combūrō
Meaning
- transitiveto burn up, to burn away
- transitiveto consume (with fire)
- transitiveto cremate
- transitiveto scald
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Accendere · Incendere · Inflammare · Comburere · Cremare
Accendere, incendere, and inflammare, mean ‘to set on fire:’ accendere, from without, and at a single point, like ἀνάπτειν [hence to light a torch, etc.]; incendere, from within, like ἐνδαίειν [hence to set fire to houses, villages]; inflammare, ‘to set on fire,’ either from without or from within, but with bright flames, like ἀναφλογίζειν; comburere and cremare mean ‘to burn up, or consume by fire;’ comburere, with a glowing heat, as the causative of ardere, like κατακαίειν; cremare, with bright flames, as the causative of flagrare like πιμπράναι. Hence, mortui cremantur on a bright blazing funeral pile; vivi comburuntur, Cic. Fam. x. 32. Verr. i. 33 and 38, in order to make the torture of that mode of dying felt the more. (iv. 250.)
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | combūrō | combūrēbam | combūram | combussī | combusseram | combusserō |
| 2nd sg. | combūris | combūrēbās | combūrēs | combussistī | combusserās | combusseris |
| 3rd sg. | combūrit | combūrēbat | combūret | combussit | combusserat | combusserit |
| 1st pl. | combūrimus | combūrēbāmus | combūrēmus | combussimus | combusserāmus | combusserimus |
| 2nd pl. | combūritis | combūrēbātis | combūrētis | combussistis | combusserātis | combusseritis |
| 3rd pl. | combūrunt | combūrēbant | combūrent | combussērunt combussēre | combusserant | combusserint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | combūram | combūrerem | combusserim | combussissem |
| 2nd sg. | combūrās | combūrerēs | combusserīs | combussissēs |
| 3rd sg. | combūrat | combūreret | combusserit | combussisset |
| 1st pl. | combūrāmus | combūrerēmus | combusserīmus | combussissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | combūrātis | combūrerētis | combusserītis | combussissētis |
| 3rd pl. | combūrant | combūrerent | combusserint | combussissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | combūror | combūrēbar | combūrar |
| 2nd sg. | combūreris combūrere | combūrēbāris combūrēbāre | combūrēris combūrēre |
| 3rd sg. | combūritur | combūrēbātur | combūrētur |
| 1st pl. | combūrimur | combūrēbāmur | combūrēmur |
| 2nd pl. | combūriminī | combūrēbāminī | combūrēminī |
| 3rd pl. | combūruntur | combūrēbantur | combūrentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | combūrar | combūrerer |
| 2nd sg. | combūrāris combūrāre | combūrerēris combūrerēre |
| 3rd sg. | combūrātur | combūrerētur |
| 1st pl. | combūrāmur | combūrerēmur |
| 2nd pl. | combūrāminī | combūrerēminī |
| 3rd pl. | combūrantur | combūrerentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | combūre | combūrere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | combūrite | combūriminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | combūritō | combūritor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | combūritō | combūritor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | combūritōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | combūruntō | combūruntor |
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | combūrere | combūrī |
| perfect infinitive | combussisse | combustum esse |
| future infinitive | combustūrum esse | combustum īrī |
| present participle | combūrēns combūrente, combūrentem, combūrentēs, combūrentī, combūrentia, combūrentibus, combūrentis, combūrentīs, combūrentium | — |
| perfect participle | — | combustus combusta, combustā, combustae, combustam, combustārum, combustās, combuste, combustī, combustīs, combustō, combustōrum, combustōs |
| future participle | combustūrus combustūra, combustūrā, combustūrae, combustūram, combustūrārum, combustūrās, combustūre, combustūrī, combustūrīs, combustūrō, combustūrōrum, combustūrōs, combustūrum | combūrendus combūrundus, combūrenda, combūrendā, combūrendae, combūrendam, combūrendārum, combūrendās, combūrende, combūrendīs, combūrendōrum, combūrendōs |
fumo comburi nihil potest, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 54: flamma comburens impete magno, Lucr. 6, 153: is ejus (solis) tactus est, ut saepe comburat, Cic. N. D. 2, 15, 40: aedis, Plaut. Aul. 2, 6, 12: frumentum omne, Caes. B. G. 1, 5: naves, id. B. C. 3, 101: annales, Cic. Div. 1, 17, 33; cf. id. N. D. 1, 23, 63; Liv 33, 11, 1: religiosas vestes, * Suet. Tib. 36: aliquem vivum, Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 52; Auct. B. Hisp. 20; so of persons: et patrem et filium vivos conburere, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 6; Serv ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 12, 3; Cic. Att. 14, 10, 1.—Hence, combustis mederi, id. 22, 25, 69, § 141. —Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
Origins
From con- + ūrō. The -b- was inserted by analogy with ambūrō. Alternatively directly from co- + ambūrō.
- Englishcombure
- Englishcombust
- Frenchcomburer
- Germankomburieren
- Italiancomburere
- Middle Frenchcomburirfrom Old French comburir