfīnīvit | dēfīnīverat | dēfīnīverit |
| 1st pl. | dēfīnīmus | dēfīniēbāmus | dēfīniēmus | dēfīnīvimus | dēfīnīverāmus | dēfīnīverimus |
| 2nd pl. | dēfīnītis | dēfīniēbātis | dēfīniētis | dēfīnīvistis | dēfīnīverātis | dēfīnīveritis |
| 3rd pl. | dēfīniunt | dēfīniēbant | dēfīnient | dēfīnīvērunt dēfīnīvēre, dēfīnīērunt | dēfīnīverant | dēfīnīverint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | dēfīniam | dēfīnīrem | dēfīnīverim | dēfīnīvissem |
| 2nd sg. | dēfīniās | dēfīnīrēs | dēfīnīverīs | dēfīnīvissēs |
| 3rd sg. | dēfīniat | dēfīnīret | dēfīnīverit | dēfīnīvisset dēfīnīsset |
| 1st pl. | dēfīniāmus | dēfīnīrēmus | dēfīnīverīmus | dēfīnīvissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | dēfīniātis | dēfīnīrētis | dēfīnīverītis | dēfīnīvissētis |
| 3rd pl. | dēfīniant | dēfīnīrent | dēfīnīverint | dēfīnīvissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | dēfīnior | dēfīniēbar | dēfīniar |
| 2nd sg. | dēfīnīris dēfīnīre | dēfīniēbāris dēfīniēbāre | dēfīniēris dēfīniēre |
| 3rd sg. | dēfīnītur | dēfīniēbātur | dēfīniētur |
| 1st pl. | dēfīnīmur | dēfīniēbāmur | dēfīniēmur |
| 2nd pl. | dēfīnīminī | dēfīniēbāminī | dēfīniēminī |
| 3rd pl. | dēfīniuntur | dēfīniēbantur | dēfīnientur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | dēfīniar | dēfīnīrer |
| 2nd sg. | dēfīniāris dēfīniāre | dēfīnīrēris dēfīnīrēre |
| 3rd sg. | dēfīniātur | dēfīnīrētur |
| 1st pl. | dēfīniāmur | dēfīnīrēmur |
| 2nd pl. | dēfīniāminī | dēfīnīrēminī |
| 3rd pl. | dēfīniantur | dēfīnīrentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | dēfīnī | dēfīnīre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | dēfīnīte | dēfīnīminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | dēfīnītō | dēfīnītor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | dēfīnītō | dēfīnītor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | dēfīnītōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | dēfīniuntō | dēfīniuntor |
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | dēfīnīre | dēfīnīrī |
| perfect infinitive | dēfīnīvisse | dēfīnītum esse |
| future infinitive | dēfīnītūrum esse | dēfīnītum īrī |
| present participle | dēfīniēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | dēfīnītus dēfīnīta, dēfīnītā, dēfīnītae, dēfīnītam, dēfīnītārum, dēfīnītās, dēfīnītī, dēfīnītōrum, dēfīnītōs |
| future participle | dēfīnītūrus dēfīnītūra, dēfīnītūrā, dēfīnītūrae, dēfīnītūram, dēfīnītūrārum, dēfīnītūrās, dēfīnītūre, dēfīnītūrī, dēfīnītūrīs, dēfīnītūrō, dēfīnītūrōrum, dēfīnītūrōs, dēfīnītūrum | dēfīniendus dēfīniundus, dēfīnienda, dēfīniendā, dēfīniendae, dēfīniendam, dēfīniendārum, dēfīniendās, dēfīniende, dēfīniendīs, dēfīniendōrum, dēfīniendōs |
gerunddēfīniendī, dēfīniendō, dēfīniendumsupinedēfīnītum, dēfīnītū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- rem (res) definire
- to define a thing.
- imperium orbis terrarum terminis definitur
- the empire reaches to the ends of the world.
- spinae partiendi et definiendi (Tusc. 5. 8. 22)
- minute, captious subdivisions and definitions.
- involutae rei notitiam definiendo aperire (Or. 33. 116)
- to make an obscure notion clear by means of definition.
- iracundiam sic (ita) definiunt, ut ulciscendi libidinem esse dicant or ut u. libido sit or iracundiam sic definiunt, ulc. libidinem
- anger is defined as a passionate desire for revenge.
dēfīnĭo, īvi, ītum, 4, v. a.
I. To bound, to set bounds to; to limit, terminate, define (for syn. v. decerno—freq. in Cic.).
A. Lit.:
ejus fundi extremam partem oleae directo ordine definiunt, Cic. Caecin. 8, 22; cf. id. Rep. 2, 6: orbes caeli aspectum nostrum definiunt, id. Div. 2, 44; cf. id. N. D. 2, 40: orbem terrarum (loca), id. Balb. 28, 64; imperium populi R., id. Sest. 31, 67 al. —B. Trop.
1. To designate by limiting; to limit, define, determine; to explain (cf. circumscribo, no. II. A.):
genus universum brevi circumscribi et definiri potest, Cic. Sest. 45, 97; cf. id. de Or. 1, 16, 70: universam et propriam oratoris vim, id. ib. 1, 15: definienda res erit verbis et breviter describenda, id. Inv. 1, 8 fin.; cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 24; 2, 31 fin.: omitto innumerabiles viros, etc.... unum hoc definio, tantam esse necessitatem virtutis, etc., this only I declare, etc., id. ib. 1, 1 fin.: probe definitur a Stoicis fortitudo, cum eam virtutem esse dicunt propugnantem pro aequitate, id. Off. 1, 19; 1, 27, 96; id. Fin. 2, 2 et saep.: nec uno modo definitur res eadem, Quint. 7, 3, 16; Tac. A. 6, 28 et saep.: aedes sibi optimas, hortos, etc., Cic. Phil. 8, 3, 9; cf.: ut suus cuique locus erat definitus, Caes. B. G. 7, 81, 4: tempus adeundi, id. ib. 7, 83, 5: cf.: ante quem diem iturus sit, id. B. C. 1, 11, 2: annos, Quint. 12, 6, 1: consulatum in annos, Caes. B. C. 3, 82, 4; cf.: potestatem in quinquennium, Cic. Agr. 2, 13: ut quam vitam ingrediar, definias, id. Ac. 2, 36; cf. id. Quint. 27: non remittam: definitum est, it is determined, decided, Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 43; Cic. Fat. 5, 9; Vulg. 1 Reg. 20, 33.—2. In opposition to breadth or laxity (cf. circumscribo, no. II. 2), to limit within certain bounds, to restrict, confine:
non vagabitur oratio mea longius atque eis fere ipsis definietur viris, qui, etc., Cic. de Or. 3, 3: quae sententia definit amicitiam paribus officiis ac voluntatibus, Cic. Lael. 16, 58; cf. id. de Or. 3, 28, 109: ex perduellium numero definitus, included in the definition of, Off. 3, 29, 107 (dub.). —II. To terminate, finish (very rare;
perh. only in the foll. places): ut totam hujus generis orationem concludam atque definiam, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 52 Zumpt; id. Or. 19 fin.: definito juvene, ended, i. e. slain, Apul. M. 8, p. 203, 20.—Hence, dēfīnītus, a, um, P. a. (according to no. I. B. 1), definite, limited, distinct, precise; plain, perspicuous (rare, but good prose): quaestionum duo sunt genera: alterum infinitum, alterum definitum. Definitum est, quod ὑπόθεσιν Graeci, nos causam, etc., Cic. Top. 21; so opp. generales, Quint. 7, 2, 1: certum esse in caelo ac definitum locum, ubi, etc., Cic. Rep. 6, 13; so with certus, id. Fam. 3, 8; Quint. 7, 10, 7: quaestiones, Cic. Top. 24 fin.—Adv.: dē-fīnītē, definitely, precisely, distinctly, etc., Cic. Balb. 14; de Or. 2, 27, 118; Plin. Pan. 88, 6; Gell. 1, 257 al.—Comp. and sup. do not occur.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
dē-fīniō īvī, ītus, īre,
to bound, set bounds to, limit, terminate, define: fundi extremam partem oleae ordine: orbem terrarum (loca): huius generis orationem, bring to an end. — Fig., to limit, define, explain: genus brevi definiri potest: unum hoc definio, tantam esse, etc., this only I declare, etc. — To fix, determine, establish, appoint: aedīs sibi: ut suus cuique locus erat definitus, Cs.: ante quem diem iturus sit, Cs.: cum esset omnibus definita mors. — To limit, bound, restrict, confine: amicitiam paribus officiis ac voluntatibus.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*de
- Proto-Indo-European*déh₁
- Proto-Italic*dē
- Latindēfīniō
Latin dē- Latin fīnis Proto-Indo-European *-yétider. Latin -iō Latin fīniō Latin dēfīniō From dē- + fīniō (“set a limit, bound, end”).
Descendants
- Catalandefinir
- Germandefinieren
- Italiandefinire
- Portuguesedefinir
- Spanishdefinir
- Asturiandefinir
- Dutchdefiniëren
- Friuliandefinî
- Galiciandefinir
- Interlinguadefinir
In English words that came into English from dēfīniō
- definitiondēfīnītiō
- definedēfīniō
- definitedēfīnītus
- indefiniteindēfīnītus
- definiendumdēfīniendum