verbthird conjugation
abdō
abdō (present infinitive abdere, perfect active abdidī, supine abditum)
Classical[ˈab.doː]Ecclesiastical[ˈab.do]
abditus perf. pass. ptcp.
Meaning
- to hide, conceal, keep secret, cover, suppress, sheathe
[…]; quamquam de gloria vix dicere ausim, si nos et hostes haud secus quam feminas abditos intra vallum omnibus contumeliis eludunt, et […]
[…] ; though I had as lief not to speak of glory, when the enemy jeers us with much abuse as if women concealing behind walls, and […]27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 7.13 - to remove, put away, set aside; banish
- oftento betake oneself, go away, go and hide
Eos impeditos et inopinantes adgressus magnam partem eorum concidit; reliqui sese fugae mandarunt atque in proximas silvas abdiderunt.
Attacking them encumbered with baggage, and not expecting him, he cut to pieces a great part of them; the rest betook themselves to flight, and concealed themselves in the nearest woods.c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de bello Gallico 1.12
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
cēlō, tegō nē videāturabdō -ere — in Metamorphoses I, ch. 16
hidden
abditus -a -um — in De Bello Gallico III
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Celare · Occulere · Occultare · Clam · Abdere · Condere · Abscondere · Recondere
1. Celare has an abstract or intellectual reference to its object, like κεύθειν, in opp. to fateri, and so forth; synonymously with reticere, Liv. xxiv. 5. Curt. vi. 9; whereas occulere, occultare, have a concrete and material reference to their object, like κρύπτειν, in opp. to aperire, synonymously with obtegere; Cic. Acad. iv. 19. N. D. ii. 20. Fin. i. 9, 30. Att. v. 15: the celanda remain secret, unless they happen to be discovered; but the occultanda would be exposed to sight, unless particular circumspection and precaution were used. 2. In the same manner clam and clanculum denote secretly, in opp. to palam, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8; whereas occulte, in opp. to aperte, Cic. Rull. i. 1. 3. Occulere denotes any concealment; occultare, a careful or very anxious concealment, and on this account finds no place in negative propositions, or as seldom, for example, as redolere. 4. Occultare means to prevent anything being seen, by keeping it covered; whereas abdere, condere, and abscondere, by removing the thing itself; abdere (ἀποθεῖναι) by laying it aside, and putting it away, like ἀποκρύπτειν; condere (καταθεῖναι), by depositing it in a proper place of safety, like κατακρύπτειν; recondere, by hiding it carefully and thoroughly; abscondere, by putting it away, and preserving it. (iv. 45.)
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | abdō | abdēbam | abdam | abdidī | abdideram | abdiderō |
| 2nd sg. | abdis | abdēbās | abdēs | abdidistī | abdiderās | abdideris |
| 3rd sg. | abdit | abdēbat | abdet | abdidit | abdiderat | abdiderit |
| 1st pl. | abdimus | abdēbāmus | abdēmus | abdidimus | abdiderāmus | abdiderimus |
| 2nd pl. | abditis | abdēbātis | abdētis | abdidistis | abdiderātis | abdideritis |
| 3rd pl. | abdunt | abdēbant | abdent | abdidērunt abdidēre | abdiderant | abdiderint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | abdam | abderem | abdiderim | abdidissem |
| 2nd sg. | abdās | abderēs | abdiderīs | abdidissēs |
| 3rd sg. | abdat | abderet | abdiderit | abdidisset |
| 1st pl. | abdāmus | abderēmus | abdiderīmus | abdidissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | abdātis | abderētis | abdiderītis | abdidissētis |
| 3rd pl. | abdant | abderent | abdiderint | abdidissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | abdor | abdēbar | abdar |
| 2nd sg. | abderis abdere | abdēbāris abdēbāre | abdēris abdēre |
| 3rd sg. | abditur | abdēbātur | abdētur |
| 1st pl. | abdimur | abdēbāmur | abdēmur |
| 2nd pl. | abdiminī | abdēbāminī | abdēminī |
| 3rd pl. | abduntur | abdēbantur | abdentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | abdar | abderer |
| 2nd sg. | abdāris abdāre | abderēris abderēre |
| 3rd sg. | abdātur | abderētur |
| 1st pl. | abdāmur | abderēmur |
| 2nd pl. | abdāminī | abderēminī |
| 3rd pl. | abdantur | abderentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | abde | abdere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | abdite | abdiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | abditō | abditor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | abditō | abditor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | abditōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | abduntō | abduntor |
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | abdere | abdī |
| perfect infinitive | abdidisse | abditum esse |
| future infinitive | abditūrum esse | abditum īrī |
| present participle | abdēns abdente, abdentem, abdentēs, abdentī, abdentia, abdentibus, abdentis, abdentīs, abdentium | — |
| perfect participle | — | abditus abdita, abditā, abditae, abditam, abditārum, abditās, abditī, abditōrum, abditōs |
| future participle | abditūrus abditūra, abditūrā, abditūrae, abditūram, abditūrārum, abditūrās, abditūre, abditūrī, abditūrīs, abditūrō, abditūrōrum, abditūrōs, abditūrum | abdendus abdundus, abdenda, abdendā, abdendae, abdendam, abdendārum, abdendās, abdende, abdendīs, abdendōrum, abdendōs, abdunda, abdundā, abdundae, abdundam, abdundārum, abdundās, abdunde, abdundī, abdundīs, abdundō, abdundōrum, abdundōs, abdundum |
gerundabdendī, abdendō, abdendumsupineabditum, abditū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- se abdere in bibliothecam suam
- to bury oneself in one's library.
- se totum in litteras or se litteris abdere
- to be quite engrossed in literary studies.
ab-do, ĭdi, ĭtum, 3, v. a. 2. do.
I. Lit., to put away, remove: and abdere se, to go away, betake one's self to some place:
ex conspectu eri sui se abdiderunt, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 5: pedestres copias paulum ab eo loco abditas in locis superioribus constituunt, removed, withdrawn, Caes. B. G. 7, 79, 2; so with ab: ascensu abdito a conspectu, Liv. 10, 14, 14: procul ardentes hinc precor abde faces, remove, Tib. 2, 1, 82.—The terminus ad quem is usually expressed by in with acc.: abdidit se in intimam Macedoniam quo potuit longissime a castris, Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 4; so, se in contrariam partem terrarum, id. Mur. 41, 89: se in classem, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9, 2: se in Menapios, to depart, Caes. B. G. 6, 5, 5: In silvam Arduennam, id. ib. 5, 3, 4: exercitum in interiora, to uithdraw, Vell. 2, 110, 3: ea in insulam Seriphon abdita est (=ex humanā societate quasi expulsa), banished, exiled, Tac. A. 2, 85: se in bibliothecam, i. e. to retire to, Cic. Fam. 7, 28; cf.: se totum in litteras, id. ib. 7, 33, 2.—Rarely with other prepositions or with local adv.: Audisne haec, Amphiaraë, sub terram abdite? Poët. (Att.?) ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 25, 60; so with sub, Lucr. 4, 419: se rus, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 99: se domum, Cic. Pis. 38, 92: se Arpinum, id. Att. 9, 6, 1.II. Transf., to hide, conceal, keep secret, etc. (syn.: occulto, recondo); constr. aliquid, without or with in and abl., with other prepositions, with abl. only, or dat., with a localadv.
(a). Aliquid:
quae partes corporis ... aspectum essent deformem habiturae, eas contexit atque abdidit (natura), Cic. Off. 1, 35, 126: amici tabellas, id. Pis. 17, 39: lacrimas, operire luctum, Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 6: abduntur (delphini) occultanturque incognito more, Plin. H. N. 9, 8, 7, § 22; cf.: occultare et abdere pavorem, Tac. H. 1, 88: pugnare cupiebant, sed retro revocanda et abdenda cupiditas erat, Liv. 2, 45, 7; so, sensus suos penitus, Tac. A. 1, 11: aliquid dissimulata offensione, id. ib. 3, 64. — (b). With in and abl.:
cum se ille fugiens in scalarum tenebris abdidisset, Cic. Mil. 15, 40; cf.: qui dispersos homines in agris et in tectis silvestribus abditos ... compulit unum in locum, id. Inr. 1, 2, 2: abditi in tabernaculis, Caes. B. G. 1, 39, 4; cf.: in silvis, id. ib. 9, 19, 6: penitus qui in ferrost abditus aër, Lucr. 6, 1037 al.—(g). With other prepp.:
cultrum, quem sub veste abditum habebat, Liv. 1, 58 fin.; cf. Ov. M. 10, 715: ferrum carvo tenus hamo, id. ib. 4, 719.—(ὀ) With abl.: caput cristatā casside, Ov. M. 8, 25: corpus corneā domo, Phaedr. 2, 6, 5: gladium sinu, Tac. A. 5, 7: latet abditus agro, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 5: hunc (equum) abde domo, Verg. G. 3, 96: ita se litteris abdiderunt, at, etc., Cic. Arch. 6, 12; v. Halm ad h. l.—(ε) With dat. (poet.): lateri capulo tenus abdidit ensem, he baried, Verg. A. 2, 553.—(ζ) With local adv.: corpus humi, Flor. 4, 12, 38.—Hence. abditus, a, um, P. a., hidden, concealed, secreted, secret (syn.: reconditus, abscontlitus, occultus, retrusus): sub terram abditi, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 25, 60: vis abdita quaedum, Lucr. 5, 1233: res occultae et penitus abditae, Cic. N. D. 1, 19: sunt innumerabiles de his rebus libri neque abditi neque obscuri, id. de Or. 2, 20, 84: haec esse penitus in mediā philosophiā; retrusa atque abdita, id. ib. 1, 19, 87 al.: oppida, remote, Cod. Th. 15, 1, 14. —Comp. abditior, Aug. Conf. 5, 5; 10, 10. —Sup. abditissimus, Aug. Enchir. c. 16. —II. In the neutr.: abdĭtum, i, subst.:
terrai abdita, Lucr. 6, 809; so, abdita rerum (=abditae res), Hor. A.P. 49: in abdito coire, in concealment, secretly, Plin. 8, 5, 5, § 13. —Adv.: abdĭtē secretly: latuisse, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 73, § 181; Ambros. Job et Dav. 1, 9, 29.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
ab-dō idī, itus, ere
2. do, to put away, remove, set aside: impedimenta in silvas, Cs.; often with se, to go away, betake oneself: se in contrariam partem terrarum: se in Menapios, to depart, Cs.: se domum. — Praegn., to hide, conceal, put out of sight, keep secret: amici tabellas: pugnare cupiebant, sed abdenda cupiditas erat, L.: sese in silvas, Cs.: se in tenebris: ferrum in armo, O.: alqm intra tegimenta, Cs.: abdito intra vestem ferro, L.: ferrum curvo tenus hamo, up to the barb, O.: argentum Abditum terris, H.: caput casside, to cover with, O.: voltūs frondibus, O.: hunc (equum) abde domo, let him rest, V.: se litteris: lateri ensem, buried, V.: sensūs suos penitus, Ta.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*h₂ep
- Proto-Indo-European*h₂epó
- Proto-Italic*ap
- Latinabdō
Latin ab- Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- Proto-Indo-European *dʰéh₁tder. Proto-Italic *-ðō Latin -dō Latin abdō From ab- (“away”) + -dō (“put”).
In English words that came into English from abdō
- abditoryabditorium
- abditiveabditīvus