LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
verbfirst conjugation

prōpugnō

prōpugnō (present infinitive prōpugnāre, perfect active prōpugnāvī, supine prōpugnātum)
Classical[proːˈpʊŋ.noː]Ecclesiastical[proˈpuɲ.ɲo]

Meaning

  1. to fight or contend for
    Ipsī ex silvīs rārī prōpugnābant nostrōsque intrā mūnītiōnēs ingredī prohibēbant.They fought from the woods in scattered groups and prevented our men from making their way within the fortifications.c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de bello Gallico
  2. to defend
    urbs prōpugnāta et līberātadefended and liberated city

Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers

Conjugation conjugation 1

active indicative
formpresentimperfectfutureperfectpluperfectfut. perfect
1st sg.prōpugnōprōpugnābamprōpugnābōprōpugnāvīprōpugnāveramprōpugnāverō
prōpugnārō
2nd sg.prōpugnāsprōpugnābāsprōpugnābisprōpugnāvistī
prōpugnāstī		prōpugnāverās
prōpugnārās		prōpugnāveris
3rd sg.prōpugnatprōpugnābatprōpugnābitprōpugnāvitprōpugnāverat
prōpugnārat		prōpugnāverit
prōpugnārit
1st pl.prōpugnāmusprōpugnābāmusprōpugnābimusprōpugnāvimusprōpugnāverāmusprōpugnāverimus
prōpugnārimus
2nd pl.prōpugnātisprōpugnābātisprōpugnābitisprōpugnāvistis
prōpugnāstis		prōpugnāverātis
prōpugnārātis		prōpugnāveritis
prōpugnāritis
3rd pl.prōpugnantprōpugnābantprōpugnābuntprōpugnāvērunt
prōpugnāvēre, prōpugnārunt		prōpugnāverant
prōpugnārant		prōpugnāverint
prōpugnārint
active subjunctive
active subjunctive
formpresentimperfectperfectpluperfect
1st sg.prōpugnemprōpugnāremprōpugnāverim
prōpugnārim		prōpugnāvissem
prōpugnāssem
2nd sg.prōpugnēsprōpugnārēsprōpugnāverīsprōpugnāvissēs
prōpugnāssēs
3rd sg.prōpugnetprōpugnāretprōpugnāverit
prōpugnārit		prōpugnāvisset
prōpugnāsset
1st pl.prōpugnēmusprōpugnārēmusprōpugnāverīmus
prōpugnārīmus		prōpugnāvissēmus
prōpugnāssēmus
2nd pl.prōpugnētisprōpugnārētisprōpugnāverītis
prōpugnārītis		prōpugnāvissētis
prōpugnāssētis
3rd pl.prōpugnentprōpugnārentprōpugnāverint
prōpugnārint		prōpugnāvissent
prōpugnāssent
passive indicative
passive indicative
formpresentimperfectfuture
1st sg.prōpugnorprōpugnābarprōpugnābor
2nd sg.prōpugnāris
prōpugnāre		prōpugnābāris
prōpugnābāre		prōpugnāberis
prōpugnābere
3rd sg.prōpugnāturprōpugnābāturprōpugnābitur
1st pl.prōpugnāmurprōpugnābāmurprōpugnābimur
2nd pl.prōpugnāminīprōpugnābāminīprōpugnābiminī
3rd pl.prōpugnanturprōpugnābanturprōpugnābuntur
passive subjunctive
passive subjunctive
formpresentimperfect
1st sg.prōpugnerprōpugnārer
2nd sg.prōpugnēris
prōpugnēre		prōpugnārēris
prōpugnārēre
3rd sg.prōpugnēturprōpugnārētur
1st pl.prōpugnēmurprōpugnārēmur
2nd pl.prōpugnēminīprōpugnārēminī
3rd pl.prōpugnenturprōpugnārentur
imperative
imperative
formactivepassive
pres. 2nd sg.prōpugnāprōpugnāre
pres. 2nd pl.prōpugnāteprōpugnāminī
fut. 2nd sg.prōpugnātōprōpugnātor
fut. 3rd sg.prōpugnātōprōpugnātor
fut. 2nd pl.prōpugnātōte—
fut. 3rd pl.prōpugnantōprōpugnantor
infinitives & participles
infinitives & participles
formactivepassive
present infinitiveprōpugnāreprōpugnārī
perfect infinitiveprōpugnāvisse
prōpugnāsse		prōpugnātum esse
future infinitiveprōpugnātūrum esseprōpugnātum īrī
present participleprōpugnāns—
perfect participle—prōpugnātus
prōpugnāta, prōpugnātā, prōpugnātae, prōpugnātam, prōpugnātārum, prōpugnātās, prōpugnātī, prōpugnātōrum, prōpugnātōs
future participleprōpugnātūrus
prōpugnātūra, prōpugnātūrā, prōpugnātūrae, prōpugnātūram, prōpugnātūrārum, prōpugnātūrās, prōpugnātūre, prōpugnātūrī, prōpugnātūrīs, prōpugnātūrō, prōpugnātūrōrum, prōpugnātūrōs, prōpugnātūrum		prōpugnandus
prōpugnanda, prōpugnandā, prōpugnandae, prōpugnandam, prōpugnandārum, prōpugnandās, prōpugnande, prōpugnandīs, prōpugnandōrum, prōpugnandōs
gerundprōpugnandī, prōpugnandō, prōpugnandumsupineprōpugnātum, prōpugnātū

prō-pugno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a.
I.
I. To rush out to fight, go forth to fight, to make sallies or sorties: ipsi ex silvis rari propugnabant, Caes. B. G. 5, 9; cf. id. ib. 2. 7; id. B. C. 2, 8.—
II. To fight or contend for, to defend a thing (class.; syn.: tutor, defendo).
A. Lit.: uno tempore propugnare et munire, Caes. B. C. 3, 45: pro suo partu, Cic. Tusc. 5, 27, 79: multos e muris propugnantes hastā transfixit, Curt. 4, 4, 11. —
(b). With dat. (post-class.): propugnare fratri, App. M. 9, p. 234, 28: puero misello, id. ib. 7, p. 200, 13.—
B. Trop.: pro aequitate, Cic. Off. 1, 19, 62: pro salute, id. Fam. 11, 16, 2.—With acc. (post-Aug.), to defend: absentiam suam, Suet. Caes. 23: dum quae libidine deliquerant, ambitu propugnant, Tac. A. 13, 31 fin.; 15, 13: pectora parmā, Stat. Th. 2. 584; 4, 110.

Origins

  1. Proto-Indo-European*per-der.?
  2. Proto-Indo-European*per-der.?
  3. Proto-Indo-European*pér
  4. Proto-Indo-European*pró
  5. Proto-Indo-European*pro-
  6. Proto-Italic*pro-
  7. Latinprōpugnō

Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ-der. Proto-Indo-European *puǵnos Proto-Italic *pugnos Latin pugnus Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin pugno Latin prōpugnō From pro- + pugno.

Descendants
  • Englishpropugn
  • Italianpropugnare
  • Spanishpropugnar

Quick answers

What does prōpugnō mean in Latin?
prōpugnō, a verb, means “to fight or contend for; to defend”.
What are the principal parts of prōpugnō?
prōpugnō, prōpugnāre, prōpugnāvī, prōpugnātum (first conjugation).
How do you pronounce prōpugnō?
In classical Latin, [proːˈpʊŋ.noː]; in ecclesiastical (church) Latin, [proˈpuɲ.ɲo].
Where does prōpugnō come from?
Proto-Indo-European *per-der.? → Proto-Indo-European *per-der.? → Proto-Indo-European *pér → Proto-Indo-European *pró → Proto-Indo-European *pro- → Proto-Italic *pro- → Latin prōpugnō.