verbthird conjugation, no passive, no supine stem
senēscō
senēscō (present infinitive senēscere, perfect active senuī)
Classical[sɛˈneːs.koː]Ecclesiastical[seˈnɛs.ko]
Meaning
- to become aged, grow old, age
- broadlyto decay or diminish in strength, grow weak, weaken; waste away, wane, decline, dwindle
- figurativelyto grow old or gray in an occupation (i. e. linger too long.)
- to waste away, fall off, wane, decline
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
(lūna) minor fīōsenēscō -ere — in IVLIANVS II: Imperium, ch. 14
vetus fīō, langueōsenēscō -ere — in IVLIANVS III: Persia, ch. 14, 24
Conjugation conjugation 3 no-supine
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | senēscō | senēscēbam | senēscam | senuī | senueram | senuerō |
| 2nd sg. | senēscis | senēscēbās | senēscēs | senuistī | senuerās | senueris |
| 3rd sg. | senēscit | senēscēbat | senēscet | senuit | senuerat | senuerit |
| 1st pl. | senēscimus | senēscēbāmus | senēscēmus | senuimus | senuerāmus | senuerimus |
| 2nd pl. | senēscitis | senēscēbātis | senēscētis | senuistis | senuerātis | senueritis |
| 3rd pl. | senēscunt | senēscēbant | senēscent | senuērunt senuēre | senuerant | senuerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | senēscam | senēscerem | senuerim | senuissem |
| 2nd sg. | senēscās | senēscerēs | senuerīs | senuissēs |
| 3rd sg. | senēscat | senēsceret | senuerit | senuisset |
| 1st pl. | senēscāmus | senēscerēmus | senuerīmus | senuissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | senēscātis | senēscerētis | senuerītis | senuissētis |
| 3rd pl. | senēscant | senēscerent | senuerint | senuissent |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | senēsce | — |
| pres. 2nd pl. | senēscite | — |
| fut. 2nd sg. | senēscitō | — |
| fut. 3rd sg. | senēscitō | — |
| fut. 2nd pl. | senēscitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | senēscuntō | — |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | senēscere | — |
| perfect infinitive | senuisse | — |
| present participle | senēscēns | — |
gerundsenēscendī, senēscendō, senēscendum
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- luna crescit; decrescit, senescit
- the moon waxes, wanes.
sĕnesco, nŭi, 3 (
I. gerundive:
senescendi homines, Varr. L. L. 6, § 11 Müll. N. cr.), v. inch. n. [seneo], to grow old, become aged; to grow hoary. I. Lit. (rare):
ita sensim aetas senescit, Cic. Sen. 11, 38; cf.: tempora labuntur tacitisque senescimus annis, Ov. F. 6, 771: senescente jam Graeciā, Cic. Rep. 1, 37, 58: solve senescentem mature equum, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8: arbores senescunt, Plin. 16, 27, 50, § 116: Solon significat se cottidie aliquid addiscentem senescere. Val. Max. 8, 7, 14.—In perf.: avus (Augusti) tranquillissime senuit, Suet. Aug. 2: ego senui et progressioris aetatis sum, Vulg. Josne, 23, 2.—In gerundive: longissimum spatium senescendorum hominum id (seclum) putarant, Varr. L. L. 6, § 11 Müll. N. cr.—II. Transf.
A. For the usual consenescere, to grow old or gray in an occupation, etc., i. e. to linger too long over it:
inani circa voces studio senescunt, Quint. 8 prooem. § 8.—B. (Causa pro effectu.) To decay or diminish in strength; to grow weak, feeble, or powerless; to waste away, fall off, wane, decline, etc. (the prevailing signif. of the word in prose and poetry; cf. consenesco; while inveterasco is to grow better by age).
1. Of living subjects (a favorite expression of Livy;
perh. not in Cic., but cf. consenesco, II. 2.): Hannibalem jam et famā senescere et viribus, Liv. 29, 3 fin.; cf. of the same, id. 22, 39: otio senescere, id. 25, 7: non esse cum aegro senescendum, id. 21, 53: dis hominibusque accusandis senescere, to pine away, id. 5, 43 Drak.; cf.: amore senescit habendi, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 85: socordiā, Tac. A. 1, 9; Val. Max. 8, 13, 7: ne (agni) desiderio senescant, Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 17.— Of doves, Col. 8, 8, 4: quod antiquatur et senescit prope interitum est, Vulg. Heb. 8, 13.—2. Of things:
quaedam faciunda in agris potius crescente lunā quam senescente, in the waning of the moon, Varr. R. R. 1, 37, 1; so, luna (opp. crescens), Cic. N. D. 2, 37, 95; Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 42: arbores hiemali tempore cum lunā simul senescentes, Cic. Div. 2, 14, 33: nunc pleno orbe, nunc senescente (al. senescentem) exiguo cornu fulgere lunam, Liv. 44, 37: continuā messe senescit ager, becomes exhausted, worn out, Ov. A. A. 3, 82: prata, Plin. 18, 28, 67, § 259: uniones, i. e. grow pale or dim, id. 9, 35, 56, § 115; cf. smaragdi, id. 37, 5, 18, § 70: caseus in salem, grows salt with age, id. 11, 42, 97, § 242: coma, falls out, Domit. ap. Suet. Dom. 18 fin.: monumenta virūm, decay (with delapsa), Lucr. 5, 312 et saep.: mensis senescens, drawing to an end, closing, Varr. L. L. 6, § 10 Müll.; so, hiems, Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 49.—Of abstr. things: oratorum laus senescit, Cic. Tusc. 2, 2, 5; cf.: ut laus senescens, id. de Or. 2, 2, 7: senescere civitatem otio, Liv. 1, 22, 2: omnia orta occidunt et aucta senescunt, Sall. J. 2, 3; cf. Fabri ad Sall. C. 20, 10; so, somnia, Sall. J. 35, 3: vires, id. H. Fragm. 3, 22, p. 235 Gerl.; Liv. 9, 27: Hannibalis vis, id. 25, 16: bellum, id. 28, 36; 30, 19: pugna, id. 5, 21: fama, id. 27, 20; Tac. H. 2, 24; cf. rumores, id. A. 2, 77: consilia, Liv. 35, 12: vitia (opp. maturescente virtute), id. 3, 12: invidia, id. 29, 22: fortuna (opp. florere), Vell. 2, 11, 3: amor, Ov. A. A. 3, 594.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
senēscō nuī, —, ere, inch.
seneo, to grow old, become aged, grow hoary : aetas senescit: tacitis senescimus annis, O.: Solve senescentem mature equum, H.— To decay, lose strength, grow weak, be enfeebled, waste away, decline : famā et viribus, L.: non esse cum aegro senescendum, L.: dis hominibusque accusandis senescere, pine away , L.: amore habendi, H.— To waste, wane, decline, fall off, be diminished, be impaired : luna (opp. crescens), waning : arbores cum lunā senescentes: continuā messe senescit ager, is worn out , O.: hiemps senescens, closing : omnia orta occidunt et aucta sanescunt, S.: alcuius vis, L.: consilia, L.: amor, O.
Origins
Proto-Indo-European *sénosder. Proto-Italic *senos Proto-Italic *seneks Latin senex Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti Proto-Italic *-ējō Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ēō Latin -eō Latin seneō Proto-Indo-European *-sḱéti Proto-Italic *-skō Latin -scō Latin senēscō From seneō (“to be old”) + -scō.
In English words that came into English from senēscō
- senescentsenescens
- senescesenēscō