Academy

Biography and Mythology

I. Literary Ptolemies Literary Ptolemies (Πτολεμαῖος), literary. The celebrated astronomer and geographer of thi
Iacchus the solemn name of the mystic Bacchus at Athens and Eleusis. The Phrygian Bacchus was look
Iaeira one of the daughters of Nereus and Doris. (Hom. Il. 18.42; Hygin. Fab. Praefat.) Another p
Ialemus a similar personification to that of Linus, and hence alo called a son of Apollo and Calli
Ialmenus a son of Ares and Astyoche, and brother of Ascalaphus of the Boeotian Orchomenos. (Hom. Il
Ialysus a son of Cercaphus and Cydippe or Lysippe, and grandson of Helios. He was a brother of Lin
Iambe a Thracian woman, daughter of Pan and Echo, and a slave of Metaneira, the wife of Hippotho
Iamblichus one of the phylarchs, or petty princes of the Arab tribe of the Emesenes. (Strab. xvi. p.7
Iamblichus . 1. A Syrian who lived in the time of the emperor Trajan. He was educated at Babylon, and
Iamblichus 2. A celebrated Neo-Platonic philosopher, was born at Chalcis in Coele-Syria, and was perh
Iamblichus 3. A later Neo-Platonic philosopher of Apameia, who was a contemporary of the emperor Juli
Iambulus a Greek author, who is known for having written a work on the strange forms and figures of
Iamenus a Trojan who, together with Asius, was slain by Leonteus during the attack of the Trojans
Iamus a son of Apollo and Evadne, was initiated in the art of prophecy by his father, and was re
Ianeira the name of two mythical personages, the one a Nereid (Hom. Il. 18.47; Hes. Th. 356), and
Ianthe . 1. A daughter of Oceanus and Tethys, and one of the playmates of Persephone. (Hom. Hymn.
Iapetus a son of Uranus and Ge, a Titan and brother of Cronus, Oceanus, Coeus, Hyperion, Tethys, R
Iapis or, as Heinsius proposes to read, Iapyx, was a son of Iasus, and a favourite of Apollo, wh
Iapyx a son of Lycaon and brother of Daunius and Peucetius, who went as leaders of a colony to I
Iarbas a king and priest of the Gaetulians, in Northern Africa, and a son of Jupiter Ammon by a L
Iardanes a king of Lydia, and father of Omphale, who is hence called nympha Iardanis. (Apollod. 2.6
Iasion also called Iasius, was, according to some, a son of Zeus and Electra, the daughter of Atl
Iaso i. e. Recovery, a daughter of Asclepius or Amphiaraus, and sister of Hygieia, was worshipp
Iasus the name of a considerable number of mythical personages, which is sometimes written Iasiu
Iasus 2. A son of Argus and Evadne, a daughter of Strymon, or, according to a scholiast (ad Euri
Iasus 5. A son of Triopas, grandson of Phorbas, and brother of Agenor. This person is in reality
Iasus 6. An Arcadian, a son of Lycurgus and Cleophile or Eurynome, a brother of Ancaeus and Amph
Iatrocles a Greek writer on cookery, of uncertain age and country. Athenaeus quotes from two of his
Ibycus the fifth lyric poet in the Alexandrine canon, was a native of Rhegium. One writer calls h
Icadius a Cretan, and brother of Iapys, who guided by a dolphin (Apollo), came to Mount Parnassus,
Icarius also called Icarus and Icarion. 1. An Athenian, who lived in the reign of Pandion, and hos
Icarius 2. A Lacedaemonian, a son of Perieres and Gorgophone, a grandson of Aeolus or Cynortas, an
Icarius a son of the notary Theodorus, who, with others, was put to death by the emperor Valens at
Icarus a son of Daedalus. On his flight from Crete, his father attached to his body wings made of
Iccius 1. A noble of Rheims in Gallia Belgica, who headed a deputation of his townsmen to Caesar
Iccius 3. A friend of Horace, who addressed to him an ode (Carm. 1.29), and an epistle (Ep. 1.12)
Iccus . 1. Of Tarentum, a distinguished athlete and teacher of gymnastics. Pausanias (6.10.2) ca
Icelus the son of Somnus, and brother of Morpheus, was believed to shape the dreams which came to
Icelus, Marcianus Marcianus. a freedman of Galba, who was arrested by Nero on the first tidings of his patro
Ichnaea that is, the tracing goddess, occurs as a surname of Themis, though in her case it may hav
Ichthyas the son of Metallus, and a disciple of Euclid of Megara, is spoken of as a distinguished m
Ichthyocentaurus that is, a fish-centaur, or a particular kind of Triton. Ichthyocentauri were fabulous bei
Icilia Gens Gens. plebeian, distinguished in the early history of the republic for its resistance to t
Icilius 1. SP. ICILIUS, was one of the three envoys sent by the plebeians, after their secession t
Icilius 2. C. Icilius Ruga, is mentioned by Dionysius (6.89) as one of the first five tribunes of
Icilius 3. L. Icilius, a son of the preceding (Dionys. A. R. 11.28), is described as a man of grea
Idaea the name of several nymphs (Paus. 10.12.4: see TEUCRUS, PHINEUS); but it occurs also as a
Idaeus . 1. A son of Dardanus and Chryse, and brother of Deimas, went with his father from Pelopo
Idaeus 6. The name Idaeus also occurs as a surname of Zeus (Hom. Il. 16.605), and of Heracles, as
Idaeus a painter in the train of Agesilaus in Asia Minor, about B. C. 396. (Xen. Hell. 4.1.39.) P
Idalia a surname of Aphrodite, derived from the town of Idalion in Cyprus. (Verg. A. 1.680, 692,
Idanthyrsus . 1. A king of the Scythians, under whom, according to Strabo, they overran Asia, and adva
Idanthyrsus 2. Another king of the Scythians, probably a descendant of the above. He was a son of Saul
Idas 4. A son of Aphareus and Arene, the daughter of Oebalus, whence he and his brother Lynceus
Idas 5. Two mythical heroes distinguished in the war against Thebes, the one of Onchestus, and
Idatius IDA'CIUS, or ITHA'CIUS, not to mention sundry other variations of the MSS., a native of Li
Ide . 1. A daughter of Melissus and Amaltheia, and sister of Adrasteia, one of the Idaean nymp
Idmon a son of Apollo and Asteria, the daughter of Coronus (Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. 1.139), or,
Idomeneus a son of Deucalion, and grandson of Minos and Pasiphae; and hence he traced his pedigree t
Idomeneus of Lampsacus, a friend and disciple of Epicurus, flourished about B. C. 310-270. We have n
Idrieus or HI'DRIEUS (Ἰδριεύς, Diod.; Ἱδριεύς, Strab. Arr.), king or dynast of Caria. He was the s
Idyia or EIDYIA, that is, the knowing goddess, a daughter of Oceanus and Tethys, and the wife of
Ignatius . 1. Of ANTIOCH, one of the Apostolical Fathers; called also THEOPHORUS, or DEIFER (ὁ Θεοφ
Ignatius 2. Of CONSTANTINOPLE, where he was deacon and sceuophylax, or keeper of the sacred vessels
Ignatius 3. Of CONSTANTINOPLE, competitor with Photius for the patriarchate in the ninth century. H
Ignatius 12. Of SELVBRIA. There is (or was) in the Library of St. Mark in Venice, among the Greek M
Ignatius 13. Of XANTHOPULI, a monasteryapparently at or near Constantinople, was the friend of Call
Ignatius ICONOMACHUS ICONOMACHUS. 6. ICONOMACHUS. An Ignatius, contemporary of Theodore Studita lived in the la
Ignatius MONACHUS MONACHUS. 9. MONACHUS. Among the MSS. of the Rev. George Wheeler, formerly canon of Durham
II. Philosophers and Sophists named Ptolemy Philosophers and Sophists named Ptolemy. Ptolemaeus. 3. 4. Of Alexandria, two disciples of
III. Grammarians named Ptolemy Grammarians named Ptolemy. Ptolemaeus. 9. Of Alexandria, surnamed Pindarion, was the son o
Ilaeira a daughter of Leucippus and Philodice, and a sister of Phoebe, together with whom she is o
Iliona a daughter of Priam and Hecabe, is not mentioned by the earlier poets and mythographers, b
Ilioneus . 1. A son of Amphion and Niobe, whom Apollo would have liked to save, because he was pray
Illus a leading personage in the troubled reign of the Byzantine emperor Zeno, who reigned A. D.
Illyrius a son of Cadmus and Harmonia, who was born at the time when Cadmus assisted the Encheleans
Ilus . 1. A son of Dardanus by Bateia, the daughter of Teucer. Ilus died without issue, and lef
Ilus 2. A son of Tros, and grandson of Erichthonius. His mother was Calirrhoe, and being a grea
Ilus 3. A son of Mermerus, and grandson of Jason and Medeia. He lived at Ephyra, between Elis a
Imbraia a surname of Artemis (Callim. Hymn. in Dian. 228), and of Hera, was derived front the rive
Imbramus a surname of Hermes (Eustath. ad Dionys. Per. 524; Steph. Byz. s. v. Ἰμβρος), in which Wel
Imbrasus is, according to Eustathius (Eustath. ad Hom. p. 985), identical with Imbramus, the surnam
Imbrex, C. Licinius C. Licinius. an ancient Latin comic poet, quoted by Gellius and Festus, of whose plays onl
Imbrius a son of Mentor, and husband of Mendesicaste, a daughter of Priam, was slain by Teucer in
Imperator a surname of Jupiter at Praeneste. After the conquest of that town in B. C. 376, T. Quinct
Imperiosus a surname of three members of the Manlia gens,--L. Manlius Capitolinus Imperiosus, dictato
Inachia, Inachis, Inachione Inachis, Inachione. Ἰναχείη, (Ἰναχιώνη), frequently occur as surnames of Io, the daughter
Inachus a river god and king of Argos, is described as a son of Oceanus and Tethys. By a Melian ny
Inaros Ἰνάρως, (occasionally Ἴναρος), son of Psammitichus, a chief of some of the Libyan tribes t
Index the indicater or denouncer, is a translation of Μηνυτής, a surname of Heracles. Once, the
Indibilis Ἀνδοβάλης, (Polyb.; Ἰνδίβιλις, Appian), a king or chief of the Spanish tribe of the Ilerge
Indiges plur. INDI'GETES, the name by which indigenous gods and heroes were invoked at Rome, that
Indutiomarus or INDUCIOMA'RUS. 1. A distinguished chief of the Allobroges, was the most important witne
Indutiomarus 2. One of the leading chiefs of the Treviri (Trèues, Trier), and the head of the independe
Inferi signifies the gods of the lower world, in contradistinction from those of heaven, or from
Ingenuus one of the thirty tyrants enumerated by Trebellius Pollio [see AUREOLUS], was governor of
Inguiomerus brother of Sigimer and uncle of Arminius the Cheruscan [ARMINIUS]. Inguiomerus had been th
Innocentius was bishop of Rome from the commencement of A. D. 402 until his death on the 12th of March
Innocentius a Roman jurist, who lived in the reign of Constantine the Great, and under his sons Consta
Ino a daughter of Cadmus and Harmonia, and the wife of Athamas, who married her in addition to
Intaphernes one of the seven conspirators against the two Magi, who usurped the Persian throne upon th
Intonsus i. e. unshorn, a surname of Apollo and Bacchus, alluding to the eternal youth of these god
Invidia the personification of envy, is described as a daughter of the giant Pallas and Styx. (Hyg
Io . The traditions about this heroine are so manifold, that it is impossible to give any gon
Io 1. Local traditions. --The place to which the legends of lo belong, and where she was clos
Io 2. The wanderings of Io. --The idea of Io having wandered about after her metamorphosis ap
Iocastus a son of Aeolis, king on the coast of Italy in the district of Rhegium. (Diod. 5.8; Tzetz.
Iodameia a priestess of Athena Itonia, who once, as she entered the sanctuary of the goddess by nig
Iolaus a son of Iphicles and Automedusa, and consequently a relation of Heracles, whose faithful
Iole the last beloved of Heracles, and a daughter of Eurytus of Oechalia. [HERACLES.] According
Iollas or IOLAUS (Ἰόλας or Ἰόλλας), son of Antipater, and brother of Cassander, king of Macedonia
Iollas, Iolaus Iolaus. or IOLAS (Ἰόλλας, Ἰόλαος, or Ἰόλας), a writer on materia medica, born in Bithynia,
Ion the fabulous ancestor of the Ionians, is described as a son of Apollo by Creusa, the daugh
Ion of Thessalonica, was an officer of Perseus, king of Macedonia, and commanded, with Timanor
Ion . 1. Of Chios, was one of the five Athenian tragic poets of the canon, and also a composer
Ion 2. Ion, of Ephesus, a rhapsodist in the time of Socrates, from whom one of Plato's dialogu
Ionicus a physician of Sardis in Lydia, whose father had also followed the same profession with cr
Ionides a name borne by four nymphs believed to possess healing powers. They had a temple on the r
Iope a daughter of Aeolus and wife of Cepheus, from whom the town of Joppa derived its name. (S
Iophon . 1. The legitimate son of Sophocles, by Nicostrate, was a distinguished tragic poet. He b
Iophon 2. Of Gnossus, a composer of oracles in hexameter verse, quoted by Pausanias as preserving
Iotape . 1. A daughter of Artavasdes, king of Media, was married to Alexander, the son of Antony,
Iotape 2. Wife of Antiochus IV., King of Commagene, [ANTIOCHUS, p. 194.] In the annexed coin she
Iotapianus We are told by Zosimus that a rebellion having broken out in Syria, in consequence of the
Ioxus a son of Melanippus, and grandson of Theseus and Perigune, is said to have led a colony in
Iphianassa the name of four mythical personages: the first was a daughter of Proetus by Anteia or Sth
Iphias i. e. a daughter of Iphis, a name applied to Evadne, the wife of Capaneus. (Ov. Ep. ex Pon
Iphicianus a physician, who is mentioned four times by Galen, and whose name is in each passage spelt
Iphicles or IPHICLUS (Ἰφικλῆς, Ἴφικλος, or Ἰφικλεύς). 1. A son of Amphitryon and Alcmene of Thebes,
Iphicles 2. A son of Thestius by Laophonte or Deidameia, and, according to others, by Eurythemis or
Iphicles 3. A son of Phylacus, and grandson of Deion and Clymene, or, according to others, a son of
Iphicrates the famous Athenian general, was the son of a shoemaker, whose name seems to have been Tim
Iphicrates a son of the above, was one of the ambassadors sent from Greece to Dareius Codomannus. Wit
Iphidamas . 1. A son of Busiris, whom Heracles ordered to be put to death together with his father.
Iphidamas 2. A Trojan hero, a son of Antenor and Theano, the daughter of Cisseus. He was a brother o
Iphigeneia according to the most common tradition, a daughter of Agamemnon and Clytaemnestra (Hyg. Fa
Iphimedeia or IPHI'MEDE (Ἰφιμέδεια, Ἰφιμέδη), a daughter of Triops, and the wife of Aloeus. Being in
Iphinoe 4. A daughter of Alcathous, who died a virgin. The women of Megara previous to their marri
Iphion of Corinth, a painter, who is only known by two epigrams, which are ascribed, on doubtful
Iphis . 1. A son of Alector, and a descendant of Megapenthes, tlle son of Proetus. He was king o
Iphis 2. A son of Sthenelus, and brother of Eurystheus, was one of the Argonauts who fell in the
Iphis 3. A daughter of Ligdus and Telethusa, of Phaestus in Crete. She was brought up as a boy,
Iphitus . 1. A son of Eurytus of Oechalia, is mentioned among the Argonauts, but was killed by Her
Iphitus 2. A son of Naubolus, and father of Schedius, Epistrophus, and Eurynome, in Phocis, was li
Iphitus 3. A son of Haemon, Praxonides, or Iphitus. At the command of the Delphic oracle, he resto
Iphthime 2. A daughter of Icarius, and sister of Penelope. Athena assumed the appearance of Iphthim
Irenaeus . 1. St., bishop of Lyon, in Gaul, during the latter part of the second century after Chri
Irenaeus 2. Bishop of Tyre, but previously a count of the empire, was the representative of the emp
Irenaeus 3. An Alexandrian grammarian, known also by the Latin name of Minucius Pacatus, was the pu
Irenaeus 4. Referendarius, the author of three amatory epigrams in the Greek Anthology, from a comp
Irene empress of Constantinople (A. D. 797-802), one of the most extraordinary women in Byzantin
Irene the daughter and pupil of the painter Cratinus, painted a picture of a girl, which Pliny s
Irimigenia a surname of Fortuna, under which she had a celebrated sanctuary at Praeneste, and at Rome
Iris a daughter of Thaumas (whence she is called Thaumantias, Verg. A. 9.5) and Electra, and si
Irus . 1. A son of Actor, and father of Eurydamas and Eurytion. He propitiated Peleus for the m
Irus 2. The well-known beggar of Ithaca, who was celebrated for his voracity. His real name was
Isaac Tzetzes Tzetzes. 2. ISAAC (Ἰσυάκιος Τζέτζης), brother of the preceding. Works Commentary on the Ca
Isaacus 3. Of ARMENIA, catholicus or patriarch of Armenia Magna, lived in the middle of the twelft
Isaacus 5. Surnamed SYRUS, because he was a native of Syria, was first monk and afterwards priest
Isaacus 6. Surnamed SYRUS, lived in the middle of the sixth century, and was bishop of Niniveh, bu
Isaacus I. or Isaac Comnenus I. or Isaac Comnenus (Ἰσαάκιος ὁ Κομνηνός), emperor of Constantinople (A. D. 1057-1059), a
Isaacus Ii., Angelus> Ii., Angelus> (Ἰσαάκιος ὁ Ἄγγελος), emperor of Constantinople (A. D. 1185 --1195), was the
Isaeus . 1. One of the ten Attic orators, whose orations were contained in the Alexandrian canon.
Isaeus 2. A sophist and rhetorician, was a native of Assyria. In his youth he gave himself up to
Isagoras an Athenian, son of Tisander. Herodotus says that his family was one of note: of its remot
Isander a son of Bellerophon, killed by Ares in the fight with the Solymi. (Hom. Il. 6.197; Strab.
Iscanus, Josephus Josephus. Works A Latin Poem on the Trojan War the author of a Latin poem on the Trojan wa
Ischagoras commanded the reinforcements sent by Sparta in the ninth year of the Peloponnesian war, B.
Ischander an obscure Athenian tragic poet, in whose plays Aeschines is said to have acted. (AESCHINE
Ischenus also called Taraxippus, from the hores becoming shy on his tomb, is said to have allowed h
Ischolaus or I'SCHOLAS (Ἰσχόλαος, Ἰσχόλας), a Spartan, who, when the Peloponnesus was invaded by the
Ischomachus an Athenian, whose fortune, according to Lysias, was supposed during his life to amount to
Ischys a son of Elatus, and the beloved of Coronis at the time when she was with child (Asclepius
Iseas tyrant of Ceryneia in Achaia, at the period of the first rise of the Achaean league. Alarm
Isidorus . 1. Of AEGAE, an epigrammatic poet, five of whose epigrams are contained in the Greek Ant
Isidorus one of the professors of law to whom the constitutio Omnem, de Conceptione Digestorum was
Isidorus artists. 1. A sculptor, of uncertain time and country, known by his statue of Hercules at
Isidorus 2. A son of BASILIDES, the Gnostic heretic, wrote a work, περὶ προσφυοῦς ψυχῆς, which only
Isidorus 3. Of CHARAX, a geographical writer, who seems to have lived under the early Roman emperor
Isidorus 5. Of GAZA, a Neo-Platonic philosopher, the friend of Proclus and Marinus, whom he succeed
Isidorus 6. Of PELUSIUM, a Christian exegetical writer, at the end of the fourth and the beginning
Isidorus 7. Of PERGAMUS, a rhetorician, of whom nothing more is known than the mention of him by Di
Isidorus 9. Metropolitan of THESSALONICA, about A. D. 1401. Works Homilies on the Virgin Mary He wa
Isidorus We read of three Spanish ecclesiastics who bore this name, and who must be carefully disti
Isidorus SCHOLASTICUS SCHOLASTICUS. 8. SCHOLASTICUS, of the town of Bolbotine, in the Delta of Egypt, the author
Isigonus a Greek writer, who, according to Stephanus Byzantinus (s. v. Νικαία), was a native of Nic
Isigonus a Greek statuary, was one of the artists who represented the battles of Attalus and Eumene
Isis one of the principal Egyptian divinities. The ideas entertained about her and her worship
Ismarus a son of Eumolpus, is said to have fled with his father from Aethiopia to Thrace, and from
Ismene . 1. A daughter of Asopus and Metope, and wife of Argus, by whom she became the mother of
Ismene 2. A daughter of Oedipus by Jocaste, or, according to others, by Eurygeneia. (Apollod. 3.5
Ismenias a Theban, of the party adverse to Rome and friendly to Macedonia. When he was chosen Boeot
Ismenias a painter of Chalcis, who painted the pedigree of the Athenian orator Lycurgus on a tablet
Ismenius . 1. A son of Apollo and Melia, who is said to have given his name to the Boeotian river w
Ismenius 2. A surname of Apollo at Thebes, who had a temple on the river Ismenus. (Paus. 2.10.4, 4.
Ismenus a son of Asopus and Metope, from whom the Boeotian river Ladon was believed to have derive
Isocrates . 1. A celebrated Attic orator and rhetorician, was the son of Theodorus, and born at Athe
Isocrates 2. Of Apollonia, a disciple of Isocrates of Athens (No. 1), with whom he has often been co
Isodaetes from δαίω, i. e. the god who distributes his gifts equally to all, occurs as a surname of
Isodetes from δέω, the god who binds all equally, is used as a surname of Pluto, to express his imp
Issa a daughter of Macareus in Lesbos, and the beloved of Apollo, from whom the Lesbian town of
Issoria a surname of the Laconian Artemis, derived from Mount Issorion, on which she had a sanctua
Ister or ISTRUS. 1. A Greek historian, who is sometimes called a native of Cyrene, sometimes of
Ister 2. A Greek grammarian of Calatis, on the Euxine, is mentioned only by Stephanus Byzantinus
Isthmius i. e. the god worshipped on the Isthmus (of Corinth), a surname of Poseidon, in honour of
Istom Achus Achus (Ἰστόμαχος), the author of a work entitled Ἱπποκράτους αἵρεσις, that is, the school
Italicus one of the two kings of the Suevians who in A. D. 70 joined the party of Vespasian and fou
Italus an ancient king of the Pelasgians, Siculians, or Oenotrians, from whom Italy was believed
Ithacus a son of Pterelaus, a hero from whom Ithaca was believed to have derived its name. (Hom. O
Ithomatas a surname of Zeus derived from the Messenian hill of Ithome, where the god had a sanctuary
Ithome a nymph from whom the Messenian hill of Ithome derived its name. According to a Messenian
Itonia, Itonias Itonias. or ITO'NIS (Ἰτωνία, Ἰτωνιάς, or Ἰτωνίς), a surname of Athena, derived from the to
Itonus . 1. A son of Amphictyon, and husband of the nymph Melanippe, by whom he became the father
Iturius a client of Junia Silana [SILANA], whom, with a fellow-client [CALVISIUS, p. 586], she emp
Iupiter or Iupiter Conciliatrix or Iupiter Conciliatrix. or perhaps more correctly, Iuppiter, a contraction of Diovis pate
Ixion a son of Phlegyas (Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. 3.62; comp. Strab. x. p.442, who calls him a b
Ixionides a patronymic, applied by Ovid (Ov. Met. 8.566) to Peirithous, the son of Ixion; but the pl
Ixius a surname of Apollo, derived from a district of the island of Rhodes which was called Ixia
Iynx a daughter of Peitho and Pan, or of Echo. She endeavoured to charm Zeus, or make him, by m