satur

I. full of food, sated, that has eaten enough (class.).

I. Lit.: ubi satur sum (opp. quando esurio), Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 27; so (opp. esurientes) id. Poen. prol. 6 sq.: sopor quem satur aut lassus capias, Lucr. 4, 957: esurientibus pullis res geri poterit; saturis nihil geretur, Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77: postquam isti a mensā surgunt saturi, poti, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 62: cum tu satura atque ebria eris, puer ut satur sit facito, Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 3; so (with ebrius and crudus), Quint. 11, 3, 27: et exacto contentus tempore vita Cedat, uti conviva satur, Hor. S. 1, 1, 119: capellae, Verg. E. 10, 77: colonus, Tib. 2, 1, 23: histrio, Mart. 12, 79, 1.—Humorously, of a pregnant woman, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 35.—

(b). With abl.: qui non edistis, saturi fite fabulis, Plaut. Poen. prol. 8: quadrupedes suco ambrosiae, Ov. M. 2, 120: nepos anseris extis, Pers. 6, 71.—

(g). With gen.: postquam intus sum omnium rerum satur, Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 3; so, rerum (with plenus), Lucr. 3, 960: altilium, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 35.—Comp.: agnus saturior lactis, Col. 7, 4, 3.—

B. Transf., of things (poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

1. Of color, full, deep, strong, rich: color, Plin. 37, 10, 61, § 170: vellera saturo fucata colore, Verg. G. 4, 335: (purpura) quo melior saturiorque est, Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 12: vestes Tyrio saturae ostro, richly dyed, Sen. Thyest. 956.—

2. In gen., well filled, full; rich, abundant, fertile: praesepia, Verg. G. 3, 214: Tarentum, id. ib. 2, 197; cf. rus, Pers. 1, 71: auctumnus, Col. poët. 10, 43: messes, Lucil. Aetn. 12: locis ob umidam caeli naturam saturis et redundantibus, Sen. Q. N. 5, 9, 1.—*

3. Fatted, fat: aves paludis, Mart. 11, 52, 14.—

II. Trop., rich, fruitful (opp. dry, simple; very rare; perh. only in the two foll. passages): nec satura jejune, nec grandia minute (dicet), Cic. Or. 36, 123: gestus, i. e. various, Manil. 5, 474.—Hence, sătŭra, ae, f. (sc. lanx), orig., a dish filled with various kinds of fruits, a plate of fruit; hence, also, food composed of various ingredients, a mixture, medley, olio, etc. (both significations, however, rest only on the statements of the grammarians); and hence, transf.,

A. Per saturam, in the gross or in the lump, i. e. without order or distinctness, confusedly: lanx plena diversis frugibus in templum Cereris infertur, quae saturae nomine appellatur, Acro, Hor. S. 1, 1: satura et cibi genus ex variis rebus conditum et lex multis aliis legibus conferta (this latter signif. has perh. arisen from an erroneous explanation of the foll. expression, per saturam). Itaque in sanctione legum ascribitur: neve per saturam abrogato aut derogato. Ti. Annius Luscus in eā, quam dixit adversus Ti. Gracchum: Imperium, quod plebes per saturam dederat, id abrogatum est. Et C. Laelius in eā, quam pro se dixit ... (Sall. J. 29, 5) Dein postero die quasi per saturam sententiis exquisitis in deditionem accipitur, Fest. p. 314 Müll.: satira dicta a saturā lance, quae referta variis multisque primitiis in sacro apud priscos diis inferebatur ... sive a quodam genere farciminis, quod multis rebus refertum, saturam dicit Varro vocitatum. Est autem hoc positum in II. libro Plautinarum Quaestionum: Satura est uva passa et polenta et nuclei pinei mulso conspersi: ad haec alii addunt et de malo Punico grana. Alii autem dictam putant a lege saturā, quae uno rogatu multa simul comprehendat, quod scilicet et satura carmina multa simul et poëmata comprehenduntur: cujus legis Lucilius meminit in primo: Per saturam aedilem factum qui legibus solvat et Sallustius in Jugurtha: Deinde quasi per saturam sententiis exquisitis in deditionem accipitur, Diom. p. 483 P.: hoc opus legentibus tradebatur non secundum edicti perpetui ordinationem sed passim et quasi per saturam collectum et utile cum inutilibus mixtum, Just. praef. Dig. ad Antecess. § 1: Pescennius Festus in libris historiarum per saturam refert, Carthaginienses, etc., Lact. 1, 21, 13.—

B. sătŭra, and after the class. per. sătĭra (erroneously sătўra), ae, f., a satire, a species of poetry, originally dramatic and afterwards didactic, peculiar to the Romans (not connected with the Greek Satyri); it first received a regular poetic form from Ennius, and after him was cultivated by Lucilius, Horace, Persius, and Juvenal; Liv. 7, 2: sunt quibus in saturā videar nimis acer, Hor. S. 2, 1, 1; Stat. S. 1, 3, 103; Amm. 16, 6, 3.—Personified: Satura jocabunda, Mart. Cap. 6, § 576.