Academy

Biography and Mythology

Jacobus . 1. Of ALEXANDRIA, called PSYCHRISTUS or PSYCOCHRISTUS, a physician who lived in the reig
Jacobus a patrons causarum at Constantinople, was one of the commission of sixteen, headed by Trib
Jacobus 3. Bishop of BATNE or BATNAE (Βάτνη or Βατναί), a town now called Saruj, in the district o
Jacobus 4. A monk of the monastery of COCCINOBAPHUS, about the time of the emperor Alexius Comnenu
Jacobus 7. Of EDESSA, the elder, called also by a Latinized form of his Syrian cognomen BARADAEUS,
Jacobus 8. Of EDESSA, the younger, known also by the designations of DOCTOR, and COMMENTATOR, and
Jacobus 12. Of NIMIUZA (Νιμούζα), a Syrian hermit, whose austerities are described in the Philothe
Jacobus 13. Of NISIBIS, commonly designated MAGNUS, the Great (ὁ μεγας, Theodoret.), was born at N
Jacobus 17. A SYRIAN monk, disciple of the monk Maro or Maron (from whom, indirectly, the Maronite
Jacobus DIACONUS DIACONUS. 6. DIACONUS (the DEACON) or of EDESSA. It is doubtful of what church Jacobus was
Jacobus ZANZALUS ZANZALUS. 18. ZANZALUS. [See No. 7.] Other Jacobi are mentioned in the Bibliotheca Grateca
Janopulus or JUNOPU'LUS, JOANNES, the name given by Fabricius to a jurist of the later Byzantine per
Janus and JANA, a pair of ancient Latin divinities, who were worshipped as the sun and moon, whe
Jason i.e. the healer or atoner, a name which the hero was said to have received from Cheiron, h
Jason tyrant of Pherae and Tagus of Thessaly (Dict. of Antiq. s. v. Tagus), was probably the son
Jason literary. 1. Of Cyrene, an Hellenist Jew, wrote the history of the Maccabees, and of the w
Jason 2. Of Nysa, a Stoic philosopher, son of Menecrates, and, on the mother's side, grandson of
Jason 3. Of Argos, an historian, who was, according to Suidas, younger than Plutarch. He therefo
Jason 4. Of Byzantium, only known by a single reference in Plutarch (de Fluv. 11), where the tit
Javolenus Priscus Priscus. or PRISCUS JAVOLE'NUS, an eminent Roman jurist. His name occurs in both forms; Po
Joannes Ἰωάννης, Latin emperor of Constantinople,the third son of Everard, count of Brienne, and A
Joannes 41. Of CONSTANTINOPLE, 4. or Joannes VI. in the list of patriarchs of that city. He was ap
Joannes 44. Of CONSTANTINOPLE, 7. Works Περὶ Πρεσβειῶν, De Legationibus A Joannes Constantinopolit
Joannes 56. Of EPIPHANEIA in Syria, a Byzantine historian, who flourished toward the close of the
Joannes 63. Of GAZA, a Greek writer (grammaticus), of whose date nothing is known, except that he
Joannes 72. Of JERUSALEM (1), was originally a monk; but little is known of his history till A. D.
Joannes 73. Of JERUSALEM (2). A synodical letter of Joannes, who was patriarch of Jerusalem early
Joannes commonly called Joannes of CAPPADOCIA, because he was a native of that country, one of the
Joannes 74. Of JERUSALEM (3). Works Three extant pieces relating to the Iconoclastic controversy b
Joannes 75. Of JERUSALEM (4), patriarch of Jerusalem. Works Life of Joannes Damascenus He was the
Joannes 76. Of JERUSALEM (5). Works There are several works extant in MSS. in different libraries,
Joannes 81. Of LYDDA, of which city he was bishop A. D. 1194. His only extant work is given in the
Joannes 92. Of NICAEA (1). Joannes, archbishop of Nice before the 11th century. Works Epistola de
Joannes 94. Of NICOMEDEIA. Joannes, presbyter of the church of Nicomedeia in Bithynia, in the time
Joannes 106. Of ST. SABA. Works Ὁ Βίος Βαρλαὰμ καὶ Ἰωασάφ, Barlaami et Joasaphi Vita There is exta
Joannes 111. Of SCYTHOPOLIS, a Greek ecclesiastical writer, apparently of the latter end of the fi
Joannes Literary and Ecclesiastical. The index to the Bibliotheca Graeca of Fabricius contains a l
Joannes 116. Of THESSALONICA (1). Joannes, archbishop of Thessalonica, was a stout defender of the
Joannes 117. Of THESSALONICA (2), the younger. Works Hymnus ad Deum et ad gloriosum Demetrium cum
Joannes jurists. 1. COMES SACRARH, under Theodosius the younger, was one of the nine commissioners
Joannes 2. Was at the head of the first commission of ten appointed by Justinian in A. D. 528 to c
Joannes 3. An advocate in the courts of the praefecti praetoriorum at Constantinople, was one of t
Joannes 35. Of CITRUS (now Kitro or Kidros), in Macedonia, the ancient Pydna. Joannes was bishop o
Joannes AEGEATES AEGEATES. 2. AEGEATES (ὁ Αἰγεάτης), a presbyter of Aegae (Αἰγαί), apparently the town so c
Joannes AEGYPTIUS AEGYPTIUS. 3. AEGYPTIUS, or of EGYPT (1). A Christian martyr, who suffered in Palestine in
Joannes AEGYPTIUS AEGYPTIUS. 5. AEGYPTIUS (3). A monk of the Thebaid, celebrated for his supposed power of f
Joannes Alexandrinus Alexandrinus. a physician of Alexandria, who may be supposed to have lived in the seventh
Joannes ANTIOCHENUS ANTIOCHENUS. 9. ANTIOCHENUS, or of ANTIOCH (1). Patriarch of that city in the first half o
Joannes ANTIOCHENUS ANTIOCHENUS. 14. ANTIOCHENUS (6). The Excerpta ex Collectaneis Constantini Augusti Porphyr
Joannes ANTIOCHENUS ANTIOCHENUS. 15. ANTIOCHENUS (7). A discourse, λόγος, on the gift of monasteries and their
Joannes ANTIOCHENUS ANTIOCHENUS. 4. ANTIOCHENUS and SCHOLASTICUS, from his native place Antioch, and the profe
Joannes ARGYROPULUS ARGYROPULUS. 17. ARGYROPULUS (Ἀργυροποῦλος), one of the learned Greeks whose flight into W
Joannes BESSARION BESSARION. 21. BESSARION or BESSARIO, sometimes BESARION, BISSARION, BISARION, or BIZARION
Joannes CAPPADOX CAPPADOX. 27. CAPPADOX, or the CAPPADOCIAN (1). John the Cappadocian was made patriarch of
Joannes CAPPADOX CAPPADOX. 28. CAPPADOX, or the CAPPADOCIAN (2), patriarch of Constantinople, known by the
Joannes CHARAX CHARAX. 31. CHARAX (Χάραξ), a Greek grammarian of unknown date. Works Treatise on Enclitic
Joannes CUCUZELES CUCUZELES. 46. CUCUZELES (Κουκουζέλης or Κουκουζέλη), a Greek musical composer of the late
Joannes DIACONUS DIACONUS. 51. DIACONUS et RHETOR (Διάκονος καὶ Ῥήτωρ), deacon of the great church (St. Sop
Joannes DRUNGARIUS DRUNGARIUS. 53. DRUNGARIUS, or DRUNGARIAS, or of DRUNGARIA Montfaucon gives the name Ἰωάνν
Joannes ELEEMOSYNARIUS ELEEMOSYNARIUS. 55. ELEEMOSYNARIUS the ALMONER, patriarch of Alexandria early in the seven
Joannes EPIPHANII EPIPHANII. 57. EPIPHANII DISCIPULUS. Works Life of Epiphanius of Constantia A spurious lif
Joannes EUGENICUS EUGENICUS. 60. EUGENICUS (Εὐγενικός) was deacon and nomophylax of the great church at Cons
Joannes GALENUS GALENUS. 61. GALENUS (Γαληνός) or PEDIASIMUS (Πεδιάδιμος); also called POTHUS (Πόθος), and
Joannes GEOMETRA GEOMETRA. 64. GEOMETRA, the GEOMETER (Γεωμέτρης), called also PROTOTHRONUS (Πρωτόθρονος),
Joannes I. Zimisces I. Zimisces (Ἰωάννης Τζιμισκῆς), emperor of Constantinople (A. D. 969-976), was descended
Joannes Iii. Vatatzes Iii. Vatatzes (Ἰωάννης ὁ Βατάτζης), also called JOANNES DUCAS VATATZES, because he was des
Joannes ITALUS ITALUS. 78. ITALUS (Ἰταλὸς), philosopher and heresiarch in the reign of Alexis or Alexius
Joannes Iv. Lascaris Iv. Lascaris (Ἰωάννης ὁ Δάσκαρις), emperor of Nicaea (A. D. 1259-1261), was the son of the
Joannes JACOBITARUM JACOBITARUM. 69. JACOBITARUM PATRIARCHA, a Latin version of a letter of Joannes, patriarch
Joannes JOSEPHUS JOSEPHUS. 77. JOSEPHUS. Works Revision of the Septuagint Theodoret (Dissert. MS. in Prophe
Joannes LAURENTIUS LAURENTIUS. 79. LAURENTIUS or LYDUS (the LYDIAN), or of PHILADELPHIA, or more fully JOANNE
Joannes MARCUS MARCUS. 84. MARCUS. A spurious work, Acta et Passio S. Barnabea in Cypro, professing to be
Joannes MARO MARO. 85. MARO, so called from the monastery of St. Maro on the Orontes, near Antioch, an
Joannes NOMOPHYLAX NOMOPHYLAX. 5. NOMOPHYLAX. He is commonly called a scholiast on the Basilica, but was rath
Joannes or Joannes Archaph or Joannes Archaph. 16. ARCHAPH, Ἀρχάφ, an Egyptian schismatic, contemporary with Athanasi
Joannes or Joannes Climacus or Joannes Climacus. 104. RAITHUENSIS, or RAITHENUS, i. e. of RAITHUS or RAITHU (τοῦ Ῥαϊθο
Joannes or Joannes Codonatus or Joannes Codonatus. 10. ANTIOCHENUS (2). On the deposition of Petrus Gnapheus or Fullo (
Joannes or Joannes Mauropus or Joannes Mauropus. 58. Of EUCHAITA or EUCHAITAE or EUCHANIA, a city of Heleno-Pontus, wh
Joannes or Joannes Sapiens or Joannes Sapiens. 48. CYPARISSIOTA (Κυπαρισσιώτης), surnamed SAPIENS or the WISE, an ecc
Joannes PHOCAS PHOCAS. 100. PHOCAS (Φοκὰς), a Cretan monk, son of Matthaeus, who became a monk in Patmos.
Joannes PHURNES PHURNES. 101. PHURNES (Φουρνῆς), a monk of the monastery of Mount Ganus in the reign of th
Joannes PROTOSPATHARIUS PROTOSPATHARIUS. 103. PROTOSPATHARIUS, a writer of uncertain date. Works A Brief Commentar
Joannes RHETOR RHETOR. 105. RHETOR (Ῥήτωρ), an historian of the earlier Byzantine period, frequently cite
Joannes SICULUS SICULUS. 112. SICULUS, or of SICILY, author of a Greek Chronicon, extending from the creat
Joannes TALAIA TALAIA. 115. TALAIA, or TALAIDA, otherwise TABENNISIOTA (Ταβεννισιώτης), from the monaster
Joannes Tzetzes Tzetzes. 1. JOANNES (Ἰωάννης Τζέτζης), a Greek grammarian of Constantinople. The period wh
Joannes V. Cantacuzenus V. Cantacuzenus (Ἰωάννης ὁ Καντακουζήνος), emperor of Constantinople (A. D. 1342-1355), of
Joannes Vi. Palaeologus Vi. Palaeologus (Ἰωάννης ὁ Παλαιολόγος), emperor of Constantinople (A. D. 1355-1391), ofte
Joannes Vii. Palaeologus Vii. Palaeologus. emperor of Constantinople (A. D. 1425-1448), was born in 1390, and succe
Joel a Byzantine historian, lived at the end of the 12th, and in the beginning of the 13th cent
Jornandes or JORDA'NES, as he is called, perhaps correctly, in the Codex Ambrosianus, and some other
Josephus . 1. Of ALEXANDRIA, archdeacon of Alexandria, attended the council of Constantinople (reck
Josephus 2. Of ARIMATHEA. There is an ancient tradition that Joseph of Arimathea was sent by the ap
Josephus 7. Of CONSTANTINOPLE, 2. Joseph, who pre viously held the archbishopric of Ephesus, was el
Josephus 12. HYPOMNESTICI AUCTOR, sometimes called JOSEPHUS CHRISTIANUS. Identity has been conjectu
Josephus, Flavius Flavius (Φλάβιος Ἰώσηπος), the Jewish historian, son of Matthias, is celebrated not only a
Josephus GORIONIDES GORIONIDES. 10. GORIONIDES, or JOSEPH BEN GORION, or JOSIPPON. The Jewish historian, Flavi
Josephus HYMNOGRAPHUS HYMNOGRAPHUS. 11. HYMNOGRAPHUS, a Greek ecclesiastic, sceuophylax, or keeper of the sacred
Josephus or Josephus Plusiadenus or Josephus Plusiadenus. 13. Of METHONE. Works Ἀπολογία εἰς τὸ γραμμάτιον κυροῦ Μάρκου τοῦ
Josephus, Tenedius Tenedius. Though this name occurs in the modern catalogues of Graeco-Roman jurists, the ex
Jovianus, Flavius Claudius Flavius Claudius. Roman emperor (A. D. 363-364), was the son of the Comes Varronianus, one
Jovius a bold and faithless intriguer, was Praefectus Praetorio of Illyricum, under the emperor H
Juba I. (Ἰόβας), king of Numidia, was son of Hiempsal, who was re-established on the throne by
Juba II. (Ἰόβας), king of Mauritania, son of the preceding. He was a mere child at the time of
Judacilius a native of Asculum in Picenum, was one of the chief generals of the allies in the Social
Judas a Greek historian and theologian, who seems to have lived about the time of Alexander Seve
Judex, T. Vettius T. Vettius. a name occurring on coins, a specimen of which is given below, but it is impos
Juga or JUGA'LIS, that is, the goddess of marriage, occurs as a surname of Juno, in the same se
Jugurtha king of Numidia, was a grandson of Masinissa, being a son of his youngest son, Mastanabal;
Julia 1. A daughter of C. Julius Caesar [CAESAR, No. 14] and Marcia, and aunt of Caesar the dict
Julia 10. A daughter of Titus, the son of Vespasian, by Furnilla. She married Flavius Sabinus, a
Julia 2. A daughter of L. Julius Caesar [CAESAR, No. 9] and Fulvia. She married M. Antonius Cret
Julia 3. The elder of the two sisters of Caesar the dictator, married, but in what order is unce
Julia 4. The younger sister of Caesar the dictator, was the wife of M. Atius Balbus [BALBUS ATIU
Julia 5. Daughter of Caesar the dictator, by Cornelia [CORNELIA, 2], and his only child in marri
Julia 6. Daughter of Augustus by Scribonia [SCRIBONIA], and his only child. She was born in B. C
Julia 7. Daughter of the preceding, and wife of L. Aemilius Paullus, by whom she had M. Aemilius
Julia 8. The youngest child of Germanicus and Agrippina, was born in A. D. 18. (Tac. Ann. 2.54.)
Julia 9. Daughter of Drusus [DRUSUS CAESAR, No. 16] and Livia, the sister of Germanicus. She mar
Julia Gens Gens. One of the most ancient patrician gentes at Rome, the members of which attained the
Julianus historical. 1. A Roman general, who distinguished himself in the war against the Dacians i
Julianus 2. A distinguished Roman of the time of the emperor Commodus, who at first highly esteemed
Julianus 2. Surnamed the Egyptian, because he was for a time governor of Egypt. Works The Greek Ant
Julianus 3. Of Caesareia in Cappadocia, was a contemporary of Aedesius, and a disciple of Maximus o
Julianus 4. A Greek grammarian, who, according to Photius (Bibl. cod. 150), wrote a dictionary to t
Julianus the Graeco-Roman JURIST. A Latin Epitome of the Novells of Justinian is extant under this
Julianus a PHYSICIAN of Alexandria, a contemporary of Galen, in the second century after Christ. (G
Julianus, Antonius Antonius. a friend and contemporary of A. Gellius, who speaks of him as a public teacher o
Julianus, Flavius Claudius or Claudius Apostata Flavius Claudius or Claudius Apostata. surnamed APOSTATA, "the Apostate," Roman emperor, A
Julianus or Julianus Eclanensis or Julianus Eclanensis. surnamed ECLANENSIS for the sake of distinction, is conspicuous in
Julianus or Julianus Theurgus or Julianus Theurgus (Ἰουλιανός), literary. 1. A Chaldaean, surnamed Theurgus, i. e. the m
Julianus, Salvius Salvius. an eminent Roman jurist, who flourished under Hadrian and the Antonines. Of his p
Julius was ordained bishop of Rome, as the successor of Mark, on the 6th of February, A. D. 337,
Julus the eldest son of Ascanius, who claimed the government of Latium, but was obliged to give
Julus 8. L. Julius Julus, consular tribune in B. C. 403, with five colleagues, according to the
Julus 9. L. Julius, L. F., VOP. N., JULUS, the son of No. 5, and the grandson of No. 3, consular
Julus 10. L. Julius Julus, consular tribune in B. C. 388, with five colleagues; and a second tim
Julus 11. C. Julius Julus, was nominated dictator in B. C. 352, under pretence of an apprehended
Julus the name of an ancient patrician family of the Julia gens, which obtained the highest dign
Julus 1. C. Julius, L. F., JULUS, consul in B. C. 489 with P. Pinarius Mamercinus Rufus, in lose
Julus 2. C. Julius, C. F. L. N., JULUS, son of No. 1, consul in B. C. 482 with Q. Fabius Vibulan
Julus 3. VOPISCUS JULIUS. C. F. L. N., JULUS, son of No. 1, and brother of No. 2, was consul wit
Julus 4. C. Julius, C. F. C. N., JULUS, son of No. 2, was consul in B. C. 447, with M. Geganius
Julus 5. L. Julius, VOP. F. C. N., JULUS, son of No. 3, one of the three consular tribunes in B.
Julus 7. C. Julius Vop., L. F. N., JULUS, grandson of No. 3, consular tribune in B. C. 408, with
Juncus a Greek philosopher, from whose treatise "On Old Age" (περὶ δήρως) considerable extracts a
Junia 1. The wife of C. Marcellus, the augur, and the mother of C. Marcellus, who was consul in
Junia 2. The daughter of Servilia and D. Junius Silanus, consul in B. C. 62. She was also the ha
Junia 3. Junia Tertia, or TERTULLA, own sister of the preceding, and consequently half-sister of
Junia Gens Gens. one of the most celebrated of the Roman gentes, was in all probability originally pa
Junius 1 Q. JUNIUS, one of the tribunes of the plebs in B. C. 315, who endeavoured to excite the
Junius 2. D. Junius was stationed with a force by the consul, Ap. Claudius, in the second Punic w
Junius 3. T. Junius, L. F., a contemporary of Sulla, possessed no mean oratorical powers, but was
Junius 4. M. Junius, the previous defender of Cicero's client, P. Quintius, but was absent on an
Junius 5. C. Junius, presided as judex quaestionis in the year of Verres's praetorship, B. C. 74,
Juno The name of Juno is probably of the same root as Jupiter, and differs from it only in its
Justinianus the second son of Germanus, and the grand-nephew of Justinian I. (see the genealogical tab
Justinianus Ii. or Justinianus Rhinotmetus Ii. or Justinianus Rhinotmetus. surnamed RHINOTME'TUS (he whose nose is cut off), emperor
Justinus the elder son of Germanus (see the genealogical table prefixed to the life of Justinian I.
Justinus the historian. We possess a work entitled Justini Historiarum Philippicarum Libri XLIV., i
Justinus 2. Of JERUSALEM. In the Acta S. Anastasii Persae Martyris, of which two Latin versions are
Justinus 3. Of SICILY, bishop of one of the sees in that island in the latter part of the fifth cen
Justinus I I. I., or the elder, emperor of the East from A. D. 518-527, was of barbarian, probably Go
Justinus Ii. Ii.. the younger, emperor of the East, from A. D. 565-578, and nephew of the great Justini
Justinus, Julius Julius. the name of one of the lexicographers prefixed to the work of Suidas, but instead
Justinus Martyr Martyr (Ἰουστῖνος), ecclesiastical. 1. Surnamed the MARTYR (ὁ Μάρτυς), or the PHILOSOPHER
Justus a Jewish historian of Tiberias in Galilaea, was a contemporary of the Jewish historian Jos
Justus, Fabius Fabius. a friend of Tacitus, who addresses him in the beginning of his, treatise De Orator
Justus, Papirius Papirius. a Roman jurist, who lived in the time of the Antonines, and collected imperial c
Juturna the nymph of a well in Latium, famous for its excellent healing qualities. Its water was u
Juvenalis, Decimus Junius Decimus Junius. The small amount of direct information which we possess with regard to the
Juvenalis, St. St.. a physician at Carthage in the 4th century after Christ, who was also in priest's ord
Juvencus Vettius Aquilinus Vettius Aquilinus. one of the earliest among the Christian poets, flourished under Constan
Juventia Gens Gens. an ancient plebeian gens, which came from Tusculum (Cic. pro Planc. 8), and settled
Juventinus Albius Ovidius Albius Ovidius. the name attached to thirty-five distichs entitled Elegia de Philomela, co
Juventius 3. A comic poet, who probably lived in the middle of the second century B. C. He is referr